Vladimir Vysotsky: short biography. Vladimir Vysotsky: brief biography and work of the poet Poet Vysotsky biography briefly

Vysotsky’s biography and his work still excite people’s hearts, although the cult actor and singer-songwriter passed away long ago. How did his star journey begin and why did it end so early?

Biography of Vysotsky. Summary. Childhood and youth

Vladimir Vysotsky was born in Moscow in 1938. During World War II, little Volodya’s father rose to the rank of colonel at the military communications headquarters. The boy looked like his father not only in appearance, but even in his voice. Mother - Nina Maksimovna - was a translator-referent by profession. Unfortunately, two years after the war, the parents of the future actor divorced.

After the war, Vladimir and his mother continued to live in a Moscow communal apartment; there was a catastrophic lack of money. When his father offered to go with his new wife, Evgenia, to Germany to his place of service, his mother let Volodya go. It was in Germany that Vladimir Vysotsky, whose brief biography is in one way or another connected with music, began to become familiar with the art of playing the piano.

Evgenia Stepanovna Vysotskaya managed to become more than just a stepmother to the boy. She took care of him and was close to the poet and actor until the end of his days. As a sign of his special respect for his second mother, Vladimir Vysotsky was baptized in the Armenian church (Evgenia was Armenian).

Civil Engineering Institute

Vysotsky’s biography is a clear confirmation that the actor was restless since childhood. He was acutely aware of injustice, so he often got into fights. He was tenderly attached to his family and friends. Vysotsky loved to read domestic and world literature. At the age of 15, he even attended a drama club led by actor V. Bogomolov. But it was necessary to decide on a future profession, and the strict father did not want to hear anything about the theater institute. This is how Vladimir Vysotsky ended up at the age of 17 at the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering. Kuibyshev to the Faculty of Mechanics.

For six months Vladimir tried to cope with the institute program. The first session was approaching, it was urgent to complete the drawings, without which there could be no talk of admission to the exams. Having suffered with his friend until midnight, Vysotsky deliberately ruined his drawing and declared that “this is not his business.” Knowing that he had another six months to prepare for admission to a theater university, Vysotsky began selecting the repertoire.

Beginning of acting

The Moscow Art Theater School-Studio is where Vysotsky entered in 1956. His biography as an artist was just beginning. One of the teachers of the future actor was Pavel Massalsky, a famous Soviet actor.

Vladimir’s first theatrical role was the role of Porfiry Petrovich, a character from the student play “Crime and Punishment.” At the age of 21, shortly before graduating from studio school, Vysotsky received his first film role. He was involved in an episode of the film “Peers” by Vasily Ordynsky.

Then Vladimir entered the service of the Moscow Drama Theater named after A. S. Pushkin. But during 4 years of work there he did not receive a single leading role. Being content with little is not what Vysotsky was striving for; the actor’s biography is a clear confirmation of this. Therefore, he leaves the Pushkin Theater and goes to serve at the Taganka Theater. He was 26 years old. And three years later Vysotsky played main role in Stanislav Govorukhin’s film “Vertical”, and everyone started talking about him Soviet Union not only as an actor, but also as a singer-songwriter.

Vysotsky: short biography and creativity. Vysotsky - poet

It was after the release of “Vertical” that Vysotsky’s talent as a bard became widely known. Five songs of his authorship were performed in the film (the famous “Song about a Friend”, “Top”), and then were released as a separate album.

Vysotsky, whose short biography cannot do without mentioning his poetic gift, wrote poems since school. But in the 60s, Vladimir began to try to set his poems to music, and this is how his first songs began to appear.

At first, the so-called “thieves” theme was close to him. This is quite strange, because as a person from a good family, Vladimir Vysotsky had no contact with representatives of the criminal world.

Ultimately, the actor left behind 200 poems and 600 songs. He even wrote a poem for children. Since the texts still played a dominant role in his songs, we can consider that about 800 poetic works came from Vysotsky’s pen.

Vysotsky's musical talent

Vladimir did not immediately pick up the guitar. He knew how to play the piano, accordion, and then began to tap rhythms on the body of the guitar and sing his own poems or others’ poems to them. This is how Vysotsky’s first songs appeared. After his triumph in Vershina, the biography of the author-performer began to be replenished with new film projects, for which he wrote soundtracks.

Although Vysotsky was immediately classified as a bard, connoisseurs of musical art can confirm that his manner of performance cannot entirely be considered bardish. Vladimir Vysotsky himself was categorically against such a classification of his work. From his numerous interviews it is clear that he “does not want to have anything to do with them.”

The topics that the singer-songwriter touched on in his songwriting are replete with variety: politics and love lyrics; songs about friendship (“If a friend suddenly appeared”), about human relationships; about courage and perseverance (“Top”). And even humorous first-person stories about inanimate objects (“Microphone Song”) are found in his repertoire.

Film career

Vysotsky, whose biography and work are widely known not only within former USSR, but also abroad, he did not play many leading roles in films. In fact, until the age of 30, he played in episodes or supporting characters.

For the first time in the film “Vertical”, Vladimir got one of the main roles. This was followed by the melodrama “Brief Encounters,” where, in tandem with Nina Ruslanova and Kira Muratova, Vysotsky becomes the central hero of a love triangle.

Then there were other notable characters: Brodsky from the tragicomedy “Intervention”, Ivan Ryaboy from “The Master of the Taiga”, Georges Bengalsky from “Dangerous Tours”, Ibrahim Hannibal from “The Tale of How Tsar Peter Married the Arab”. But the most colorful and striking role was to be played much later - in 1979.

“The meeting place cannot be changed”

The crowning achievement of Vysotsky’s acting career can rightfully be considered the legendary Gleb Zheglov from the TV series “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.” Not only the character, but the film itself as a whole has become a cult favorite. The texts voiced by the actors turned into aphorisms. And the image of Zheglov, if you are careful, is still visible in many heroes of modern films about criminal investigation.

