Project topics about water for the home. Family environmental project “Droplet - magic water” Nomination “Water in the house. Water consumption in the house

Municipal budgetary educational institution

basic secondary school No. 17 a. Kurgokovsky

municipal formation Uspensky district

Contest

"Family

environmental projects"

Nomination

"Water in the House"

Ketokov Raul Mukhamedovich, 3rd grade

Parents: mother Ketokova Anna Pavlovna,

father Ketokov Mukhamed Aslanbekovich

Supervisor: primary school teacher

Avbanova Julieta Aslanbekovna

2015

Purpose of the work: find out the importance of water in the life of humans, plants, and animals.

Project execution plan:

Relevance of water protection.

Where and how water gets into the house.

Water purification.

Use of water in everyday life.

The need for water for animals and plants.

Experiments, research.

Where does the water go?

Conclusion.

If you look at our Earth, you can see that most of the Earth is occupied by water. Despite this, the problem of water protection is very relevant today. S.A. Aksakov stated: “Water is the beauty of everything . Water is alive, it runs or is agitated by the wind, it moves and gives and movement to everything around her.”And I decided to prove it by conducting some research and experiments.

I live in a picturesque corner of our Krasnodar region, in the village of Kurgokovsky.More than 120 years agoPrince Kurgoko chose this particular place to found the aul, since there was a forest and a river nearby. Thus, the village of Kurgokovsky was formed on the left bank of the Kuban River. This is what it looks like from a satellite.

And this is the Kuban River.

For water from the river to get to our house, it goes through a difficult path. My dad and I decided to explore how this happens. To do this, we went to the river where a pumping station was installed.

This station takes water from the river with a pump and pumps it into the treatment plant.

Then it is delivered through pipes laid in the ground to the water tower. It is located on a hill.

Again, water is supplied to the houses through pipes. But it is not quite suitable for use yet. The water can be cloudy, and it also contains pathogenic microbes that can cause intestinal infections. To destroy them, my dad installed a filter. He cleans it.

A special tap is located from the sink through which you can draw filtered water.

Now let’s look at the use of water for different needs:

Everyone knows that every day a person

you need to consume 2-3 liters

water.

Sanitary procedures are not complete without water.

Now let's conduct an experiment on water purification using filtration.

This is what untreated water looks like. Pass it through a filter.

(gauze folded in 8 layers)

And here is the water after filtration

On gauze you can find

substances that polluted it.

And finally, after use, the water goes through the pipes into the sewer hatch.

Based on research, we can conclude that water plays an important role in human life and in the life of living organisms. To do this, you need to love and preserve its beauty.

The project work turned out to be interesting and exciting, and the idea came to me to say about water in verse:

We need water, water for life.

She is a source of strength and health.

Water, water, we won’t live a day,

She is pure and noble like light.

Application form

participant of the regional competition “Family Environmental Projects”

Title of work "Love and take care"

Prospective nomination "Water in the House"

Last name, first name, patronymic of family members involved in the development of the project

Ketokova Anna Pavlovna, mother, Ketokov Mukhamed Aslanbekovich, father

Last name, first name, patronymic of the work manager, place of work, position, title Avbanova Julieta Aslanbekovna, MBOU secondary school No. 17 a. Kurgokovsky, primary school teacher

Place of study (school, class), address, zip code, telephone MBOU secondary school No. 17 a. Kurgokovsky, 3rd grade, 352467, Krasnodar region, Uspensky district, Kurgokovsky village, Mira street, 19, tel. 88614062223

Name of the educational institution where the work was performed, address, zip code, phone number 352467, Krasnodar region, Uspensky district, Kurgokovsky village, st. Mira, 33 tel. 88614062223

Home address, zip code, telephone 352467, Krasnodar region, Uspensky district, Kurgokovsky village, st. Oktyabrskaya, 19, tel. 89298368310

Signature of the person who filled out the form_________________ _____

Research project on the topic:

WATER IN THE HOUSE

Completed by: Veronika Kaplunova,

5th grade student

MKOU "Secondary School No. 15" IMR SK

Scientific supervisor: Yartseva T.I.

biology teacher of the highest category,

MKOU "Secondary School No. 15" IMR SK

Table of contents

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Goals and objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Theoretical facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Where is water used in our home? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

What is the quality of water in our locality? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

How water gets into our homes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Classification of water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Practical work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

How important is water for humans? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

How to filter water, and what types of filters there are. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Method 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Method 2... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Method 3... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Method 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

My filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

How much water does our family use? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Ways to save water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..10

Conclusion from the compiled work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .12

Introduction

My project is “Water in the House”. I chose this topic due to the environmental problem related to water. At the moment, this is the main problem of our planet, since on Earth, of all water reserves, only 3% is fresh; Because of man, water bodies are constantly polluted, and because of the factories built by him, the atmosphere is polluted, at the top of which are the clouds from which rain pours, and if the rain is polluted, then everything will be polluted accordingly.

What is water? This is a formless substance, a universal solvent, with a certain mass and density, colorless and odorless.

H 2 O- formula of water. This formula means that a particle of water consists of two particles of hydrogen and one particle of oxygen.

Goals and objectives:

Objectives: 1) Study the places in the house where water is used.

2) Find out what quality the water is in our locality.

3) Find out how and where water gets into our homes.

Objectives: 1) Describe the importance of water for humans.

2) Get acquainted with the operation of a home filter.

4) Suggest ways to save water.

Theoretical facts

Where is water used in our home? We have several places in our house where we use water: kitchen (faucet), bathroom (shower, washing machine), toilet (faucet, toilet flush tank), hallway (aquarium).

Our family needs a kitchen faucet to wash dishes and collect water for preparing food and drinks.

We take a shower in the shower stall.

Washing machine - its name speaks for itself.

Toilet tap for washing hands after using the toilet.

The aquarium serves us as a kind of sedative, because according to scientific research, looking at the fish, our nervous system calms down and recovers faster.

