Treatment of the urethra in women. Urethritis in women - symptoms, causes and treatment. Macrolides in the fight against urethritis

Urethritis in women refers to diseases that are much more common than reported cases. The reasons are associated with mild symptoms of inflammation of the urethra and a rare isolated course of the disease. Much more often, the disease is observed simultaneously with cystitis, pyelonephritis - "under cover" of other lesions of the urinary and reproductive systems.

This feature worsens the prognosis of cure, because such a course of urethritis is the root cause of ascending infection. And attempts to treat it on their own without medical help and examination only aggravate the form of inflammation, contribute to chronicity.

What is this disease?

Urethritis is an inflammatory process that affects the walls of the urethra, that is, the urethra.

In women, the disease occurs with almost the same frequency, but due to the erasure of symptoms, women in many cases do not go to the doctor, and it remains unrecognized. And this is unfavorable, since the lack of timely and adequate treatment contributes to the chronicity of the inflammatory process, creates the preconditions for the development of an ascending urinary tract infection.

Reasons for the development of urethritis

Inflammation of the urethra most often has an infectious origin. The causative agents of the disease can be staphylococci and streptococci, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Proteus. All these microorganisms live in the genital tract of every woman, but normally they do not lead to the development of the disease.

The occurrence of urethritis can be triggered by the following factors:

decreased immunity;
trauma;
hypothermia;
stress;
exacerbation of other diseases of the urinary and reproductive spheres.

The cause of urethritis in women can also be, and. These microorganisms are very insidious and often lead to the formation of chronic pathology. Chlamydial and mycoplasmal urethritis is quite difficult to treat, and not always doctors manage to avoid the development of complications with this infection. It is chlamydia and mycoplasma that are one of the most common causes infertility in women of reproductive age.

Non-infectious urethritis in women occurs as a result of trauma to the urinary tract, and also as a manifestation of allergic reaction. In most cases, this pathology activates its own opportunistic flora. Secondary inflammation develops, according to signs no different from the manifestations of infectious urethritis.

Classification

Urethritis is classified into groups of infectious and non-infectious diseases. The causative agents of urethritis of the infectious group can be bacteria, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, Trichomonas, gonococci, viruses, ureaplasmas, gardnerella and others. In turn, the bacterial pathogens of urethritis are divided into specific and (chlamydia, gardnerella, etc.) and nonspecific (E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci).

Symptoms

The main symptoms of urethritis in women (see photo) include:

redness (hyperemia) of the vulva and external opening of the urethra;
burning and pain at the time of urination - pain with urethritis persists all the time of emptying the bladder;
itching of the vulva and vagina, which increases immediately before the onset of menstruation;
purulent discharge from the external opening of the urethra - their color can vary from whitish to rich yellow and greenish (depending on the pathogen).

In chronic urethritis, the main complaint of a person is the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen, in the suprapubic region - its intensity is very slight, and it is rarely paid due attention to, which makes it difficult to diagnose the disease in a timely manner.

Symptoms of specific urethritis

A more vivid clinical picture will be when affected by specific agents:

Trichomonas. A few weeks after infection, symptoms of the Trichomonas urethritis variant will be observed - intense, exhausting itching, not stopped by local baths and frequent showers. An unpleasant burning sensation in the area of the inflammatory focus, as well as in the genital area. When the process is chronic, the symptoms disappear.
Gonoea. For gonorrheal urethritis in the acute stage is characterized by a sharp soreness with pain when emptying the bladder. A distinctive feature is a pronounced discomfort in the projection of the urethra with a delay for any reason of urination.
Candida (fungus). Often, urethritis provoked by fungal microflora is disguised as. A woman is worried about severe pain when visiting the toilet room. In addition, whitish, viscous discharges are observed. Symptoms are moderate.
Chlamydia. The defeat of chlamydia in most cases is completely asymptomatic. Women most often do not pay attention to mild itching. Concern is caused only by discharge that appears by the end of the first month after infection.
Mycoplasma. The mycoplasmal variant of urethritis develops gradually, the patient may be disturbed only by slight itching, as well as discomfort during the act of urination. Timely detected urethritis in a woman, with treatment carried out according to accepted standards, contributes to a quick recovery.