It is noteworthy that after the publication of the novel by the Weiner brothers (on which the film was based), Vysotsky personally came to visit them and confronted them with the fact that if a movie was made, he would play the role of Zheglov.

However, when the chaos swirled around the Weiners’ new novel, and Stanislav Govorukhin had already approved Vysotsky for the role, according to the director’s recollections, Vladimir came to him and asked him to find someone else: the actor admitted that he could not waste time, since he “didn’t have much time left.” Vysotsky's creative biography was nearing its end. Vladimir understood this and wanted to leave behind more songs and poems. But Govorukhin persuaded him, and filming began.

Thus, Soviet cinema acquired a new colorful hero - the principled and decisive Gleb Zheglov.

Vysotsky's directorial experience

Vysotsky's biography includes cases when the actor acted as a screenwriter ("Signs of the Zodiac", "Vienna Holidays"), but he did not make a single film as a director. Although there was a case in his life when he managed to prove himself in the director’s role - during the filming of the film “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.”

Vladimir has a direct bearing on the fact that Stanislav Sadalsky’s character “Brick” appeared in the film. There was no lisping pickpocket in the Weiner brothers' novel. This image was created during filming after a corresponding proposal from Vladimir.

For reasons beyond his control, the director of the film, Stanislav Govorukhin, had to leave the set. At such moments, he left Vysotsky to lead the process. In particular, the scene of the interrogation of the suspect Gruzdev was completely staged by the actor.

First marriage

Vysotsky's biography - bright and rich - of course, could not do without women. The actor married early for the first time - at the age of 22 - to Iza Zhukova, with whom he studied at the Moscow Art Theater. She was a little older than him - a third year student. Moreover, Iza already had one marriage behind her.

Vladimir met a girl while participating in a joint student play. In fact, since 1957 they lived together. The wedding took place when both received diplomas.

But as in any early marriage, the spouses did not calculate their strength, or rather, Vladimir did not calculate. He was young, he was still drawn to noisy companies with gatherings until the morning and drinking. Iza, on the contrary, was counting on home comfort and a quiet family life. Thus began a series of endless quarrels.

They didn't live together for even four years. The divorce was not finalized immediately. Since Isolde bore the surname Vysotskaya, she recorded her illegitimate son, who appeared after their separation from the actor, under the surname of Vladimir.

Second marriage

Vysotsky’s student marriage did not end his family biography. Vysotsky is remembered with a certain amount of bitterness by his second wife, Lyudmila Abramova, who, by the way, gave him two sons.

Vladimir met Lyudmila in St. Petersburg during the filming of “The 713th Requests Landing” in 1961. Vysotsky was still officially married to Isolda Zhukova, and Abramova in 1962 already gave birth to his first son, Arkady. Two years later Nikita was born. The whole family lived in the same apartment with Vladimir’s mother, Nina Maksimovna.

But this marriage did not last more than five years. In 1970, the divorce was officially filed, and Vysotsky had a new lover.

Third marriage with Marina Vladi

One day, the famous French actress Marina Vladi saw Vysotsky playing on the stage of the Taganka Theater in one of the performances. The biography and personal life of these people changed dramatically after meeting in 1967.

The novel between Marina Vladi and Vysotsky is one of the most discussed and famous. Marina Vladi, a world celebrity, was amazed by the self-confidence with which Vladimir sought her. In 1970, the defense collapsed, and Vladi became the actor’s wife. But family life in the full sense of the word did not work out for them. The main difficulty is the “iron curtain”, which did not allow the spouses to see each other when they wanted.

Marina Vladi did a lot for the career of her beloved man. She sought to have his poems published abroad, even organizing a musical tour for Vysotsky in America and Europe. But even then Vladimir suffered from alcohol addiction, a little later - from drugs. Therefore, Marina had to face not only positive features her husband’s character, but also with very difficult trials.

Death

It is noteworthy that immediately before his death, Vysotsky was going to break up with Marina, who had endured inconvenience for 12 years for his sake, sacrificed her career, etc. When the actor was 40 years old, he became interested in eighteen-year-old Oksana Afanasyeva. Marina Vladi was in France and still considered herself his wife, while Vladimir had already bought wedding rings and made an agreement with the priest who was supposed to marry him and Oksana. But this did not happen - on July 25, 1980, he died of a myocardial infarction.

Since the 60s, Vysotsky suffered from alcoholism. The biography and photos of the popular actor and performer became more and more in demand, and his “inner restlessness” grew at the same time. Vysotsky was a very emotional person, he had many fears, he partially suffered from lack of fulfillment, and alcohol was a way to drown out everything that he did not want to show to other people.

Repeatedly, the actor’s kidneys failed and serious heart problems arose; once he suffered clinical death. Doctors saved Vladimir with the help of morphine and amphetamine. Vysotsky himself understood that he needed to stop drinking alcohol. But, unable to find the strength to give up ethanol-containing drinks, he found a replacement for them - drugs. It is reliably known that by the age of 39, Vysotsky began to inject himself regularly.

Numerous trips to hospitals did not help. Doctors noted that Vladimir had a psychological need for stimulants, so the treatment was not productive.

An autopsy was not performed after the death of Vladimir Vysotsky. Doctor Anatoly Fedotov, who was next to the actor at the time of his death, suggested that a myocardial infarction killed him.

So many people gathered for Vysotsky’s funeral that Marina Vladi involuntarily compared the procession to a “royal one.” Despite his addictions, Vladimir Vysotsky managed to win people's love.

The main secret of the charm of Vysotsky as a person, as well as his creativity, is the complete sincerity of the author. According to a survey conducted by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion in 2010, modern Russians consider Vysotsky to be a person who stands on the pedestal of idols right after Yuri Gagarin. And this name can no longer be erased from the history of Russian culture.

Biography

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he and his mother, Nina Maksimovna, were evacuated to the Orenburg region. In the summer of 1943 they returned to Moscow.