What is the quality of water in our locality?

I would say that it is not the best, since it is hard and often even rusty, so it has to be cleaned. I will write about this in the “practical work” section, the item “how to filter water and what types of filters there are.”

Water classification: I think it can be divided according to two criteria. This is in terms of hardness and application.

Difference in application: Process water is extracted from the surface layers of the earth. For example: wells, rivers. It is used for irrigating fields, watering animals and industrial production.

Drinking water is obtained at depth. Its composition varies depending on the layers of soil in which it is located. Water can be: hydrogen sulfide, iodide, ferruginous, silicon and others. Water should be drunk 2 liters per day.

Healing water is obtained at depth. But it is only found in some places. Sources of mineral medicinal water Caucasian mineral waters: Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk, Goryachiy Klyuch, Essentuki, Pyatigorsk, Mineralnye Vody. Sanatoriums and health resorts are built near such sources. Doctors prescribe these waters depending on the type of disease. Mineral water is used not only internally, but also for baths and inhalations.

Difference in hardness: Soft water is found mainly in the deep layers of the earth. It contains some alkaline elements.

Hard water is found in the surface layers of the earth. Contains a large amount of calcium and magnesium salts. Because of this, scale remains when boiling.

Practical work

How important is water for humans?

In Table 1 I will show the norm of drinking water for a person. A person consists of 75-80% water: our brain is 80%, muscles are 75%, plasma is 91%, blood is 92%, bones are 22%, and cells are almost 70%. It follows from this that a person cannot live without water.

How to filter water, and what types of filters there are: Often, as I said, you have to filter the water. I will offer 4 ways to purify water

Method 1.

Freezing

This cleaning method is quite effective. The fact is that contaminated water freezes last. And if you freeze water gradually, then the ice formed at the very beginning will be the purest. It should be collected and stored in the freezer, thawing as needed.

Melt water has healing properties. Its molecular structure is similar to the liquid contained in our cells, and helps improve the metabolism and vital activity of each cell. Melt water should be drunk within 24 hours after thawing, while it is stillcontains its healing properties. When boiled, such water loses them and is not suitable for cooking.

Method 2.

Mineralization

Ordinary water can be turned into healing water by adding a mineral - flint or shungite - into it. Several small pieces of silicon, which is sold under the name“Chalcedony opal” destroys all pathogenic bacteria. Fill them with tap water and leave for 2-3 days. Water prepared in this way will help you significantly improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, strengthen the body, and increase its resistance to disease.

Shungite acts much faster. Water purified with its help is indispensable for inhalation and rinsing. And if you take a bath with a small shungite stone, your skin will cleanse and become smooth.

Method 3.

Electrochemical cleaning

Using a special device consisting of a non-conductive container, electrodes and a membrane, a direct current is passed through the water. The result is two types of water -"live"(alkaline) and"dead"(acidic).“Live” has the property of accelerating cell growth. It is indispensable for watering plants; it is used for cosmetic and sometimes medicinal purposes.“Dead”, being a mild antiseptic, effectively copes with any microbes.

Method 4.

Make your own carbon filter (+ description of activated carbon).

Since ancient times, activated carbon has been used primarily as an effective filter. They used it to purify water and wine to improve their quality.

The use of carbon filters is still relevant today, due to the pollution of natural resources, which affects the quality of life of people. Purification of water and drugs used for treatment is important for human health.

Tap water is often highly chlorinated, has an unpleasant odor and taste, looks cloudy and contains a lot of substances and microorganisms harmful to humans, although it is treated at city wastewater treatment plants. In this case, the use of activated carbon as a purification filter is the most effective and fairly cheap means for improving the quality of drinking water and preventing many diseases. Activated carbon is able to absorb all substances harmful to the body, including such heavy ones as lead, mercury, radon and its decay products, chlorine, pesticides, etc. At the same time, activated carbon leaves valuable minerals in the water.

People with a diseased liver should not use untreated water for drinking or cooking. Drinking such water can aggravate the disease and worsen the patient’s overall condition. It is recommended to purify the water or purchase already purified water.

Carbon filter structure: a – inlet of treated water, outlet of wash water; b – purified water outlet, wash water inlet; c – air; g – drain; d – activated carbon.

You can make carbon filters for water yourself. To do this, take powdered activated or birch carbon and wrap it in gauze or cotton cloth. Having made several such layers, place them in a pan (it can be replaced with a bottle), at the bottom of which there is a hole. The pan must be placed on another vessel designed to collect purified water. Water poured into the pan will pass through the coal and be purified. This filter is effective for several days, after which it is recommended to replace it with a new one.

Currently, you can buy ready-made filters with an installed meter for measuring recycled water to accurately determine the service life of activated carbon in the device. The carbon filter unit is easily replaced with a new one as needed.

My filter: Jug"Barrier"- This is one of the simplest and most common filters in everyday life. Such filters do not need water supply, so they can be used not only at home, but also in the office, outdoors or in the country. How it works: water flows from one container to another through a layer of sorbent (often coal or silver). For such filters, filter cassettes with different properties are produced - for soft water, for hard water and bactericidal. Jugs differ in the volume of water they hold - I have 2 liters (there are also 1 and 3 liters). Typically, the filtration time for 1 liter of water is 3-4 minutes.

The advantages of devices of this type: low cost, ease of use and installation. The disadvantages are the small cartridge life and the need to fill the jug manually.

How much water does our family use: The amount of water consumed is recorded in Table 2 and is also shown in Diagram 1. Our entire family consumes a lot of water every day, but still it is not very much.

Ways to save water:

1) Always close the tap after using it. Monitor their serviceability. When brushing your teeth, turn off the tap or use a glass.

2) Load washing machines and dishwashers completely. Take care of yourself, dirty your clothes less, to reduce the number of washes.

3) Take showers rather than baths more often. Install a toilet with a lever rather than a button (if possible). In the shower, turn off the tap while we shower or wash our hair.

