Dangerous kiss? Is HIV transmitted through a kiss? Is HIV transmitted through a kiss, how can and cannot be infected with the Herpes virus at the initial stage of HIV infection

Dangerous kiss? Is HIV transmitted through a kiss?

Science has long established that HIV spreads through human body fluids.

This fact makes many couples in love worry, one of the partners in which is HIV-positive. Unfortunately, many people do not know that HIV is transmitted only through certain biological fluids - blood, intimate secretions, sperm and mother's milk. Can HIV be transmitted by kissing through saliva? In theory, this is possible - only for this you need to drink more than 4 liters of saliva.

If your significant other is HIV positive, should you give up kissing? How likely is it to become infected with HIV? To answer these questions, let's take a look at the statistics. They try to register every case of HIV and identify the cause of infection. This is done in order to take measures and prevent other people from becoming infected in the same way. According to statistics from the US Centers for Disease Control, only one case of HIV infection through kissing has been recorded. But the infection occurred through a partner’s bite, and not through a simple kiss. At the same time, blood was noticeable and the wound was open. Scientists have determined that the infection in this case occurred through blood, and not through saliva.

The saliva of HIV-positive people contains the virus, like any other liquid, but in very small concentrations. 15 years of work by specialists studying HIV have shown that it is almost impossible to become infected through saliva. The danger appears only if there are open bleeding wounds in the oral cavity. Only then does the likelihood of infection become real, and in this case it is better to exclude kissing. However, a simple kiss on the lips cannot harm you. If there are no cracks, ulcers or open wounds on your lips and mouth, then you can kiss safely.

However, even knowing that HIV cannot be transmitted through a kiss, it is important to remember that the possibility still exists. Therefore, you should not be too unprincipled when choosing the person with whom the kiss will happen. In the end, no one can guarantee that a stranger will not bite you when kissing, as in that single case of HIV infection through a kiss. Therefore, you should kiss, as well as have sex, only with a reliable person in whom you are completely confident. Even if your partner is HIV-positive, you must completely trust him, only in this case the likelihood of infection will approach almost zero.

Today, when it is easy to obtain any information, it is very important to be information literate, it is important to have information, it is important to clearly know what can affect your life. You should not believe rumors that may be very far from the truth. Any information must be verified, otherwise your loved one may suffer. Today there are many examples of discordant couples in which one of the partners is HIV-positive. And such couples live happy lives, no different from couples in which both partners are HIV negative. The main difference is preventive measures and accuracy during sexual intercourse.

Patients diagnosed with HIV and AIDS have not surprised anyone for a long time. Society has learned to treat such diseases as a normal set of circumstances, and patients do not feel like such, since the development of medicine allows them to feel like full members modern society.

Is plastic surgery necessary for immunodeficiency?

Having learned from a patient or from an examination about an unpleasant diagnosis, few plastic surgeons will undertake to operate on patients with HIV or AIDS. This is understandable: instead of directing efforts towards a high-quality result, the operating team will have to be three times more focused on issues of personal safety.

This is a difficult psychological aspect that specialists do not want to experience during surgery.

In addition to worries about personal safety, a true professional surgeon is unlikely to allow himself to risk the health and life of such a patient.

Is it even possible to have plastic surgery with HIV? Complications with immunodeficiency can naturally be expected to be greater than in a healthy patient. Among other things, carriers or patients with AIDS are constantly on special therapy, and the use of anesthesia and other medical supplies, practiced during and after plastic surgery can also affect the patient’s health.

Should plastic surgery be done for HIV patients? If the decision about plastic surgery is made and the patient’s immunity is almost normal, there is every chance of a favorable outcome of the operation.

Note from a plastic surgeon

“I recently completed an internship in plastic surgery in Barcelona. So in Spain a whole state has been created. program to support HIV-infected patients, including in the field of plastic surgery. Unfortunately, in Russia this is not so well developed and many plastic surgeons simply do not undertake such operations. In general, plastic surgery is not contraindicated for such patients, but it is a personal decision for each surgeon whether to undertake it or not.