On September 1, 1945, I went to first grade at Moscow School No. 273. Two years later, in 1947, he left with his father and stepmother for Germany - the city of Eberswald. After staying there for two years, in October 1949 he returned to Moscow. He settled in Bolshoy Karetny, 15. He studied at the 186th boys' school and in 1955 graduated from 10 classes. In the same year he entered Moscow Engineering and construction Institute named after Kuibyshev, but after a few months, at the beginning of 1956, he left the institute.

In the summer of 1956 he entered the Moscow Art Theater School. Nemirovich-Danchenko to the acting department for the course of B. I. Masalsky and A. M. Komissarov. In May 1958, he married Isolda Zhukova, a student at the Moscow Art Theater School. In June 1960 he graduated from the Moscow Art Theater School. He got a job at the Moscow Drama Theater. A. S. Pushkin, then to the Miniature Theater.

In 1961, the first song was written - “Tattoo”.

In the fall of 1961, in Leningrad, he met film actress Lyudmila Abramova, his future second wife. In November 1962, Vysotsky and L. Abramova had their first son, Arkady.

According to some sources, there is information that at this time Vladimir Vysotsky began to abuse alcoholic beverages, and in May 1964, at the insistence of his parents, he went to the hospital for the first time and was treated for alcoholism. In August 1964, his second son, Nikita, was born.

Since September 1964, the creative life of Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky has been connected with the Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater, where he was enrolled in the staff of actors. In 1965, the first solo concerts were held in Moscow. By that time, he had already written about a hundred songs.

In June 1966, the premiere of “The Life of Galileo” took place at the Taganka Theater. Starring Vladimir Vysotsky.

In the summer of 1966, he starred in two films: “Vertical” and “Brief Encounters.” The first flexible disc with Vysotsky’s songs from the film “Vertical” was released. In 1967, he starred in the films “Two Comrades Served” and “Intervention.” (The latter film was not released during his lifetime).

In July 1967, in Moscow, he met the French film actress de Polyakoff Marina-Catherine, better known to us as Marina Vladi.

In March 1968, Vysotsky was fired from the Taganka Theater, then re-accepted with many reservations.

August 1968 - poems for the songs “Wolf Hunt” and “Bathhouse” were written in Siberia.

In July 1969, the first clinical death.

In the summer of 1973, he went to the West for the first time - to France. In the same year, the first two giant discs with Vysotsky’s songs were released in the USA

In the spring of 1975, Vysotsky and Vladi received a separate three-room apartment on Malaya Gruzinskaya, 28.

May 10, 1978 was the first day of filming for the film “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.” Filming ended in February 1979.

1979 - starred in his last film - “Little Tragedies”.

"Hamlet".

From above - I’m tossing between...”

Gruzinskaya, 28.

He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery in Moscow.

He played more than 20 roles on the theater stage, 8 on the radio

Starred in films:

- “Peers” (Petya)

- “Career of Dima Gorin” (Sofron)

- “Sinner” (correspondent)

- “713 requests landing” (American sailor)

- “Shore Leave” (Peter)

- “The Living and the Dead” (The Jolly Soldier)

- “Free kick” (Alexander Nikulin)

- “Our house” (mechanic)

- “On Tomorrow Street” (Peter Markin)

- “The Cook” (Andrey Pchelka)

- “I come from childhood” (Volodya)

- “Vertical” (Volodya)

- “Short meetings” (Maxim)

- “Two comrades served” (Brusnetsov)

- “Master of the Taiga” (“Pockmarked”)

- “Dangerous Tours” (Nikolai Kovalenko)

- “White explosion” (political instructor)

- “Echo of Distant Snows” (“Gray”)

- “Fourth” (he)

1973 - “Bad Good Man” (Von Korren)

- “The only road” (Solodov)

- "Mr. McKinley's Flight" (Bill Segger)

- “The One and Only” (Boris Ilyich)

- “How Tsar Peter Married Arap” (Ibrahim Hannibal)

The meeting place cannot be changed" (Gleb Zheglov)

- "Little tragedies"

Vysotsky’s creative heritage is fraught with many mysteries. Serious research began not so long ago, and there are still many debates, discoveries, and different versions to come.

One of the first to evaluate his work as a poet was the critic N. Krymova. In January 1968, in the magazine “Soviet Variety and Circus” she wrote:

“...Vysotsky appears on stage as a songwriter - poet and composer. As much as the Taganka Theater is not like the Bolshoi Drama Theater in Leningrad, Vladimir Vysotsky is not like Yursky or Receptor. The theater shaped this actor in its own image and likeness, and in this form he appeared on the stage - a chansonnier from Taganka. A special type of our, domestic chansonnier. We can be proud that he has finally appeared. He appeared and immediately supplanted those performers of pop songs who are obediently attached to their accompanists, someone else's text and someone else's music. A new living character did not even enter, but burst onto the stage, bringing a song where everything was merged together: text, music, interpretation; a song that you listen to as a dramatic monologue. Vysotsky’s songs are born in him, live in him and largely lose their viability outside his manner of performance, outside his nervous pressure, outside his diction, and most importantly - the infectious energy of thought and feeling, outside his character.”

If we try to define Vysotsky’s place in the history of our culture in one word, then the most accurate one will be: the personified conscience of the people.

That’s why he is the people’s favorite, that’s why there has been a mass pilgrimage to his grave on Vagankovsky for many years now, that’s why there is an endless sea of ​​flowers at his monument, that’s why any reminders of him are in great demand - books, booklets, cassettes, records. During his lifetime, he became neither popular, nor honored, nor a laureate. He was not awarded any official awards or titles. But it has truly become popular. His talent, his creativity were thus a miraculous monument.

He denounced the vices of our demoralized society without moralizing, without patronizing notes. Prose was alien to him. The meaning was the struggle for the return of the absolute: honor, conscience, dignity.

He knew how to suffer from common grief, he knew how to feel and point out the pain points of society.