The specialist will decide how to treat urethritis in a particular woman after determining the causative agent of the infection. Self-medication is unacceptable.

Chronic urethritis

The chronic form of the disease in the stage of remission is asymptomatic, with relapses it has the following symptoms: there is a frequency of urge to urinate and a slight separation of urine at the same time, discomfort in the intimate area. Other manifestations characteristic of the acute form of the disease are absent.

In the case when inflammation of the urethra occurs in conjunction with cystitis or thrush (colpitis), the symptoms may include both discharge and soreness of the female genital organs. Urethritis and cystitis are very similar ailments in terms of symptoms, so they can only be recognized with the help of a diagnosis. The patient must be shown to a specialist.

Diagnostics and tests

It doesn’t matter what kind of chronic or recurrent urethritis a woman has, the first method for diagnosing a disease is a doctor’s examination and laboratory tests, which include:

bacteriological urine culture to determine which medications will be most effective in each case;
a general urine test, which detects the number of leukocytes - this is the fastest method for determining inflammation in the urethra;
a three-glass urine sample, which makes it possible to determine the localization of the inflammatory process for implementation differential diagnosis between pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis;
analysis of discharge from the urethra if mucus or pus is released from the urethra;
smears from the urethra to detect the concentration of leukocytes and sensitivity to antibiotics;
ureteroscopy - a study with the introduction of medical equipment directly into the urethra to examine its mucous membrane.

Additional studies if necessary: ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography (X-ray), urethrocystoscopy (examination of the bladder).

Complications of urethritis

It is clear that the most undesirable complication of urethritis is its transition to the last stage, when no treatment can calm the pain and other unpleasant symptoms. In addition, the process of inflammation can spread, including to bladder, provoking cystitis, which happens very often. In more serious cases, the disease spreads to the kidneys and develops.

Running chronic urethritis can cause deformation of the urethra and subsequently its narrowing. Fortunately, such cases rarely occur.

Treatment of acute urethritis

The general treatment regimen for urethritis in women includes:

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed as soon as the diagnosis is made, without waiting for the results of bakposev. With non-gonococcal urethritis (if no sexually transmitted infection is detected in the smear), antibacterial drugs of different groups are used in the treatment of women, of which azithromycin, clarithromycin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, amoxiclav, etc. are most often prescribed.
Local treatment: medicinal herbs in the form of decoctions with anti-inflammatory properties (calendula, chamomile, knotweed) and antiseptic solutions (potassium permanganate) in the form of trays.
Physiotherapeutic treatment - electrophoresis, warming applications.
Installations into the urethra of uroseptics - chlorhexidine, protargol, collargol.
Compliance with the diet: pickled, spicy, salty, smoked foods are excluded, a large amount of liquid is shown and the transition to lactic acid foods.
Exclusion for the period of treatment of alcohol, smoking, restriction physical activity, sexual contacts, hypothermia.

The main and most effective method treatment of urethritis in women and men is antibiotic therapy (with the exception of diseases with viral and fungal etiology). The choice of antibiotic is very important for the effectiveness and usefulness of treatment - the identified causative agent of urethritis should be highly sensitive to the selected drug.