Conclusion:

Thus, from the above it is clear that many of us use water resources irrationally (and this is taking into account that the example is given only for one family).

In 2020, if no action is taken, there will be a global water crisis.

Therefore, it is within our power, by taking the necessary measures today, to prevent the tragedy of the future.

Application

Table 1

CONSUMPTION

WATER

For 1

once

For 1

day

For 1

a week

For 1

month

For 1

year

Washing

car

liters

liters

liters

1680

liters

20160

liters

Washing

dishes

liter

liters

liter

liters

7560

liters

Taking a shower

liters

liters

liters

liters

1800

liters

Aquarium

liters

Replacement 30%

(i.e. 45 liters)

liters

2700

liters

Cooking(1.Food 2.Drinks)

liters

liters

10,5

liters

liters

liters

liters

liter

liters

liters

liters

Flushing the toilet cistern

liters

liters

liters

1500

liters

18000

liters

Total

888,5

liters

4260

liters

51120

liters

Table 2

Diagram 1

0 Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten No. 8 "Teremok" MO Starominsky district Authors: Aleynik Ksenia - senior group Project manager: Mom - Aleynik Natalya Vladimirovna Educator MBDOU "DS No. 8" Work consultant: senior teacher Dvornik Olga Petrovna Family environmental project Nomination “Water in the House”

1 CONTENTS Project passport…. 1 Introduction… 2 1. Purpose and objectives of the project…. 2 2. Project implementation stages…. 3-20 Conclusion... 21-22 Literature... 22 PROJECT PASSPORT NAME OF THE PROJECT: “Water, water...” in the nomination “Water in the House” PROJECT AUTHORS: Aleynik Natalya Vladimirovna and her daughter Ksenia senior group MBDOU “Kindergarten No. 8 “Teremok” village of Kanelovskaya, municipal district of Starominsky district, Krasnodar region HEAD: Senior teacher of MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 8 "Teremok" of the village of Kanelovskaya, municipal district of Starominsky district, Krasnodar region Janitor Olga Petrovna PROJECT PERFORMERS: Aleynik Natalya Vladimirovna and daughter Ksenia TYPE OF PROJECT: Creative, family with elements of research activities. RELEVANCE OF THE PROJECT: Raising the younger generation to be environmentally literate, conserving water resources and saving their use. METHODS USED: Analysis, collection of information from Internet resources, role-playing games, observations, experimental work, generalization, . EXPECTED RESULT: Application of acquired knowledge in practice. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION DATE: March 2016 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION STAGES: I. Preparatory (March 01 – March 09, 2016) II. Practical (March 10 - March 20, 2016) III. Summary (March 21 – March 30, 2016)

2 INTRODUCTION Water is the most familiar and simple substance for us. Water is a necessary condition for the existence of all living organisms on our planet. Water is one of the most basic human needs. Without water, a person can live only two or three days. It is necessary to treat water very carefully, because there is not so much water suitable for drinking on earth. Despite the fact that water covers an area of ​​land. Modern man is accustomed to living comfortably, using a lot of clean water for domestic purposes, turning it dirty, pouring it into rivers and reservoirs, thereby polluting and harming the surrounding nature. Therefore, it is necessary to instill in children a caring attitude towards water, the source of life, and the nature of their native land. Our daughter Ksenia is an active, inquisitive child. Watching mom and dad work at home, she asks a lot of questions that she wants answers to right away. Therefore, we decided to start research activities with her in order to show our daughter the answers to her questions using examples. The basis of the research activity was the materials of N. A. Ryzhova under the program “Our Home is Nature.” Ksyusha, with great desire and interest, became involved in research activities, conducting various experiments with water, studying the path of water entering the house and its journey through pipes. 1. PROJECT GOAL: To develop in children a conscious, careful attitude towards water; Instilling research skills in preschoolers; Raising environmental consciousness in children and adults. PROJECT OBJECTIVES: 1. Study Internet resources on the project topic. 2. Study what water is used for in the house and its properties. 3. Study the ways water gets into the house. 4. Develop skills in careful and economical use of water. 5. Develop our child’s intellectual and research abilities; 6. Foster respect for water and wildlife. 7. Learn to apply this knowledge in everyday life.

3 2. STAGES OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION. Stage I. Preparatory  At the preparatory stage of the project, we studied Internet resources about the water resources of our region, our village.  We studied the properties of water, the purposes of its use in the house.  We found out where and how water gets into the house and how much of it is needed for human life, using materials from Internet resources. Stage II. Practical Based on the materials we have, we began:  studying the state and properties of water;  to study the places in the house where water is used;  research activities on purification and filtering of contaminated water.  getting to know natural bodies of water; To understand the ways water travels, Ksyusha and I studied the water cycle in nature and drew up a diagram. Which helped her remember the form in which water exists in nature. Have you heard about water? They say she is everywhere! In a puddle, in the sea, in the ocean And in a water tap, It freezes like an icicle, It creeps into the forest like fog, It boils on our stove, The steam of the kettle hisses. We can’t wash ourselves without it, we can’t eat, we can’t get drunk! I dare to report to you: We cannot live without her! Water in seas and oceans, lakes, rivers and ponds. And we cannot do without it, neither in villages nor in cities. Appreciate water, take care: Nature has given us such a gift.