It is impossible to retell the content of his poems, although the best of them are original little dramas. Following one after another, now funny, now sad, now genre pictures, now monologues spoken from a person with a pronounced individuality, now the author’s own reflections on life and time, they all together give an unexpectedly vivid picture of this time and the person in it with unexpected philosophical content - this gives a special effect.

Vysotsky’s talent is very Russian, of a folk type, but this, in itself, charming type is subordinated to intelligence, the ability to think independently and fearlessly generalize what he sees. Vysotsky is courageous not only in appearance, but also in his mentality and character. Fortunately, there are no self-confident intonations in his poems; he thinks more about life and looks for solutions rather than asserting anything of which he is completely sure. But he thinks, rejecting any possibility of compromise and spiritual resourcefulness. Fearlessly, without hesitation, he brings out the result of his search, hoping that he will be understood.

Vysotsky puts internal tension and a high concentration of emotional energy into his characters.

“Vysotsky did not exaggerate his importance, his gift. Maybe even underestimated it. However, he knew his calling, took it seriously, honestly and was faithful to it to the end, and therefore his strength grew, surprisingly.” These are the words of Yu. Karyakin from an article dedicated to the memory of Vysotsky.

Yuri Shatin in his work “Vysotsky’s Poetic System” wrote: “...It is unlikely that we will ever fully decipher this plan... Vysotsky’s artistic thinking is fundamentally two-dimensional in nature: the empirical, everyday plane corresponds to the philosophical and ideological plan about the development of thought, goodness and art .

The characters not only verbally embody the author’s ideas, but also have an independent world. There is a rigid border between the two worlds; crossing it can only be organized violence against the plot, taking both the plot and the hero into a new hypostasis. Here there is no longer reincarnation, but ecstasy in the exact meaning of the word. We, spectators or listeners, are required to recognize several possible worlds, which are represented by different modes of artistic language. The transition to another is always overcoming the first... ...each poem is a complete text, and at the same time, each time it is subordinated to a more complex whole, organized in the form of a performance or a poetic concert. But the text of a song or poem itself is not just a fragment, but rather a cell that reflects the laws of the whole. The integrity of the plan, therefore, regardless of its further fate, is initially not mechanical, but organic in nature; the development of the whole proceeds according to an internal plan and does not allow arbitrary gluing together of individual parts

There is every reason to believe that any text by Vysotsky is constructed as an organic integrity and reproduces the indicated patterns. In the completed work, the structure cannot be observed with the naked eye; it is hidden by the artistic fabric. Required x-ray analysis in order to see the skeleton behind the flesh that holds it and provides the possibility of movement.

You can love or not love the poetry of V.S. Vysotsky - this is a matter of taste and conviction. You can understand his enormous contribution to the development of Russian and world art of speech only in one way - by studying the basic properties of artistic language, translated into the structure of a poetic text.

The existence of Vysotsky’s poetry in the minds of his contemporaries was too different from everything that we knew until now. Almost no one read the poet’s poems during his lifetime, despite the fact that everyone heard the songs. Such an existence could not but give rise to a stable idea of ​​the bard, song-like character of all Vysotsky’s work. Of course, this idea is partly true: approximately two-thirds of the poems became songs, and the remaining third was not accessible to the vast majority of readers for a long time.

What made Vysotsky’s poetry so popular among different people, in different social and age groups? Most likely, the recognition of life situations in his poems. The same recognition led to the rejection of his poetry. Vysotsky covered a huge thematic and genre spectrum with his work. Unlike most poets, his lyrics are alien to autobiographical experiences; they are largely focused on the poetic representation of situations.

The goal of most of Vysotsky’s poems is to take off the reader’s rose-colored glasses, ridicule his complacency and plunge him into the world of the highest values ​​of human existence. Vysotsky's poetry leaves no chance for salvation in an unchanging reality. The poet's poems are an artistic prophecy about powerful cataclysms, of which we are now participants and witnesses.

In his prophecies, V.S. Vysotsky relied on historical and poetic experience, inexhaustible reserves of which are embedded in our culture and seem to await new Columbuses.”

His numerous poems reveal the genre nature of lyrics in all its diversity. Only taking into account such diversity can one understand how the genre is transformed in a single work.

Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky wrote his last poem in 5

Days until death:

And there is ice below, and above - I toil between:

Should I punch through the top or drill through the bottom?

Of course, surface and don’t lose hope!

And then there’s the matter of waiting for visas.

The ice is above me - break and crack!

I'm all sweaty, even though it's not from the plow.

I'll return to you, like the ships from the song,

Remembering everything, even old poems.

I am less than half a century old - forty-something -

I am alive, I am protected by you and the Lord.

I have something to sing when I appear before the Almighty,

I will have something to answer to Him.

Best of all, in my opinion, the work of V. S. Vysotsky was characterized by

Evgeny Yevtushenko:

The power carried you on its shield, like an ancient hero,

Now it doesn’t matter that sometimes she was unfair.

You were scolded and loved, and gossip crawled all over the earth,

But your recordings were heard both in the gateway and in the Kremlin.

Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky was born on January 25, 1938 in Moscow. Volodya's parents separated when he was five years old. Due to constant disagreements with his stepfather, he left with his father and his new wife in 1947 to the city of Eberwald (Germany), from where he returned in 1949. At the same time, Volodya was diagnosed with a heart murmur.

In 1955 he entered the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, but after a few months he took his documents from there. In 1956, he began studying at the Moscow Art Theater School and two years later he got married to student Isolda Zhukova.

1959 was marked by his first role in a film. The year 1960 was marked by the end of school and the beginning of work at the Moscow Pushkin Drama Theater, where the actor was always involved only in the crowd. In 1962 and 1964, Vladimir had two sons.

1964 - transition to the Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater, where two years later Volodya will play his first leading role in the production of “The Life of Galileo.” In 1965, Vladimir gave his first solo concerts, his repertoire at that time already included more than a hundred songs, his first sold-out shows, and he actively acted in films.