Another thing is that, like any other patient, HIV-infected patients must undergo preliminary tests before surgery, and only on the basis of these tests can a conclusion be made - whether the operation will affect the patient’s health or not, whether it is contraindicated for him or not. Come for a consultation, get tested. Each case is individual, but in my practice there have been many such patients for whom I have performed plastic surgery.”

Plastic surgeon Anastasia Sergeevna Borisenko does not always, but does plastic surgery for patients diagnosed with HIV, but in any case you must first come to a preliminary free consultation and get tested. Only after this will the final decision on the operation be made. You can sign up for a free consultation using this link.

You can also get acquainted with the operations that Anastasia Sergeevna performs by following the link -.

Although the ways of spreading HIV infection have already been well studied, reports from time to time appear in the press about supposedly real cases of transmission of the virus through kissing and even in a household way. A sensational conclusion is usually drawn from this: they say that no one fully knows exactly how and when one can become infected, and no one is immune from this.

The argument for such statements, according to those who spread them, is the fact of the presence of HIV in saliva. Currently, there is even a special test for the immunodeficiency virus, by which infection is determined not by blood, but by saliva. Is all this really true? Can you get infected with HIV through a kiss or casual contact? Let's try to understand these issues.

Methods of transmission: where is the danger?

As a reminder, it is worth mentioning science-based, proven methods of transmission. This:

through blood and its products (through transfusion or direct contact);
vaginal discharge and semen;
breast milk.

These body fluids of an HIV-positive person contain a large number of virus, therefore they are sources of transmission of infection. What about saliva? HIV actually exists there, but its concentration is negligible and insufficient for infection.

And this fact is confirmed by numerous studies. Here's something you can think about. From the time the immunodeficiency virus became known to the present day, research in this area has not stopped. Yes, scientists do not yet fully understand the principle of HIV action in the body and its ability to adapt. However, transmission methods and penetration methods have long been studied. And there is no known case of contracting the virus through saliva.

In addition, if it were really possible to “catch” HIV through a kiss, the likelihood of infection would also exist through coughing, runny nose and sneezing. In this case, probably the entire population of the planet would be sick. However, as we see, this does not happen. Therefore, we can definitely say that HIV-positive people can kiss healthy people. This is confirmed by many years of research by scientists at the US Center for Disease Control. But there is one “but” here too.

Precautionary measures

As we have seen, saliva itself is not dangerous. But the danger lies elsewhere - in blood. That is, if there is blood in the saliva of an infected person's mouth and if there is blood in the mouth of a healthy person, there is a possibility of infection.

What conclusions can be drawn from this? If neither you nor the other person has scratches, ulcers, or bleeding gums on your lips or mouth, you can kiss without danger to your health. If such problems are present, they need to be treated. And in the meantime, refrain from passionate kisses. It is in this, and not in sensual caresses, that love and concern for someone else’s health will be manifested. However, kissing the cheek, neck, etc. in this case does not pose any danger, so there is no need to completely refrain from showing affection.

Knowledge brings responsibility

The likelihood of contracting HIV is most often associated with behavior: promiscuity and intravenous administration drugs. Of course, there are other ways of infection, for example, through transfusion of infected blood. However, the first two methods are the most common. Therefore, it makes sense, when talking about HIV prevention, to pay attention to lifestyle.

The opinion that HIV can be transmitted as and when you want, in turn, seems to absolve you from responsibility and does not encourage you not to change anything in your life. Everyone knows that there is a risk of infection, but most still believe that this will never affect them personally. We all like to think that the problem will go away. In fact, the risk of infection can be significantly reduced if you adhere to moral standards of behavior.

Thus, knowing the truth about HIV imposes responsibility and, at the same time, eliminates the unreasonable fear of infection.