4 Properties and forms of water:  transparent,  colorless,  flowing,  odorless,  takes any form into which it is poured,  dissolves substances,  can freeze,  can evaporate,  water expands and contracts. We used riddles: To avoid trouble, We cannot live without... (water) I was water, now I fly. In appearance, I resemble fog... (steam) First it flies, then it runs, Then it lies on the street... Then you won’t cross it dry without boots or galoshes... (rain) It does not burn in fire and does not sink in water... (ice) It grows upside down, It grows not in summer, but in winter. As soon as the sun hits her, she will cry and die... (icicle) What kind of stars are there on the coat and on the scarf? All through - cut out, And if you take it - water in your hand... (snowflake)

5 Snow... Icicle... Steam...

7 Colorless Can be painted any color Freezes You can cool the juice...

8 Focus…. Absorbs water... Floats... Sinks...

9 Research activities on purification and filtering of contaminated water. Filtering water from large debris...

10 Natural reservoirs: In a new wall, In a round window The glass is broken during the day, During the night it was inserted... (ice hole) In the middle of the field lies a mirror: The glass is blue, the frame is green.... (lake) A bull runs, a golden horn, runs, gurgles... (stream) Filtering water from sand...

11 Brook and river Among the high mountains and rocks, a living stream ran. It gurgled very joyfully, filling the mountains with life. Every day he made a longer path among the rocks. And one day he came straight to the noisy Bystraya River. He says: “Hello, relatives! Won't you send me away?" The river was very surprised: “Are we related? Please tell me, why did you decide this? Maybe he was just in a hurry? You and I are completely strangers, very different elements.” But the stream said to her: “Is it really not clear that we are both from the water. Our water tracks have long been intertwined. Finally we have been found! The ribbon in the open space trembles a little in the breeze. The narrow tip is in the spring, And the wide one is in the sea... (river) There is water all around, but drinking is a problem... (sea) Water, passing through the layers of the earth, is purified naturally. To show this to Ksyusha clearly, we looked at many illustrations and studied information using the example of presentations. Developed curiosity, observation, and speech. Where does the water come from in our house? There is no river nearby. We use tap water. It is purified in a special place called a water treatment plant. First, the water passes through special grates, then filters, where the water becomes completely clean. Pumps pump clean water into underground pipelines. Plumber engineers built a long path to every home, kindergarten, and store. While looking at materials about water on the Internet, Ksyusha and I drew a diagram of how water gets into the house. While examining the house and yard, Ksyusha and I looked at ways to connect pipes. The pipe connection is sealed so that not a single drop of water is wasted.

12 Water well on the street... Water well in the yard...

13 The first room into which water enters is the bathroom. Here Ksyusha washes herself and brushes her teeth. To use water sparingly, Ksyusha washes herself in the shower. When brushing your teeth, rinse your mouth with water in a glass. If our hands are stained with polish, If there are blots on our nose, Who then is our first friend? Scheme of water supply to the house

14 Will it remove dirt from your face and hands? In introducing the use of water in the bathroom, we used a role-playing game. We wash our hands... We bathe... We use the toilet...

15 Swimming... Doing laundry with mom...

16 We showed economical ways to use water. Water flows from the bathroom into the kitchen. In introducing the use of water in the kitchen, we used hands-on activities and observation. Helping my mom...

17 Water filter... We drink water from a drinking water tap with a filter Water filter...

18 For what purposes is water used in the house? Fish need water...

19 For cleaning the house... Heating the house...

20 For watering flowers... For poultry and animals...

21 After conducting research, Ksyusha and I learned several RULES FOR USING WATER: 1. Close the water tap. 2. Do not release water in a strong stream. 3. Take as much water as needed. 4. Keep rivers, lakes, ponds clean and tidy, and do not litter natural bodies of water. Stage III Generalizing. At the general stage of work on our family environmental project, we worked on its design, photographed the stages of research activities, systematized the work done, and summed up the results. CONCLUSION. Summing up the results of our research activities, we came to the conclusion that:  Ksyusha learned the acquired knowledge and ideas about the properties of water and its importance for humans.  Applies acquired knowledge in practice and passes it on to his peers.  Be careful when using water in your home. For watering plants and trees in the yard...

22 Water is the basis of life on Earth, It is necessary for everyone around: Plants, animals, humans, Use it carefully, my friend! “Save water” Water is what gives people life. Treasure water, fight for its safety! Let it be clean or very dirty, Whatever it is, it is useful. In the swamp, in the mud, where the frogs live, the water is very dirty, for them there is comfort. For the fish in the river and sea animals, the water should always be clean for them. And what is completely frozen in Antarctica, And that, in the form of ice, that is familiar to us all, And this water is healthy too, It cools, it can quickly invigorate. Whatever water, friends, you encounter, We are all responsible for its safety. Otherwise, the water may run out, and life on the planet will then die down. LITERATURE 1. Internet - resources about water (cartoons, presentations) 2. Ryzhova N. I. “Our home is nature.” 3. Encyclopedia "Wildlife"

Family environmental project “Droplet - magic water”

Nomination “Water in the House”

Content

1. Introduction

2. Goals

3. Objectives

4. Relevance

5. Conclusion

6. Application

Introduction

If you look at a map or a globe, you will see that they are mostly blue. Because there is much more water on the globe than land. Maybe our planet should have been called Planet Water? Where does water come from on earth? It falls from the sky when it rains or snows. It falls and replenishes springs, streams, rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. The sun heats the surface of the water, and invisible steam rises into the sky. As it cools down, it turns into a cloud, from the cloud it rains or snows again... and everything starts all over again. Water is a magician: it can turn into a cloud, fog, snow, ice, rain, hail, frost, dew! Wow! Oh yes water! And the water is very strong. They say that a drop wears away a stone. This is true. Water can destroy the strongest rocks every day, undermining them and turning them into sand. Yes, yes, sand is what remains of huge mountains.

When choosing a topic for our project, I always rely on the interests and needs of my child that arise at the moment. Some of the first natural materials that a child encounters in everyday life are sand and water. Watching a child play with water during washing, hardening procedures, and caring for plants, I became convinced of the relevance of the chosen topic, namely the need to obtain the child’s knowledge and ideas about the properties and importance of water in the life of living beings, and about the influence of water on people’s health. The result of project activities is largely determined by well-organized, varied and meaningful preliminary work. Every day, during walks, together with the child, we observed natural phenomena (clouds, rain, snow, ice, icicles, drops, puddles, streams), and noted changes in the state of water depending on the season.