In 1967, a fateful meeting took place with a native of France, Marina Vladi, with whom he would marry two years later. In 1969, Vladimir Semyonovich experienced his first clinical death, as a result - one kidney completely failed and the liver was destroyed, which was due to excessive addiction to alcohol. 1971 - Vladimir plays the main role in the play “Hamlet”.

In 1973, he went on his first tour to France and released two discs in the USA. 1978-1979, a significant role in the film “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.” On July 25, 1979, the actor experiences his second clinical death in Bukhara, and only thanks to his doctor and friends who were nearby, Vladimir returns to life. Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky died on July 25, 1980 in his apartment and was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.

Vladimir Vysotsky, whose biography will be presented in this article, is a Russian poet, performer and songwriter, actor. He was born in 1938, on January 25, in a maternity hospital in Moscow, located at Shchepkina, 61/2.

Vysotsky's parents

The parents of the future poet are Semyon Vladimirovich Vysotsky and Nina Maksimovna Seregina. They lived together for about five years. Vladimir's father met another woman at the front and therefore left the family. Nina Maksimovna remarried after some time.

Young Vladimir's relationship with his stepfather did not work out from the very beginning. This man had no authority in the boy's eyes. Apparently, this was one of the reasons that Vysotsky asked his own father take him to Germany with you, where, as an officer of the Soviet Army, Semyon Vladimirovich was sent to serve in January 1947.

Life in my youth

Vladimir Vysotsky, whose biography interests us, until October 1949 lived with his father and his second wife, Evgenia Stepanovna Likholatova, in the city of Eberswalde, in a military garrison. Then the family was returned to their homeland. The father went to serve in Kyiv, and his wife and Vladimir settled in Moscow, in Bolshoi Karetny Lane, in house No. 15. Evgenia Stepanovna lived here with her first husband, who died before the war.

Vysotsky was excused from physical education classes in the seventh grade due to ill health. Doctors discovered a murmur in his heart. They advised Volodya's parents to make sure that the boy behaved moderately - he jumped and ran less.

Company from Bolshoi Karetny

Vova, starting from the seventh grade, began to skip classes often. Sometimes he would be absent for up to a month a year. He visited the Hermitage, the garden theater, where famous artists performed, as well as cinemas located nearby: “Moscow”, “Screen of Life”, Metropol”, “Central”, etc. After visiting these places, a noisy company usually gathered at Levon Kocharyan’s apartment , who lived in the same house as Vysotsky, several floors above. Here friends played cards, listened to music, and drank. According to the recollections of Marina Vladi (the wife of Vladimir Semenovich, about whom we will talk later), Vysotsky first tried wine at the age of 13. this company from Bolshoi Karetny.

Faculty of Mechanics

Vladimir Vysotsky (the biography compiled by us only briefly describes the main events of his life and work) in 1955 entered the mechanical faculty of the Civil Engineering Institute. But he didn’t study there for long - he dropped out of school after three months, firmly deciding to enter drama school.

Study at the Moscow Art Theater

In the summer of 1956, Vladimir Vysotsky applied to the Moscow Art Theater and entered there the first time, to the surprise of his loved ones. Visits to the drama club, led by V.N., helped. Bogomolov. During his studies, Vladimir Semenovich met a girl who became his first wife. Her name was Iza Zhukova. She was in her third year and was a year older than Vladimir. The acquaintance occurred at the moment when Vysotsky was invited to participate in the play “Hotel Astoria” - course work third-year students. He played the silent role of a soldier in it.

Iza Zhukova becomes Vysotsky's first wife

Vladimir Vysotsky will create songs for theater and cinema a little later. At this time, he was captivated by work in the theater and attended all rehearsals. Quite quickly, in a word, he became a friend among the third-year students, which was not too difficult given his sociable character. At the same time, I became closely acquainted with Iza Zhukova. He began dating this girl, and in 1957, in the fall, he persuaded her to finally move from the hostel on Pervaya Meshchanskaya to live with him. The girl only had a small suitcase, so this move did not cause much trouble for the young couple.

The wedding took place only in May of the following year (1958), when Iza Zhukova completed her studies and received a diploma. At the insistence of Vysotsky’s parents, she was celebrated at Bolshoy Karetny.

Iza was by that time an independent girl, so for her family life was not burdensome. The same could not be said about the 20-year-old artist. Even after becoming a family man, Vladimir Vysotsky did not change his old habits and continued to visit men’s companies, in which he was much more interested than at home. The young people soon began to have serious quarrels on this basis.

Film debut

Vladimir Vysotsky made his film debut in 1959. In the film "Peers" by Vasily Ordynsky, he played a cameo role as a student at a theater institute. Appearing in the frame only for a few seconds, Vladimir uttered only one phrase: “Chest and trough.”

First performance on stage

Vladimir Semenovich appeared on stage for the first time that same year. He mastered playing the guitar immediately after graduating from school and by that time managed to create several songs of his own composition. He performed them on the stage of the MSU student club and was a success with the public. True, Vladimir Semenovich was not able to sing all the songs then, since P. Pospelov, a candidate member of the Politburo and one of his guards, demanded that the performance be stopped.

Vladimir Vysotsky (biography, whose photos are presented in our article) successfully graduated from the Studio School in June 1960 and was faced with the problem of choosing a place to work. Because of his youth, he wanted thrills and novelty, so Vysotsky chose the Theater. Pushkin. At that time, Boris Ravenskikh, a new director, came to his management. He offered Vladimir only roles in the crowd, which is why he began to have breakdowns, and he began to disappear from the theater more and more often.

Songs, plays and films

Singer Vladimir Vysotsky, whose biography is presented in this article, based his work on the traditions of domestic urban romance. At the Taganka Theater since 1964, he took part in the performances "Pugachev", "Hamlet", " Cherry Orchard" and others. Below is a photograph of Vladimir Semenovich while performing his role in the play "Pugachev".