If you kiss someone infected with HIV

The most common method of infection with this pathogen is unprotected sex, which accounts for more than 70% of reported HIV infections worldwide. However, many people are concerned about the question: is HIV and AIDS transmitted through saliva if there was no sexual contact with an infected person, but there was a kiss? Or when using the same dishes with an infected person? How else can you and how can you not get infected with AIDS? There's an answer!

Is it possible to get AIDS and HIV through a kiss?

Scientific fact: To become infected with HIV infection through saliva, you need at least two liters of infected saliva, since the concentration of the pathogen in the salivary fluid is negligible! With an ordinary kiss with an infected person, infection with the virus is almost impossible.

The risk increases somewhat if both kissers have bleeding wounds in their mouths, but even in this case, infection can only occur if there is a high concentration of the virus in the blood, and the kiss should be deep and long. Not a single case of HIV transmission through kissing has been identified in couples in which one of the partners is infected.

Moreover, you should not be afraid of contracting AIDS when sharing utensils with an HIV-infected person. Even if the infected person’s saliva contained droplets of blood (although you are unlikely to drink from a bloody glass), the virus dies very quickly in air. Dried liquid containing HIV is not dangerous.

Routes of transmission

The concentration of the pathogen that can lead to infection is contained in only four biological fluids: blood, vaginal secretions, semen and breast milk. All possible ways HIV infections are associated with the entry of these fluids into the body healthy person through blood or damaged mucous membrane.

Methods of contracting AIDS:

Unprotected sexual contact. The most common method of infection with the virus, and the risk increases with anal sex due to the high probability of damage to the rectum (only the “receiving” partner can become infected). During oral sex, the danger of infection is minimal, and also exists only for the “receiving” party, if there are ulcers and wounds in the mouth.
Injection route. The second most “popular” method of infection in the world, and the first in Russia in 1996-1999. But it is dangerous not only for drug addicts; the pathogen can be transmitted in a medical facility through poorly sterilized instruments.
From mother to child. An HIV-positive mother can pass the virus to her baby during pregnancy (low chance), childbirth, or breastfeeding. When carrying out special therapy during pregnancy, using cesarean section and artificial feeding, the risk of infection of the baby is low.
Organ transplantation HIV-infected person or blood transfusion.
Occupational infection. Occurs when a healthcare worker comes into contact with the patient’s blood.

In what ways can you not become infected with AIDS?

Most of the scary rumors about possible routes of infection with the causative agent of immunodeficiency are unfounded. HIV is not transmitted:

Find out what are the first symptoms of AIDS?

Which incubation period for syphilis, read our article.

Infections transmitted through saliva

Although the likelihood of contracting HIV through kissing is practically excluded, you should not “relax”. With a passionate kiss, you can catch not only a banal ARVI, but also a serious illness. The most dangerous infections transmitted through saliva:

herpes,
cytomegalovirus,
human papillomavirus,
bacterial meningitis,
Hepatitis B,
Infectious mononucleosis,
syphilis.

AIDS is a real threat But you shouldn’t give in to panic after an accidental kiss or other contact with a possible HIV carrier. Remember the following:

AIDS is not so easy to contract if you take simple precautions, the main one being using a condom with a partner you are not sure about.
HIV is not transmitted through handshakes, saliva, airborne droplets, or any household methods.
Saliva is an excellent breeding ground for many serious infections, therefore, avoid frivolous tactile contacts with unfamiliar people.
Do not give in to unreasonable fears, but pay close attention to your health - and the risk of contracting AIDS for you will tend to zero.

PREVENTION OF HIV TRANSMISSION

HOW CAN YOU GET INFECTED WITH HIV?

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) does not spread easily. You can only become infected with HIV if infected blood or sexual fluids enter your body. You cannot become infected through mosquito bites, coughing or sneezing, household objects, or by swimming in the same pool as someone who has HIV.