Project goal:

Introducing the child to the meaning of water.

Project objectives:

Development of the child’s cognitive abilities in the process of joint research activities and practical experiments with water;

Fostering respect for water;

Development of aesthetic perception of water in nature (sparkling snow, amazing snowflakes, sparkling ice, etc.);

Introducing the child to the properties of water;

Formation in the child of the concept that water can be purified.

Relevance of the project:

The need to expand the child’s knowledge and understanding about the properties and importance of water in the life of living beings and for the health of children.

STAGES AND CONTENTS OF THE PROJECT:

Stage 1: Statement of a cognitive problem, creation of motivation by me, acceptance of the task by the child.

Content : I developed a system of cognitive tasks, created problem situations and various activities in nature - caring for plants, observations, didactic games.

Terms : The task is quite complex for the child, requiring mental activity to compare known facts and draw preliminary conclusions.

The exploratory nature of the child’s independent work.

The child’s vital importance and interest in the assigned tasks.

Consistently increasing the complexity of tasks.

Stage 2: Primary analysis of the problem, making assumptions about a possible natural phenomenon, the causes of the phenomenon. Selection of ways to test the assumptions put forward by the child, testing these assumptions.

Content: Analysis of a cognitive task under my guidance; identifying the known and the unknown. The child makes assumptions about the possible natural phenomenon being studied and its causes. Joint selection of child and adult methods for testing assumptions.

Conditions: The need for joint consideration of each of the assumptions (special attention was paid to the child’s contradictory assumptions).

If the task at hand is particularly complex and the child is unable to solve it, I make an assumption myself.

Using different methods to test assumptions. Ways to check assumptions:

Short-term observations;

Comparisons;

Elementary experiments;

Heuristic conversations;

Stage 3: Analysis of the results obtained during testing of assumptions and formulation of conclusions.

Conditions: Encouraging the child to independently formulate conclusions.

If the task is complicated or incorrect conclusions are expressed, I organize additional experiments and observations.

TOPICS OF OBSERVATIONS AND SEARCH TASKS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION.

Observations in nature.

Observation of puddles, ice formation, and the appearance of the first snow.

Making boats from various materials with the child, putting them into the water, watching different materials float, putting boats into the water, watching different materials float.

Observing rain at different times of the year, the state of the sky during rain, and identifying the cause of the intensity of the rain. Monitoring the evaporation of water from the asphalt surface and the evaporation of dew from plants. Watching the rainbow, the fog.

Observation of the formation of the first thin ice on puddles during the first autumn frosts, the appearance of frost. Conclusions about the connection with air temperature. Observation of the melting of icicles, the change of snowdrifts. Dependence on the time of year, temperature changes.

Observation of changes in snow cover, its structure, properties, color with increasing and decreasing air temperatures.

Snowfall at different air temperatures (in frosty weather, in thaw). Looking at snowflakes.

Heuristic conversations.

“Water is a great solvent.”

“How much does water weigh?”

“Where did the rainbow come from?”

“Who sprayed the dew drops?”

"Who lives under the ice?"

“Why do trees need snow? »

Search problems and their solutions.

1. Can water have taste, smell, color?

Target: Familiarization with the properties of water. To bring to an understanding of the importance of caring for water as the basis of life.

Content: Dissolving gouache, food, aromatic substances in water, experiments with water purification.

2. Why do some things sink and others don’t?

Target: Summarize the connection between weight and the ability to float.

Content: Weighing objects on scales and lowering them into water.

3. Where did the rain come from?

Target: The concept that rain is evaporated moisture from the surface of the Earth.

Content: Heating of water and its condensation.

4. Why is there ice on the puddles?

Target: Establishing a connection between air temperature and the state of water, between the temperature difference and the time of freezing of water.

Content: Take the water outside, put the water in the refrigerator, watch at home. Determine the temperature in all cases. Identify the reasons for different freezing times.

Conclusion: As a result of the work we have done, the child develops cognitive activity and initiative. The predictive function of thinking, the ability to analyze facts, give reasons for one’s judgments and draw conclusions are improved. The child learns to conduct experiments with snow, ice, paints, and sculpt figures from snow of various shapes. The child expands his understanding of the properties of water:

- water can be liquid, solid, vapor;

- the water is clear;

- water can be tinted any color;

- water has different temperatures: cold, warm, hot;

- water is formed from snow;

- snow melts faster than ice.

Experience name

Setting a goal	Creating conditions	Actions	Conclusions
Pour, pour, watch	Find out that the water is pouring	Prepare containers of various sizes and shapes	Children pour water from one container to another	Water pours and takes the shape of a container
Comparison of milk and water	Find out that the water is clear	Prepare two transparent containers, milk, water and two spoons	Pour milk into one container and water into another. Children dip one spoon into milk and the other into water, then compare	The water is transparent (the spoon is visible through the water and the transparent container)
Experiments with colored water	Make sure that the water can be tinted any color	Prepare 4 transparent containers, watercolor paints	Children use a brush to tint water, name the color, draw with tinted water on paper, or water the snow with a watering can.	Water can be tinted in different colors
Experiments with water purification	Make sure the water can be purified	Prepare 4 transparent containers, a funnel with cotton wool and activated carbon and cloudy water	Children pour water from one container to another through a funnel with cotton wool and coal, changing the cotton wool each time	The water becomes clearer and cleaner
Determining the water temperature	Find out that water has different temperatures: cold, warm, hot	3 containers with water: cold, hot, warm	The child puts his hand in cold, warm, hot water, identifies and names	Water can be warmed or cooled
Snow is also water	Find out that water is formed from snow	Snow	A child takes snow in his hand and watches it melt	Snow is melt water
Comparison of ice and snow	Find out the properties of ice and snow, compare	Two containers, ice and snow	Children manipulate ice and snow (break a piece of ice, make a snowball out of snow)
Melting ice and snow	Find out that snow melts faster than ice	Ice, snow and two containers of water	Children putting ice and snow into the water	Snow melts faster than ice

Didactic games

"Modeling by little people"

Goal: to expand children’s understanding of the world around them, to give children the first basic knowledge about the water cycle in nature.