Vysotsky starred in the following films: “Vertical”, “Brief Encounters” and “The meeting place cannot be changed” (1967, 1968 and 1979, respectively), etc.

Hero of Vysotsky

He had an “avalanche” powerful temperament. The truly tragic hero of Vladimir Vysotsky is a lone rebel, a strong personality, aware of doom, but not even allowing the thought of surrender. In comic genres, Vladimir easily changed social masks, while achieving absolute recognition of his “sketches from life.” In dramatic roles and “serious” songs, a deep force came out, a longing for justice, tearing at the soul. Vladimir Vysotsky (biography, whose personal life in subsequent years is presented below) posthumously, in 1987, received the USSR State Prize.

Trip to Krasnodar region

In 1965, on November 4, the premiere of the play “Fallen and Living” took place at the Taganka Theater. In the same year, cinema offered him two roles: in the films “The Cook” and “Our House”. To participate in the first one in July-August I went to Krasnodar region Vladimir Vysotsky. The biography and personal life of this artist are described in our article, in which we tried to include the most significant episodes related to the life and work of Vladimir Vysotsky. These include this trip, which was necessary as an opportunity to get away from home problems at least for some time. Vladimir did not take the role itself seriously.

However, on this business trip, Vysotsky did not find the necessary peace. He started drinking again, and therefore Keosayan, the director of “The Cook,” was forced to kick him out of filming twice. However, this was not the first and not the last director to do this with Vysotsky. The same story happened at the beginning of 1965 with the actor and A. Tarkovsky.

Seeing how the whirlpool of drunkenness was sucking Vladimir deeper and deeper, relatives and friends attracted Yu. Lyubimov to their side. This was a man whose authority for Vysotsky in those years was indisputable. He persuaded him to go to the hospital.

Marriage to Marina Vladi

On December 1, 1970, Vladimir Semenovich officially registered his marriage with Marina Vladi. Immediately after the ceremony, the newlyweds went on a trip (Odessa-Sukhumi-Tbilisi). Upon arrival in Moscow, a wedding took place on 2nd Frunzenskaya. In mid-January, before the echoes of the feast in honor of the wedding had died down, after a conflict with Lyubimov, Vysotsky started drinking again and went to the Sklifosovsky Institute for three days. Vladi, distraught with despair, packed her things and went to France.

"Hamlet"

Vladimir Vysotsky in 1970, on January 24, almost strangled his wife, tore off the door, and broke the windows. In 1971, on November 29, the premiere of “Hamlet” took place at the Taganka Theater. It was Lyubimov's production. Vysotsky performed the role of Hamlet. This role, without a doubt, became a star in the career of Vladimir Semenovich. The seventies began - a time later dubbed the “era of Vysotsky.” Hamlet formed the image of Vladimir Semenovich as a fighter against the era of timelessness, and served as an impetus for further reflection on his place in the world, the chosen path, the meaning of life.

Concert activities in 1972

Vladimir's creative activity continued to gain momentum in 1972. His concert routes stretch from Moscow to Tyumen. The halls at all performances were always packed to capacity. Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky was already a very popular artist at that time. His biography can be supplemented by the appearance of numerous songs. A whole series of them comes from his pen. They became extremely popular among the people. Vladimir Vysotsky wrote and performed the following songs at that time: “We Rotate the Earth”, “Rope Walker”, “In the Reserve”, “Hymn to the Chess Crown”, “Mishka Shifman”, “Fasicky Horses” (these are only the most famous works among the people) .

Vysotsky again at the Sklifosofsky Institute

In 1977, on April 6, the premiere of “The Master and Margarita” took place at the Taganka Theater (production by Beloved). Vysotsky Vladimir Semenovich, whose biography was already noted at that time successful work in the theater, was supposed to play the role of Ivan Bezdomny. However, he did not bring it to the premiere. At the beginning of April, he was again admitted to the Sklifosofsky Institute, as his body functions had shut down. One kidney did not work at all, the second barely functioned. The liver was severely damaged. Vysotsky was constantly tormented by hallucinations, he had partial swelling of the brain, and he was delirious. When Marina Vladi entered the room, Vladimir Vysotsky simply did not recognize her. The (short) biography of this man’s life is already approaching the end.

Clinical death of Vladimir Semenovich

In 1979, on July 25, exactly a year before his death, Vysotsky experienced clinical death. He went on tour throughout Central Asia at the end of July. Clinical death occurred due to the fault of the artist himself. When Vladimir ran out of drugs, he injected him with medicine used for dental treatment. Vysotsky immediately felt ill. It was only by a miracle that he was saved.

The accident that Vladimir Vysotsky survived

The biography and creativity (briefly) of the last year of his life are marked by the following events. In 1980, on January 1, Vladimir Semenovich had an accident (crashed into a trolleybus) due to the fact that the artist ran out of drugs. Vladimir Vysotsky himself (the brief biography does not describe all the details of this story) was almost unhurt, but his fellow traveler was less fortunate: Yanklovich had a concussion, and Abdulov had a broken arm. Fortunately, the accident occurred opposite the hospital, so the victims were immediately taken there.

An attempt at a cure

In 1980, on January 25, Vysotsky decided on his birthday to try to recover again. Only three guests were in his apartment that day: Shekhtman, Yanklovich and Oksana Afanasyeva. Fedotov (Vysotsky’s doctor) says that they locked themselves with him for a week in an apartment located on Malaya Gruzinskaya. The doctor put Vladimir on a drip, which relieved the withdrawal symptoms. However, psychological and physiological dependence develops from drugs and alcohol. They were able to remove the physiological one, but the psychological one was more difficult...