Some talk about "shared body fluids" as a risk factor for contracting HIV, but there are no documented cases of HIV contracting through sweat, saliva or tears. However, even a small amount of blood in your mouth is enough to transmit HIV through kissing or oral sex. Bleeding may occur from brushing your teeth, from sores caused by gum disease, or from eating hot or spicy parts of food.

In order to infect someone, the virus must pass through the body's defenses. These include skin and saliva. If your skin is not broken or cut, it protects you from infection through blood or sexual fluids. Saliva contains chemicals that help kill HIV in the mouth.

If infected HIV blood or sexual fluid enters your body, you may become infected. This can happen through open sores or wounds if you share injecting drug equipment.

HIV can also be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth. This is called "vertical transmission". A baby can also become infected through contaminated breast milk. Booklet 611 has more information about pregnancy. Babies who drink breast milk from an HIV-infected woman may also be at risk of contracting HIV.

HOW CAN YOU PROTECT YOURSELF AND OTHERS?

If you are not 100% sure that you and the people you spend time with are not infected with HIV, you need to take steps to prevent infection. People who have become infected recently (within the last 2-3 months) are more likely to pass HIV on to others. This is when their viral load is highest. In general, the risk of transmission is higher when viral load levels are high. This brochure provides an overview of HIV prevention and refers you to other brochures for details on specific topics.

You can avoid any risk of contracting HIV if you practice abstinence (don't have sex). You also won't get infected unless your penis, mouth, vagina, or rectum comes into contact with another person's penis, mouth, vagina, or rectum. Safe activities include kissing, erotic massage, masturbation, or mutual masturbation.

It is safe to have sex in a monogamous (committed) relationship if:
both of you are not infected (HIV negative)

You both only have sex with your partner

Neither of you is at risk of contracting HIV through drug use or other activities.

Oral sex has a lower risk of infection than anal or vaginal sex, especially if there are no open sores or blood in the mouth. Booklet 152 provides more information on risk levels various types behavior.

You can reduce your risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases by using barriers such as a condom. Traditionally, condoms were placed on the penis; new condoms are designed for the vagina or rectum. For more information, see brochure 153.

Some chemicals called “spermicides” can prevent pregnancy, but do not prevent HIV infection. They may even increase the risk of infection if they cause irritation or swelling.

For more information on safer sex, see booklet 151.

If you're under the influence of drugs, you may forget to use protection during sex. If you use other people's tools (needles, syringes, pots, cotton wool or rinsing water), you can become infected with a very small amount of blood. The best way To avoid infection - do not use drugs.

If you use drugs, you can prevent infection by avoiding injecting drugs. If you inject drugs, do not share equipment. If you have no other choice, clean your tools with bleach water before each use. Booklet 154 describes drug use and HIV prevention in more detail.

Some communities have exchange programs that provide free clean syringes to people so they don't have to share syringes.

Without preventive treatment for HIV-positive women, at least 25% of children are born infected. The risk of infection is reduced by approximately 4% if a woman takes AZT during pregnancy and childbirth, and if the newborn receives AZT. The risk is 2% or less if the mother is taking combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). Cesarean section delivery does not appear to reduce the risk of transmission if the mother's viral load is less than 1000 copies.

Children can become infected by drinking breast milk from HIV-infected women. HIV-positive women should use baby formula or breast milk from uninfected women to feed their children.

For more information about HIV and pregnancy, see Brochure 611.

Contact with blood

HIV is one of many infections that are transmitted through blood. Be careful when helping someone with bleeding. If your job involves contact with blood, make sure you protect any cuts or open sores on your skin, as well as your eyes and mouth. Your employer must provide gloves, face masks and other protective equipment, as well as training various issues prevention of diseases that are transmitted through blood.

WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I AM AT RISK OF INFECTION?

If you think you have been exposed to HIV, talk to your doctor or go to a public health facility and get tested. For more information on HIV testing, see booklet 102.