Progress of the game:

The method of modeling with little people is to imagine that all objects and phenomena consist of many different little people.

They can think, perform any actions, behave differently, they have different characters, they obey different commands. The people of a solid substance (object) hold hands tightly; in order to separate them, some force must be applied.

The people of the liquid substance stand next to each other and lightly touch each other. This connection is fragile; these little men can be easily separated from each other (pour water from a glass).

Humans of gaseous substances are restless, love to jump, run, fly, they travel a lot and independently of each other. Only sometimes do they collide or touch each other.

All these little men can be simply (in a stylized form) cut out of cardboard, depicted on square plates or on the faces of a cube. It is desirable that there be at least 10 people of each type.

Using the game, it is not difficult to answer the question of why a stone is hard, to show the transition from one state of aggregation to another, for example, why ice does not melt in winter. Because the little people are cold and they huddle together. But then the sun began to warm stronger, the little men warmed up, they became hot, and they began to straighten up, push each other, stopped holding hands tightly, and only touched each other with their shoulders, fingers, and elbows. Ice went from a solid state to a liquid state, resulting in water. And the sun is heating up more and more, the little people are getting hotter and hotter. They first moved away from each other, and then completely ran away in different directions. The water disappeared and turned into steam.

"Drop ball"

We take flour and spray from a spray bottle, we get droplet balls.

(Dust particles around themselves collect small drops of water, form one large drop, forming clouds)

Comparison of milk and water

Ice is hard and brittle; the snow is loose, you can sculpt a figure from the snow

Determine the water temperature. Find out that water has different temperatures: cold, warm, hot

Find out that water is flowing. Children pour water from one container to another

Project “This Sorceress is our Water”

Nomination "The world around us"

The world of children is a wonderful world, a world of whys. My preschool children are the most active, the most inquisitive. They have a lot of questions that they immediately want to hear answered. Therefore, I decided to start research work with them so that they themselves could find answers to their many questions. The basis for all research work was the materials of N.A. Ryzhova under the program “Our Home is Nature.” The children got involved in the work with great desire and interest. Parents also provide great assistance in our research. We often conduct various experiments. I want to dwell on one of our research projects, which I called “This Sorceress is our Water!”

Fostering an ecological culture is a long way to developing the right ways to interact with nature. Understanding the elementary connections that exist in nature, a sense of empathy for everything, an effective readiness to create it, perception of the beauty of nature - these are the components of ecological culture. Children need to instill the skills of an environmentally literate attitude in everyday life, in particular, teach children to use water carefully and economically. Draw their attention to the fact that even such a familiar object as water is fraught with a lot of unknowns. All this emphasizesrelevance our research.

Target : the formation in children of a conscious, careful attitude towards water as an important natural resource, that is, the education of environmental consciousness.

Object : water in our lives.

Hypothesis: we assumed that

You cannot live without water.
do not wash, do not drink without water.
A leaf cannot bloom without water.

They can't live without water
Bird, beast and man.
And that's why it's always
Everyone needs water everywhere.

Tasks :

1. Conduct experimental research work on water.

2. Identify the basic properties of water.

3. Present the results obtained.

Forms and methods of work:

1. Conducting a conversation with parents, consultations about the need to form ideas in children about the value of nature.

2. Excursions with children to springs in different seasons.

3. Targeted walks outside the kindergarten (pond, park with a swimming pool).

4. Classes in a corner of nature.

5. Conducting experimental classes.

Research methods : observation, conversations with children about water, reading literature, solving crosswords, puzzles, embroidering, drawing, writing fairy tales and designing children's books.

Progress of the study :

Water plays a huge role in our lives; it is our constant companion. Unfortunately, many people consider water resources to be inexhaustible. Hence - unfixed or simply uncovered taps in apartments, unrepaired, leaking pipes, garbage in rivers and lakes. It is very important to teach children - our future generation - to take care of water. Moreover, water is not only a natural resource.

Watching drops of dew, rain, sparkling snow on walks, listening to the ringing of spring drops, I teach children to see the beauty of nature. On walks, children get acquainted with the properties of water and various natural phenomena. Knowledge of the properties of water is of an auxiliary nature: it helps children understand the characteristics of the habitat of aquatic organisms. For example: the water is transparent, transmits the sun's rays, therefore, plants and various organisms live in rivers, lakes, and seas.

We have an aquarium in our group. While watching fish and herbs in the aquarium, children became acquainted with the properties of water: water can be warm and cold - various living organisms live in the water element with different temperatures.

During conversations, I explain to children the rules of behavior in natural conditions. If plants and animals need water to live, then our bodies of water must be clean and unpolluted. From this, together with the children, we conclude that when relaxing on a river, pond, lake, or spring, behave environmentally wisely.

During walks in the summer, spring, and autumn, I offered the children an ordinary puddle as an object for observation, from which we try to drive the children away, and in which they all show great interest. A puddle is a model of a small reservoir. We observed its appearance, evaporation of water, formation of waves, freezing, thereby determining the properties of water.

When organizing work with children, I tried to ensure that they were not just listeners and observers, but full participants. I wanted every child to feel that the state of the environment depends on him, on his actions. And the children themselves drew their own conclusions: throwing garbage into the river polluted the house of frogs and fish; cleaned up the garbage on the shore - they are healthy; I forgot to water a houseplant - it died due to your fault.

Based on the results of targeted walks and excursions, drawings were carried out on the topics: “The river that I saw,” “The cheerful (sad) river,” “What did the fontanel see?”

During construction classes we made boats. These boats were made into a river and streams from blue strips of fabric of different lengths. The task was to arrange the blue stripes so that the streams flow into a large river.