The treatment regimen depends on the type of urethritis that occurs in a woman:

Type of urethritis	Therapy
Gonococcal	Antibiotics are indicated for gonorrheal urethritis: erythromycin, spectinomycin, oletethrin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, rifampicin, cefacor, etc. those that have a detrimental effect on chlamydia. But in each case, the drug is selected individually.
Chlamydial	With chlamydial urethritis, antibiotics from the tetracycline group (tetracycline, doxycycline), erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, clinafloxacin have proven themselves well.
Trichomonas	With trichomonas origin of urethritis, the following is prescribed: the antimicrobial drug metronidazole (trichopol), as well as the drugs of choice - benzydamine, imorazole, ornidazole, chlorhexidine, iodovidone suppositories.
Candidiasis	Candidal urethritis requires the use of antifungal drugs: levorin, nystatin, natamycin, amphoglucamine, clotrimazole.
Viral	With a viral origin of urethritis, treatment is indicated antiviral drugs- ganciclovir, aciclovir, ribavirin, famciclovir, penciclovir, etc.
Mycoplasma	Mycoplasma urethritis is treated with antibiotics from the tetracycline group (doxycycline, tetracycline).
non-specific	With nonspecific urethritis, broad-spectrum antibiotics are indicated: cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone); sulfonamides (sulfazol, urosulfan); macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin); fluoroquinolones (clinafloxacin).

With urethritis, antibacterial drugs with a wide spectrum of action are initially prescribed. This is done in order not to waste time and not start an infection, since bacteriological examination and setting the sensitivity of bacteria take some time.

Also during the period of treatment should:

avoid hypothermia;
refrain from sexual intercourse (even with a condom) until a complete cure;
strictly follow the rules of personal hygiene.

In addition, it is recommended to limit the consumption of fatty, sour, spicy, salty foods. It is imperative to normalize the drinking regimen and drink at least one and a half liters of free liquid (in addition to liquid in dishes) per day.

What is needed for prevention?

To prevent urethritis, a woman should exclude possible ways of infection. For this:

Do not neglect personal hygiene, regular washing with the use of weak disinfectants;
You should be more selective about sexual partners, exclude unprotected sex and casual contacts;
Exclude from food products that irritate the urinary organs (spicy spices, pickles, canned food, smoked meats);
Do not use for hygiene alcohol solutions, soap, leading to severe irritation of the urethra;
Monitor the condition of the teeth, treat tonsillitis and other acute bacterial infections in a timely manner;
Dress according to the weather, avoid hypothermia, do not wear trousers that sharply squeeze the stomach (cause stagnation in the pelvis).

Although urethritis is not a fatal disease, it leads to serious disruptions to a woman's health.

Forecast

With timely detection and active treatment, urethritis in women usually ends in recovery. The transition of the disease to a chronic form may be accompanied by the development of complications, which worsens the prognosis.

Currently, experts distinguish such methods of treatment of female urethritis:

The appointment of antibiotic therapy, which consists in determining the type of drug in the treatment of female urethritis by diagnosing the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to the drug.
The appointment of immunomodulatory agents that serve to strengthen the immune system during the treatment of female urethritis.
Complete rejection of food and drinks that harm the body of a woman (alcohol, coffee, spicy and spicy foods).
Complete sexual abstinence, and if there is a permanent partner, treatment of urethritis in a woman and a man at the same time (in the case when urethritis is provoked by a sexually transmitted disease).
Refusal of tobacco and smoking mixtures.
Reducing the amount of sugar consumed.
Plentiful drink, and drinks should be non-carbonated and non-alcoholic.

It is important to know

During the treatment of urethritis in women, it is necessary to completely exclude synthetic materials from underwear and choose only natural ones that do not irritate the skin. Also, for some time, you should forget about thongs - this model of panties contributes to the entry of urethritis pathogens into the urethra.

In the treatment of urethritis, it is necessary to determine which form of urethritis in a woman is specific or nonspecific.

For nonspecific urethritis or, more simply, purulent inflammation, the symptoms are similar to other types of urethritis, regardless of the type of pathogen.

The main causative agents of nonspecific urethritis are streptococci, staphylococci and Escherichia coli.

Treatment of nonspecific urethritis is based on the use of the following broad spectrum antibiotics:

cephalosporins;
tetracycline and doxycycline;
macrolides (erythromycin and clarithromycin);
sulfonamides;
fluoroquinolones.