Death of Vysotsky

In the same year, on July 25, Vladimir’s heart stopped between 3 and 4.30 am “due to a heart attack.” Doctor A. Fedotov gave Vysotsky an injection of sleeping pills at about two o’clock in the morning, and he finally fell asleep, sitting on an ottoman in a large room. Fedotov came home from his shift exhausted and tired. So he lay down for a while and fell asleep at about three o'clock. The doctor woke up from an ominous silence. He rushed to Vysotsky, but it was too late. Cardiac arrest occurred between three o'clock and half past five. It was an acute myocardial infarction, judging by the clinic. This is how Vladimir Vysotsky died. His biography ends here, but his memory continues to live in the hearts of many.

Nationwide love

They still argue about who Vysotsky was more - a poet or an actor. Some argue that his poems and songs are very ordinary, and only the brilliant performance of them by Vladimir Semenovich makes them real works of art. Others believe that none of his roles on screen or stage can compare in terms of talent and originality with the songs that Vladimir Vysotsky created.

His biography and work arouse constant interest. This discussion is legitimate, which will probably never end as long as they remember, watch and listen to Vladimir Semenovich. One side of his creativity is inextricably linked with the other. This must be remembered when we talk about a person like Vladimir Vysotsky. His songs are most often monologues on behalf of various characters: military men, ordinary people, fairy-tale heroes, punks... In recent years, he wrote mainly on his own behalf. The acting, acting, and deeply personal essences of Vladimir Semenovich are mixed in his work. The same mixture can be found in his best roles: on stage - Hamlet and Galileo, on the screen - a White Guard officer ("Two Comrades Served"), a geologist ("Brief Encounters"), a radio operator ("Vertical"), Gleb Zheglov (" The meeting location cannot be changed."

Memory of Vladimir Semenovich

Vysotsky’s songs are relevant and popular today. His style and manner of performance gave birth to a new genre in our country, called “Russian chanson”. Even among greatest personalities Russian art is not lost, Vladimir Vysotsky is not lost. This suggests that his work and life were not in vain. A photo of the monument located in Poland is presented below.

Since 1994, a permanent exhibition has been held on Gogolevsky Boulevard (Moscow), which presents amateur and professional photographs from the life of Vladimir Semenovich.

The annual “Own Track” award named after him was established in 1997. In 1999, Taganka actors staged a play called “VVS” (stands for Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky). In 2013, a film about him was released - “Thank you for being alive.” In Yekaterinburg there is a skyscraper named after Vysotsky (photo below).

So, we introduced you to such an interesting artist as Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky. We have described the short biography as succinctly as possible. However, facts about the life and work of this person can be supplemented. Today, quite a lot is known about such a great artist as Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky. A short biography, memoirs and entire books about him were created by many of his contemporaries. For example, Anatoly Utevsky, a friend of Vysotsky, to whom he dedicated a song called “On Bolshoi Karetny,” created a book about him (“And again on Bolshoi Karetny”). It describes the biography of Vladimir Vysotsky. Its summary (among other sources) was used by us in compiling this article.

Vladimir Vysotsky was realized as a poet in the genre of art song. Vladimir's early works date back to the 60s of the last century. At first they were performed by Vysotsky in a circle of close comrades, and later spread through tape recordings. Vysotsky’s songs were on various topics: street, courtyard, military, camp, etc.

Childhood, youth, training.

Vladimir was born in 1938 in Moscow into a military family. The early years of little Vysotsky’s childhood were spent in a cramped communal apartment. In 1941, his father was called up for military service, and with the advent of war, mother and son were evacuated to the Orenburg region, from where they came back to Moscow 2 years later. At that time, the marriage of Vysotsky’s father and mother was a big question. The separation of his parents influenced Vladimir’s creative activity. His feelings were reflected in the work “The Ballad of Childhood.”

In 1945, the boy Volodya went to school. IN next year he began to live with his father and new wife Semyon Vysotsky.

A year later, Vladimir moved to Germany with his father’s new family, where he began to study music. One of his teachers believed that the boy had perfect pitch.

In 1949, the poet comes to Moscow.

In 1953, Vladimir met the actor Sabinin, thanks to whom he became a member of the theater group. Soon he wrote his first poetic work, “My Oath.”

After graduating from school in 1955, Vysotsky began his studies at the Institute of Civil Engineering. However, after some time he quits studying there in the hope of getting into the theater. The following year, the poet becomes a student at the Moscow Art Theater School-Studio.

Actor and musician.

After studying at the acting school, Vladimir begins creative work at the theater. Pushkin. A little later he writes the song “Tattoo”. In 1964 he became an actor at the Taganka Theater. Here Vysotsky plays in many performances, for example “The Life of Galileo” and “Pugachev”.

In addition, he becomes a film actor and writes songs for films.

Recent years.

In 1978, Vladimir Vysotsky received the highest category of pop soloist. However, during this period, the poet becomes involved in drugs and begins to drink a lot. In 1980, Vladimir Vysotsky dies. The cause of death was heart failure.

While Vladimir Vysotsky was alive, his song works did not receive official recognition. On the contrary, they were persecuted by harsh criticism. Until 1981, no publication published a book of the poet’s texts. The censorship was lifted only after his death, and then only partially. The legalization of his work began only in 1986. Since then, the publication of Vysotsky's works began. Some researchers of his work assess Vysotsky as an important figure in shaping the views of Russian society.

Option 2

Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky was born on January 25, 1938 in Moscow. His father was a military man, and his mother worked as a translator and assistant. During the war, Vladimir and his mother were forced to move to the Urals for two years, and then after evacuation they returned to the capital. But Vysotsky spent little time in Moscow. After being married for five years, the parents divorced. The father married again and moved with his son to occupied Germany, where Vysotsky began learning to play the piano, and his mother soon got married. Vladimir continued to communicate with both parents, but the future musician’s relationship with his stepfather did not work out, therefore, after leaving Germany in 1949, the young man settled in Moscow with his father’s family. In the capital, he became close to groups who sang songs with a guitar in the courtyards, and became interested in playing this instrument.