If you believe you have been exposed, call your doctor immediately to discuss taking antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). This is called "post-exposure prophylaxis" or PEP. You will take two or three drugs over several weeks. These drugs may reduce the risk of infection, but they cause some serious side effects. More detailed information is in brochure 156.

HIV does not spread easily from person to person. To become infected with HIV, infected blood, sexual fluid, or breast milk must enter your body. HIV-positive pregnant women can pass the infection to their newborns.

To reduce the risk of HIV transmission:
Use condoms during sex

Don't share injecting equipment

If you are HIV positive and pregnant, talk to your doctor about taking ARVs.

If you are an HIV-positive woman, do not breastfeed your baby.

Protect cuts, open sores, eyes and mouth from contact with blood.

If you think you have been exposed to HIV, get tested and talk to your doctor about taking ARVs.

Is HIV transmitted through kissing?

KV asked a specialist from the Republican Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, psychotherapist Roza Mukhametova, to explain the situation:

— No, HIV infection is not transmitted through saliva. The concentration of virus in it is not enough to cause infection. Therefore, in the entire history of the study of HIV and AIDS, not a single case of infection in this way has been recorded. Scientists have proven that only four liters of HIV-infected saliva contains a concentration of the virus that is dangerous for infection. But you know, it’s impossible to swallow it all at once. If HIV infection were transmitted this way, the whole world would now be infected.

- When is it not transmitted?

— HIV infection is not transmitted through household contact. Infection will not occur through handshakes, group sports, sharing dishes, cutlery, towels, or insect bites. The concentration of the virus in tear fluid and urine is also low, so infection through them is also impossible.

— But what if there are bleeding wounds in the mouth of a person with HIV-positive status? Let’s say there’s a bad tooth that’s bleeding...

— Theoretically, this is possible. But such cases of transmission of this infection have not been registered in the world.

— Roza Nurgalievna, please remind us how HIV is transmitted?

— There are three ways of transmitting HIV infection. Sexual route - unprotected (that is, without a condom) vaginal, anal and oral sex. Parenteral - through contaminated blood - occurs when sharing or reusing non-sterile instruments - syringes, needles and other injection equipment, someone else's razors, piercing instruments. And vertical – transmission of HIV from mother to child. An HIV-positive mother can pass the virus to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, and while breastfeeding the baby. However, this can be prevented. A child born to an HIV-positive mother can be born healthy. Today, medicine knows quite a lot about how to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. As a result, 98% of HIV-infected mothers give birth to healthy babies.

Liquid bubble on the lips - a clear sign activation of the herpes virus.

The rash can appear on different parts of the body and even in internal organs. They get rid of it using external means and oral medications.

When asked whether there can be herpes in the mouth, doctors answer “yes.” Moreover, small bubbles form on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, palate, gums, tongue, surface of the pharynx and tonsils.

Causes of oral herpes

Herpes in the mouth appears as a result of human infection with the herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. Herpes simplex penetrates the nerve plexus and waits for favorable circumstances to occur, after which it makes its way through the nerve axons to the skin and provokes its inflammation.

Various factors contribute to the activation of herpes on the oral mucosa:

Stress.
Avitaminosis.
Weakness of immunity.
Frequent colds.
Surgical intervention.
Oncological pathologies.
Increased physical activity.
Chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment.
Exposure to low or high temperatures.
Hormonal fluctuations in women during menstrual days.

It is easy to catch a herpes infection through kissing, unprotected sexual contact, incl. and with oral sex, as well as when using common hygiene supplies. The risk of infection increases when the partner goes through an acute stage of the disease or has specific rashes on the lips or oral mucosa.

In carriers of the herpes virus, the disease may be asymptomatic. However, such people become a source of infection, because the pathogen is present in their saliva, blood, and tears. From here follow the routes of infection with herpes - sexual, contact, airborne, transfusion and transplacental.