We looked at winter, spring, and summer landscapes with the children. Water, like a sorceress, can turn into rain, snow, dew, ice, etc.

We spent an evening of riddles and guesses about water with the children.

We played outdoor games: “We are droplets”, “We are big whales”.

We read the poems by S. Pogorelsky “Spring Stream”, L. Lyushin “Droplet”, E. Moshkovskaya “Drop and Sea”, A. Tolstoy “The Golden Key or the Adventures of Pinocchio”, G.K. Andersen’s “Thumbelina”, N.A. Ryzhov’s story “How People Offended a River.”

There are many oil workers in our city. They all consider themselves indebted to mother earth. Therefore, all oil workers are engaged in the revival and improvement of springs, “for a spring is not only water, it is spirituality. The silver streams of the springs heal the sick, give strength to workers, and strengthen the spirit of the nation.” There are also parents in our group who are oil workers. Our children and their parents visited many springs. The kids learned that the waters of the springs are the cleanest, most transparent, crystal, cold and most healing, and for this people value spring waters very much. Children and their parents found many songs and poems about springs written by local poets and composers. After that, little books and an album about the springs of the Aznakaevsky district were prepared.

To study the properties of water, we conducted experiments with children: a liquid without taste, color, shape or smell. The children were clearly convinced of these properties.

As part of the continuity of kindergarten and school, a KVN “What do we know about water?” was held between the children of our group and the first grade students of school No. 4 in Aznakaevo.

As a result of all the work done, I wanted to see practical work in every family, so a competition “Water in our lives” was announced to parents. Parents and their children must provide a short essay in which they: describe the use of water in all areas of life; They will talk about the activities carried out to teach children the protection and use of water resources.

Application: Presentation .

“People who have learned... from observations and experiments,
Gain the ability to ask questions themselves
and get answers to them,
being on a higher level
mental and moral level
in comparison with those who did not go through such school"
K. E. Timiryazev
Relevance of the project topic
Water is a colorless liquid, tasteless and odorless, an active solvent with high surface tension. During the implementation of project work, the child becomes familiar with the physical properties of water, as well as how it is necessary to save water and why. This project instills the skills of environmentally conscious behavior in everyday life, in particular the child’s ability to use water sparingly, and to understand the need for such an attitude towards water as a natural resource. Develops observation, creativity, and fosters a caring attitude towards water. The progress of the project is aimed at implementing an activity-based approach to teaching preschool children; the focus is on the child’s educational and play needs, the development of self-management skills in learning, self-assessment and mutual assessment of success in development and learning. We called our project “Water in the House”. The goal of the development was learning, but not mechanical memorization and reproduction by the child of the studied material, but understanding, comprehension, the ability to explain one’s position and vision of the harmony of nature with the purity of the water space. Our work was mainly carried out in natural conditions, in nature, at home. Why was the topic “Water in the House” chosen? Yes, simply because it interested the child himself, where does the water come from in the house and what can be done with it. There is both a lot and a little water on Earth at the same time. There is a lot of it in the oceans and seas, but sea salt water is unsuitable for drinking, as well as for many technical agricultural productions. Limited fresh water supplies are being further reduced due to pollution. Fresh water is suitable for drinking and cooking. It is also used for household needs: watering plants, washing dishes, cars, premises, washing, caring for animals. Every living thing on Earth needs water.
Information from the Internet.
97% of the water on the planet is salty waters of the seas and oceans.
2% of water is ice.
1% of water is fresh water.
3% – suitable for humans.

Fresh water reserves are distributed as follows:
Fresh water reserves on Earth (3%).
69-75% - Arctic, Antarctic, Greenland, mountain glaciers, icebergs.
24-30% - groundwater.
0.5% - atmospheric moisture.
0.5% - surface water.

Interesting facts about water.

If you use a glass when brushing your teeth, you save 5–10 liters of water.
A fully open tap drains up to 15 liters of water per minute.
About 1000 liters of water per hour are poured through an uncovered tap.
Even the smallest leak carries up to 80 liters of water per day.
Washing a pile of dirty dishes under a strong stream takes about 100 liters of water.
When washing a car with a hose, up to 200 liters of water are consumed.
When water leaks in the toilet, 40 liters of water are wasted per day.
Taking a shower for 5 minutes, you use about 100 liters of water
By filling the bathtub only halfway, you use 150 liters of water
Taking a bath requires three times more water than showering.

A plan was developed to implement the project:
1. Set goals and objectives for the chosen topic.
2. Involve parents in the implementation of sections of the project.
3. Development of homework and experiments.
4. Project summary.

Predicted result:
Find out with your child how to conserve water and why.
Show experimentally what properties water has.
Improving work on interaction with parents, enhancing the position of parents as participants in the pedagogical process of the kindergarten.

The goal of the project is to instill in a child a caring attitude towards water, to develop the experience of everyday environmental behavior in relation to water supplies. Learn to conduct simple experiments with water.

Tasks:
1. Give the child a clear idea of ​​how necessary water is in nature.
2. Develop the child’s cognitive and creative abilities.
3. Create conditions for parental participation in the educational process.
4. Form a conscious – correct attitude towards natural resources.
Principles:
The principle of conformity with nature provides for the organization of the pedagogical process in accordance with the laws of nature, its rhythms, and cycles.
The principle of problematization is to create conditions for posing and solving problems, introducing human culture into the world through its open problems by increasing the activity and initiative of the child in solving them.
The principle of relying on leading activity is realized in the organic connection of play with other specifically children’s activities (visual, constructive, etc.) that interact and enrich each other.
The principle of cooperation and co-creation presupposes the unity of an adult and a child as equal partners, provides the opportunity for self-development of each, dialogical interaction, and the predominance of empathy in interpersonal relationships.
The principle of taking into account age characteristics allows us to consider various problems at an accessible level, and then return to previously studied material at a new, higher level.
The principle of developing a child’s personal qualities is aimed at developing a positive, respectful attitude towards natural resources, i.e. to fresh water.