Initially, the doctor prescribes a broad-spectrum drug in order to affect the maximum possible number of urethritis pathogens. After receiving the results to determine the sensitivity of the causative agent of urethritis to an antibiotic, another drug may be prescribed that accurately affects this species pathogen.

For specific urethritis characterized by an infection transmitted through sexual contact.

The reason for getting specific urethritis is infection with pathogens such as gonococcus, Trichomonas, Candida fungus, chlamydia, mycoplasma.

Depending on the causative agent of a particular type of specific urethritis, various drugs are prescribed, which will be discussed later.

The treatment regimen for female urethritis with drugs is determined by the attending physician based on the patient's state of health and how the disease itself proceeds. The main task in determining the course of treatment is to identify the type of causative agent of urethritis and select the most effective antibiotic to combat it.

If the immunity of a patient with urethritis is greatly weakened, then immunomodulators and a vitamin course are additionally prescribed. Treatment of urethritis can be carried out with tablets, injections, vaginal suppositories or instillations (infusion of medicine into the urethra) with a special catheter. A good help in the treatment of female urethritis will be folk remedies - decoctions and infusions.

In a healthy state of the body, women prescribe the following drugs for the treatment of female urethritis:

antibiotics: treatment is usually carried out with norfloxacin, amoxiclav, nolicin, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, azithromycin, etc.;
additionally use antiseptic solutions to take sitz baths;
instillations into the urethra are also highly effective (carried out with collargol, protargol, chlorhexidine, miramistin);
taking immunostimulants and immunomodulators to strengthen the body in the treatment of urethritis;
vitamin complex.

The choice of the drug, determining the duration of taking the drug and the amount of dosage are determined only by the woman's doctor and only after a comprehensive diagnosis of urethritis, aimed at identifying the causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to antibiotics.

Most likely, the doctor will also prescribe immunostimulants: treatment is carried out with Gepon, Phlogenzyme, Timalin, Cycloferon, Ribomunil, B vitamins, and PP vitamins. It is recommended to eat vegetables and fruits rich in antioxidants.

The choice of drug for the treatment of female urethritis in a pregnant woman is based on the fact that the fetus develops without any damage from the drugs prescribed for the treatment of female urethritis.

The most important thing is to try to avoid getting urethritis in the first trimester of pregnancy, because it is during this period of time that the fetus is at maximum risk of getting pathologies if urethritis is not properly treated in the expectant mother.

As a rule, strong antibiotics are not prescribed, trying to replace them with local treatment. So, for example, if a bacterial form of urethritis is found in a pregnant woman, then various creams, gels and ointments are used.
Safe and highly effective means treatment of urethritis in a pregnant woman are cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks, freshly brewed tea from linden flowers, an infusion of blue cornflower. Berries can be purchased at the supermarket, and herbs can be bought at any pharmacy.
In order for a pregnant woman to remain calm and follow the right course of treatment, it is advisable to place her in a hospital. However, very few people agree to this measure, and the need for this exists mainly in women who have urethritis in the first trimester of pregnancy.

It is important to know

Do not try to prescribe a method for treating female urethritis on your own! It is necessary to know the nature of urethritis, to accurately determine the type of causative agent of this disease: for example, in the case of gonococcal urethritis, the pathogen can reach the fetus and kill it, or cause premature birth. Chlamydial urethritis is no less dangerous: it can provoke a miscarriage.

Thus, when the first symptoms of urethritis are detected in a pregnant woman, it is necessary to immediately consult a specialist instead of trying to diagnose yourself.

When treating female urethritis with drugs during lactation, as well as when choosing a drug during pregnancy, they are guided by the absence possible harm medicines for the child, because the harmful substance of the drug can be transmitted with mother's milk.

The risk of a child being harmed by an antibiotic prescribed is determined by the following factors:

toxicity of the prescribed antibiotic;
drug concentration in breast milk mothers;
in case of ingestion of harmful substances of the antibiotic into milk - the duration of the removal of harmful substances from the child's body;
the duration of the mother's course of treatment with this antibiotic.