Signs of oral herpes

The primary symptoms of herpes in the mouth include tingling, stinging and itching sensations. Next, slight swelling and redness occurs. Eating is difficult due to pain.

At the next stage, bubbles form, which after 3 days burst and turn into painful erosions yellow color. The oral cavity seems dry. Gradually, the ulcers become overgrown with dense crusts that are prone to bleeding. After 10–14 days, the lesions heal without tissue scarring.

Doctors distinguish three degrees of severity of herpes in the mouth:

Mild, asymptomatic. But if you carefully examine the oral cavity, you will notice swelling of the delicate mucous membrane and small wounds. Slight fluctuations in body temperature are possible.
Average. This form is characterized by pronounced symptoms with changes in blood composition (they are determined by tests). There is no point in delaying the treatment of moderate oral herpes, because... With timely treatment, the problem is resolved faster.
Heavy. The form is characterized by a sharp deterioration in health and an abundance of rashes on the lips and inside the oral cavity. The body temperature jumps to 40°C, the lymph nodes of the cervical and submandibular zone become inflamed, a blood test shows an increase in ESR.

To clarify the diagnosis, the doctor suggests taking a smear for analysis or doing a biopsy of the herpetic element. This is necessary when the patient is in serious condition, or difficulties arise when making a diagnosis visually.

The difference between herpes and other diseases

People often perceive herpetic rashes in the mouth as signs of stomatitis. Common to both pathologies are painful ulcers that resolve on their own in 1 to 2 weeks.

The following conditions help differentiate herpes from stomatitis:

Herpes simplex affects the area of the mouth adjacent to the bones. Signs of stomatitis are found on inner surface lips, cheeks and throat.
Herpes manifests itself as vesicles, after opening which leave ulcers. With stomatitis, the oral cavity ulcerates immediately.
The herpes virus is localized in one area. Stomatitis affects different places.

Diagnosing herpes in the mouth is not difficult, look at the photo and you will see that it looks the same in adults. The only thing is that the bubbles can be of different sizes.

Therapeutic measures for herpes in the mouth

The correct treatment for herpes in the mouth in adults is considered to be one that is based on an integrated approach. This is the use of medications, the use of vitamins and diet. In the acute period of a herpetic infection, it is important to maintain water balance in the body and drink plenty of clean liquids.

The first signs of the disease must be combated with antiviral drugs:

Acyclovir.
Zovirax.
Megosin.
Famvir.
Valtrex.
Diolin.
Holisal.
Solcoseryl.

In mild forms, oral herpes is treated with topical medications. In advanced cases, take systemic tablets.

Mouth rinses are carried out with salt water, a solution of Furacilin, Miramistin or Chlorphilipt. The pain is relieved with Kalgel (contains lidocaine).

For immune stimulation, patients are simultaneously prescribed special drugs - Decaris, Imudon, Histaglobulin. Multivitamins and lectraves – rosehip, viburnum, echinacea – help increase the body’s resistance to any viruses. Antipyretics are indicated only for significant hyperthermia.

In the presence of purulent ulcers, antibiotics are added to the course:

Biseptol.
Amoxicillin.
Ceftriaxone.

Folk options for fighting herpes

What else, besides medications, can be used to treat herpes in the mouth of an adult patient? Doctors do not insist on using folk remedies, but do not prohibit them, because some techniques turn out to be quite effective.

Aloe. Oral intake of fresh juice squeezed from the leaves. Lubricating the affected mucous membrane with juice.
Fir oil. Used to treat ulcers. The interval between procedures is 3 hours.
Sea buckthorn oil. It is used like fir.
Raisin. Dry grapes are cut in half and rubbed on the wounds 3 - 4 rubles. in a day.
Chamomile, lemon balm, wormwood. The plants are infused for half an hour in boiling water and filtered. Use steam to rinse your mouth.
Ice. Cubes of frozen water are applied to the corners of the lips affected by herpes.
Alcohol. Viral lesions on the lips are wiped with medical alcohol.