Already in school years Vysotsky began to show interest in the theater. He attended a drama club for some time, but did not yet know that acting would become a part of his life. After graduating from school, Vladimir Semenovich entered the Institute of Civil Engineering, but then realized that his destiny was to become an actor, and decided to apply to the Moscow Art Theater School-Studio. At the end of it, Vysotsky changed several Moscow theaters and even tried to get into the Sovremennik Theater. The heyday of his acting career occurred during his work at the Taganka Theater. Vysotsky dedicated 16 years to him: from 1964 until the last days of his life. At the Taganka Theater his talent was embodied in the images of Hamlet, Pugachev, Galileo, Svidrigailov.

Vladimir Semenovich wrote poetry from an early age, and in 1961, inspired by the example of Bulat Okudzhava, whom he considered his teacher, he set them to music. This is how Vysotsky’s first song appeared. The musician's legacy amounts to about 1000 songs. Among them are those that Vysotsky wrote for films. Vladimir Semyonovich received roles in thirty feature films. Despite his talent, people's love and active creative activity, Vysotsky did not receive official recognition. His songs were distributed only on tapes, his poems were not published, and his concerts were banned. The poet’s wife, Marina Vladi, supported him in organizing a concert tour in the United States, and also introduced Vladimir Semenovich to famous actors and musicians in Europe.

Throughout his life, Vysotsky was passionate about cars. Marina Vladi often gave him cars, including the actor’s first foreign car, a Mercedes. Vysotsky loved to drive at high speed and often crashed his cars.

For many years, Vysotsky suffered from alcohol addiction and smoked at least a pack of cigarettes a day. This caused the musician to have heart and kidney problems. The situation was aggravated by the fact that doctors used narcotic substances to treat Vysotsky, which he later began to use regularly.

On July 25, 1980, Vladimir Vysotsky was found dead in his apartment. The cause of his death is not known, since the poet’s relatives did not consent to the autopsy. According to one version, Vysotsky died due to asphyxia, according to another - from myocardial infarction.

Detailed biography

In winter, on January 25, 1939, the future great - poet, actor and performer of songs written by himself - Vladimir Vysotsky was born in Moscow. Takes 2nd place in the list of “Russian idols of the 20th century”, making a concession to Yuri Gagarin.

Childhood years

Little Vova lived in a communal apartment with his father and mother: Semyon Vladimirovich and Nina Maksimovna. At the beginning Patriotic War, the boy was only 4 years old, during this period, his parents decided to divorce. Five years later, despite all the difficulties in life, Volodya is interested in and regularly practices music. A year later, he unexpectedly becomes interested in theater, as a result of which he begins to attend a theater club.

After school, the young man entered the Moscow Institute of Construction, but dropped out of school after some time, since there was no attraction to this activity. The craving for the theater takes over, and Vysotsky enters the Moscow Art Theater. After his first appearance on stage, the rest of his life was connected with the theater.

Vysotsky's creativity

Vladimir was interested in poetry back in school age, but began to create thoroughly in this area in the 60s. However, despite attracting people, he did not take his songs seriously. Every day, Vladimir Vysotsky gained popularity, performed at various concerts, received many awards, all the while managing to arrange his personal life. But he was in conflict with the USSR government. The authorities did everything to prevent the artist’s songs from being distributed.

As a result of great moral stress, Vysotsky began to drink, which caused another set of problems. But Vladimir coped well with all the difficulties, without ceasing to pursue his favorite hobbies. He wrote almost 600 songs and about 200 poems. In 1978, he was awarded the highest category of vocalist and pop soloist. Despite health problems, in the last years of his life, Vysotsky did not stop giving concerts in front of the public, while simultaneously performing in the theater.

Death of Vladimir Vysotsky

Vysotsky’s health was not all right. The use of drugs and alcoholic beverages did not go without a trace. In 1969, the first attack in his life occurred with serious consequences. A year later, he was diagnosed with a persistent drug addiction. And later it turned out that he couldn’t live without it even for a day.

On July 25, 1980, Vladimir Vysotsky died, he was 42 years old. He had a presentiment of this, telling his family. The cause of his death is not clear, since they decided not to perform an autopsy, but his mother was sure that Vladimir was killed by narcotic substances.

Vladimir Semenovich died many years ago, but his memory still remains in our hearts.

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Vysotsky Vladimir Semenovich, (1938-1980) Russian poet and actor

Born on January 25, 1938 in Moscow in the family of a military signalman. In 1947-1949 lived with his father and his second wife in the city of Eberswalde-Finow (Germany), then returned to Moscow.

While studying at school, Vysotsky studied in a drama club and wanted to enter a theater institute, but at the insistence of his parents, he passed exams at the Moscow Construction Institute named after V.V. Kuibyshev, from which he soon left. In the summer of 1956 he entered the School-Studio named after V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko at the Moscow Art Theater.

After graduating from the studio (1960), he worked at the Moscow Drama Theater named after A. S. Pushkin and at the Moscow Theater of Miniatures. Then he started acting in films.

In 1964 he was accepted into the Moscow Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater, where he worked until the end of his life. The artist played more than 20 roles on the Taganka stage, of which the most famous is the role of Hamlet from Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name.

In 1960-1961 Vysotsky's first songs appeared. During his life he created about a thousand of them. Not officially recognized, bypassing radio, television, and print, thanks to tapes, Vysotsky’s songs became known to everyone.

Many songs and ballads were intended for films. In 1966, Vysotsky starred in the film “Vertical” and wrote five songs for it. In total, he played in 30 feature films. The last years of Vysotsky's life were dramatic. Despite his nationwide popularity, he could not achieve the publication of his poems or the release of records; suffered greatly from the persecution unleashed in the press. He was sick from overexertion, and in 1979 he suffered clinical death.

He died on July 25, 1980 in Moscow, and was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery. Only after his death was the first collection of his poems, “Nerve” (1981), published.

In 1987, for the role of MUR captain Gleb Zheglov in the five-episode television film directed by S. S. Govorukhin “The meeting place cannot be changed,” he was posthumously awarded the USSR State Prize.