TOPICS OF OBSERVATIONS AND SEARCH TASKS
WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION.
Preparatory stage.
Selection of material, manuals, literature on the topic.
Conducting a conversation with the child regarding water consumption: “Who needs water”, “Why save water”, “The importance of water in our lives”.

Conversation "How did the water come to us?"
Research stage.
During the project, the child and the adult:
 Checks how water is being used and whether there is any water leakage at home.
 Conduct random checks on the condition of water taps for leakage and economical use of water.
 Conversations: “How we save water at home,” “How it gets into the tap.”
 Gets acquainted with water and its properties.
From this we found out that water enters the tap from a well or river. Only it doesn’t get into the tap right away: those droplets with which we wash our hands have traveled a long way. First, a person sent it from the river (well) into pipes, where the water was purified and after that it comes to us. In order for clean water to flow from our tap, many people had to work hard: some made pipes at the factory, others helped the water get into the pipes, i.e. they built a water pipeline, others purified the water, and others repaired the taps. And sometimes it seems to us that water flows from the tap itself and there is a lot of it, there is no need to save, let it flow! But we now know that water flows into the tap from the river, and if all people leave the taps open, what can happen? We began to observe how we use water. It turned out to be unreasonable: We brush our teeth, the tap is open, and water flows into the sewer. We forget to turn off the tap. Wash dishes while keeping the tap open. We don’t close the tap tightly and the water slowly drips out. A child in the dining room washes his hands with the tap turned on completely.
PROPERTIES OF WATER
During the experiments, we found out what properties of water there are: transparent, odorless, colorless, solvent, flowing.

Conclusion.
To reduce water loss, you need to:
 do not leave taps open;
 monitor the serviceability of the taps;
 regulate the strength of the water jet;
 wash dishes in a cup using a minimum of detergent.
 turn off the water while brushing your teeth;
 reduce pressure when washing dishes;
 in the toilet, reduce the filling level;
 wash dishes in a cup.
Summing up. Rules for caring for water.
Pay attention to whether water flows from the tap at home in vain. If you notice this, turn off the tap. It happens that we spend a lot of water uselessly without noticing it. For example, you wash your hands, wash your face under a strong stream. Close the tap a little. This will not interfere with washing, and less water will leak. Learn to brush your teeth without wasting water. To do this, do not leave the tap open while you brush your teeth and rinse your mouth. Immediately pour water into the glass and close the tap. It is very convenient to rinse your mouth from a glass. And how much water will you save! If water flows due to a malfunction of the tap or water dispenser, you must immediately inform an adult. Do not litter on river banks, do not wash cars in them.

Methods for assessing success: observations, conversations, workshops.

Project participants: Nikita Demidov, a pupil of the middle group of MBDOU kindergarten No. 4 in the village of Unarokovo, and his mother Tatyana Nikolaevna Demidova.
Project type: educational and research.
Duration of the project: short - urgent (from 02/20/2013 to 03/17/2013).

Subject of research: properties of water.

Preliminary work:

Group conversation "How did water come to us?"

Next story: "Golden Drop".

Educator: “Golden water” flows in our taps. Why do we call it golden? Because there is less and less of it on our planet. Remember how you and I use water at home and in the kindergarten? What should you do to avoid water loss? You need to close the taps tightly behind you and use water sparingly. Let's save water, if you see a faucet that is not closed, close it; if you notice a faucet that is not closed tightly, close it tighter. Save water both at home and in the garden.

Reading the final part of the poem “Yesterday and Today” by S.Ya. Marshak.
The rocker with the bucket rattled throughout the house:
- No one walks on water, no one takes the rocker.
They began to live according to a new fashion - they installed running water.
Women are getting lazy these days. Have your shoulders become weak?
The river has gone crazy - it went home on its own!
And it happened, with a chime to its green banks
The girls were walking along the pavement for water.
They came close to the river, bowed low to the river:
- Hello, river, our mother, let us get some water!
And now my two-year-old grandson can turn it with one hand
The handle of the faucet is like a key - and the water flows like a river...
Nowadays there is little sense in people, the yoke is missing!

First experience.
Goal: Find out what happens to water during the freezing process.

Conclusion: The volume of water increases.
Second experience.
Purpose: Find out whether the needle and checkers can stay on the surface of the water.

Conclusion: Water can hold a needle and checkers on the surface.

Third experience.
Goal: Find out whether the candle will burn completely in water.

Conclusion: The candle burned out completely.
Fourth experience.
Goal: Find out how the egg behaves in fresh and salt water.

Conclusion: An egg sinks in fresh water. In salt water it floats to the surface. If you pour in fresh and salty water in turn, the egg floats in the water column.

Fifth experience.
“Can paper be glued together with water?”
We take two sheets of paper, move them one way and the other in the other direction. We wet the sheets with water, press lightly, squeeze out excess water, try to move the sheets - they don’t move.

Conclusion: Water has a gluing effect.
Sixth experience.

Conclusion: the ice melts and turns into water, thanks to the humidity the plant receives nutrition.

Seventh experience.

Conclusion: people use water in different ways.

Eighth experience.
Purpose: Steam is also water.

Conclusion: water evaporates.

Ninth experience.
Purpose: Some substances dissolve in water, some do not dissolve"

Conclusion: Sugar dissolved in water, and sweet water was obtained.

Tenth experience

Conclusion: Water changes color.

Conclusion
During the study, we expanded the child’s knowledge about water, introduced them to the causes of pollution of water bodies and measures to protect them, and taught them to take care of water and save it.
They taught us to understand and realize how important water is in nature and what properties it has.
Based on the results of the work, it was noted: all animals on the planet, plants, trees feed on water;
Icicles and snow melt from any heat source, turning into water.
Water has no smell, color or taste.
Perhaps this will solve the global problem of humanity in the future. After all, first of all, before changing the world, start changing yourself.