Diet

While treating herpes in the mouth at home, you need to switch to a gentle diet that will ease the pain and help the inflammation subside. The patient is allowed to eat only warm food. These can be soups, broths, milk porridges.

For herpes, it is useful to eat foods enriched with lysine and arginine:

Cottage cheese.
Milk.
Butter.

Prevention of oral herpes consists of maintaining immunity. To prevent the virus from recurring, it is important to lead a healthy lifestyle, eat with an emphasis on fortified foods, give up bad habits and not engage in intimate relationships with unverified partners.

P.S. Self-medication, despite our recommendations, is not worth doing. Therapy will be effective only after a thorough examination by a specialist. If you try to treat oral herpes on your own, it may complicate the course of the disease. It will be more difficult to suppress the activity of the pathogen.

HIV infection and candidiasis

1 Reasons for development
2 What are the symptoms that bother you?
3 Features of the flow
4 Diagnosis of candidiasis in HIV
5 What treatment is indicated?

Candidiasis is one of the fungal infections caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. Candidiasis with HIV can be more intense and pose a direct threat to life. This fungus is present in moderate quantities in the microflora of every healthy person. Some people are active carriers of the fungus without experiencing any discomfort. But the pathology in HIV-infected people has obvious manifestations and can cause death. In a supposedly healthy person, it may be a sign of HIV infection.

Reasons for development

Everyone has a fungus of the genus Candida, but it may not cause diseases or pathologies in a healthy person with sufficient body resistance. Development can be triggered by weakening protective function body (local immunodeficiency) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therefore, oropharyngeal candidiasis (affects the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx), which manifests itself in the first stages in 90% of HIV-infected people, is considered one of the markers of a fatal disease.

Candida albicans does not only appear in AIDS. Even those strains and manifestations of the fungus that are found in patients with HIV can be signs of hypovitaminosis, dysbacteriosis, or a consequence of taking antibiotics in a person who is not a carrier of HIV infection.

The danger of the immunodeficiency virus is that it is contained in the biological fluids of an infected person ( sperm, blood, lubricant, etc..). People concerned about their own health are interested in whether HIV is transmitted through kissing, personal hygiene items, or oral sex.

Methods of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus:

Sexual. Having unprotected (without a condom) sexual intercourse with an infected partner;
Through blood. During transfusion, during transplantation internal organs and through honey. tools;
From an HIV-positive woman. During pregnancy (first trimester), childbirth and subsequently - when feeding a newborn with breast milk.

Partners of infected people are worried about whether they can get HIV through a kiss? No, despite the fact that the virus is contained in saliva, its concentration is negligible for further reproduction.

Is HIV transmitted through kissing? No, because:

The immunodeficiency virus does not develop in saliva. Favorable environments for it are: blood, vaginal secretions and sperm. There is cause for concern when coming into contact with one of these liquids, but under certain conditions;
Since the discovery of the infection, not a single case of HIV infection through a kiss with the lips or tongue has been reported. If you need to protect yourself during sexual contact with a partner, then you can kiss without fear;
You cannot become infected with HIV through saliva left on your face after a kiss. It dries out instantly, not allowing the virus not only to multiply, but also to live - it dies in 2-3 minutes.

You can kiss an HIV-positive partner without additional protection, without fear for your own health.

Is it possible to get infected with HIV orally?

The likelihood of oral HIV infection depends on how you use your mouth. If we are talking about kisses, spoons, food or bites, then the transmission of HIV is completely excluded.

However, when having oral sex with an infected person, there is a risk of infecting the receiving partner.

Is HIV transmitted through saliva?

There are no recorded cases of people contracting HIV through saliva. This is due to the fact that the secretion of the salivary glands contains a minimal concentration of the virus, which is not capable of further multiplication.

Agree, if this disease could occur through contact with saliva, then the number of infected people would currently be more than 1,000,000 people. Don’t “wind up” yourself - HIV is not transmitted by airborne droplets (through saliva, coughing, sneezing).

Pay attention to infections transmitted through saliva:

herpes,
syphilis,
cytomegalovirus,
benign lymphoblastosis, etc.

Is HIV transmitted through oral sex?

You are 78% less likely to become infected with HIV through oral sex compared to unprotected vaginal or anal sex.

However, there is a risk if the uninfected partner has:

membrane damage,
disorders of the mucous membrane,
wounds on the skin,
open sores,
other oral injuries.

In this case, the partner must have a high viral load and cuts (other open bleeding injuries) in the genital area. The risk of becoming infected with a low viral load is reduced to zero.

Attention! Use condoms with untested partners, even during oral sex.

During oral sex, it is important to prevent sperm from entering the oral cavity of the receiving partner if he has wounds, since a high concentration of HIV is contained in the seminal fluid.

How can you get infected during lesbian caresses?

Lesbian sex is considered the safest in terms of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus - the risk of infection is reduced to zero. There have not been any cases of transmission of the virus between lesbians, but when used together:

vibrators,
dildos,
other toys for adults,

Is HIV transmitted through personal hygiene items?

The likelihood of transmitting the virus when using the same utensils, as well as:

clothes,
shoes,
combs,
washcloths,
towels,
bed linen,
furniture

Completely out of the question! Even if biological fluid containing a virus (for example, breast milk) gets on the listed items, infection is impossible. All this provides an opportunity for HIV-positive people to undergo treatment in a familiar environment without isolation.

Is there a risk of contracting HIV from a razor or toothbrush?

When considering how the virus can be transmitted, it is worth highlighting the razor, toothbrush, manicure set. These personal hygiene items are 95% more likely to come into contact with blood than all others. Therefore, never use other people's razors and toothbrushes - this is not hygienic and can lead to infection!

How not to get infected

You cannot become infected with AIDS, since acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is the terminal (last) stage of the development of HIV. It occurs in the absence of treatment or incorrectly formulated HAART.

HIV is not transmitted:

In a household way. The immunodeficiency virus dies in the air, so infection during a conversation, when using dishes, clothing and furniture is impossible;
Handshake, hug. The skin is an extremely reliable protection against HIV entering the body;
Insect and animal bites. Firstly, the virus does not multiply in their body, and secondly, blood-sucking insects (for example, mosquitoes) do not allow the blood of the previous victim into the bite;
When visiting the pool, sauna. The pathogen dies in the aquatic environment, so the risk of infection by this method is completely eliminated.

Do not panic and do not invent possible ways of contracting HIV - the methods of transmission of infection have been fully studied.

Why HIV prevention is ineffective in Russia

In Russia, they are “afraid” to talk openly about the immunodeficiency virus - neither parents, nor teachers, nor lecturers discuss this topic with schoolchildren and students, forgetting the people’s truth “ forewarned is forearmed».

Young people do not know about the methods of HIV transmission, symptoms and treatment of infection, viral therapy and the transition to the AIDS stage. What effectiveness of prevention can we talk about in this case?

About 100,000 new cases of infection are registered in Russia every year, but the state still does not provide stable and sufficient funding for private organizations to support HIV-positive citizens.

Today, only state funds against HIV are actively operating and developing, but their responsibilities do not include disease prevention, namely:

informing schoolchildren and students about methods of transmission of infection and prevention of infection,
organization of congresses and conferences aimed at studying the problem of the increase in HIV infections,
producing videos, conducting campaign events in support of infected people.

Did you know that before buying a condom you need to pay attention to its expiration date? That the likelihood of contracting HIV during anal sex is almost 2 times higher than during vaginal intercourse? All this indicates the inadequacy of infection prevention in the Russian Federation.