It should be noted that pharmaceuticals have now achieved impressive results and only a few drugs that are now used in the treatment of female urethritis are toxic to the organs and tissues of the child. Thus, you can not worry about the child and take a course of antibiotic treatment prescribed by your doctor, while continuing to breastfeed.

The general complex of medication for female urethritis

Treatment of urethritis is possible with a fairly large range of tools. As a result of the diagnosis of a particular type of urethritis, the doctor prescribes antibiotics.

The most common treatment for urethritis is amoxiclav, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin. Additional help will be baths and dousing with antiseptic solutions affected areas to relieve pain for a while.
In the treatment of female urethritis also use special tampons, vaginal suppositories, warming applications. These drugs in the treatment of female urethritis are good because they have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial impurities.
Quite often, antihistamines are used in the treatment of urethritis - suprastin or tavegil. If urethritis is provoked by chlamydia, then apply doxycycline and azithromycin. It is important not to forget about immunostimulating drugs that will help maintain immunity while fighting the disease: you can be treated with phlogenzym, Gepon, thymalin, ribomunil, cycloferon, antioxidants, B vitamins and vitamin PP.

Treatment of urethritis depending on the stage of the disease

If urethritis bothered you for the first time and all the symptoms indicate that it is acute urethritis, then the main treatment is taking antibiotics. To choose the right antibiotic in the treatment of female urethritis, you need to contact a specialist in order to identify the type of pathogen based on the results of laboratory tests.

As a rule, the entire course of treatment of acute urethritis in women takes no more than 2-3 weeks. Treatment of urethritis is carried out at home, only in exceptional cases a woman is sent to a hospital.

Chronic female urethritis is treated much longer than acute.

In addition to antibiotics, immunomodulators are required, and instillations into the urethra may also be included in the course of treatment. special means. With urethral stricture, the urethra is expanded with special instruments.
The most popular immunomodulators are ribomunil, thymalin, gelon or aloe extract. Neovir, benzocaine, sodium oxodihydroacridinyl acetate are also used.
From homeopathic remedies, suprastin, tavegil or miramistin are used.
Patients with urethritis are also recommended to wash the genitals, take baths with decoctions of chamomile or potassium permanganate.

Treatment of urethritis in different types of disease

The choice of a drug for the treatment of female urethritis depends entirely on the factor that provoked the appearance and development of the disease. As mentioned earlier, non-specific urethritis is treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics (eg, cephalosporins).

Treatment of specific urethritis varies depending on the type of pathogen that provoked this disease.

Depending on the type of specific urethritis, the following drugs are distinguished:

For treatment gonorrheal urethritis Erythromycin, Oletetrin are used. Also, this type of urethritis is treated with drugs with a similar name (however, these are completely different antibiotics!) - Cefodisim, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Cefaclor, Cefoxitin and Cefotaxime. Treatment with Metacycline Hydrochloride, Spectinomycin, Oleandromycin, Rifampicin, Spiramycin is popular. Fusidin sodium, Doxycycline Hydrochloride and Tienam may also be used.
Trichomonas urethritis are treated with Metronidazole, Nimorazole, Nitazol, Benzydamine, Cidipol, Chlorhexidine, Iodovidone (vaginal suppositories), Tinidazole, Natamycin, Trichomonacid, Ornidazole, Furazolildone, Miramistin.
Candida urethritis cure with antifungal drugs - Nystatin, Levorin, Levorin sodium salt for the preparation of solutions, Amphotericin B, Amphoglucamine, Natamycin, Clotrimazole.
During treatment mycoplasmal urethritis drugs from the tetracycline group will be effective;
During treatment chlamydial urethritis they use antibiotics that most effectively fight chlamydia - they are treated with Levomycetin, Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, as well as drugs from the Fluoroquinolone group;
During treatment herpesvirus urethritis antiviral drugs will help. Treatment is Ganciclovir, Aciclovir, Famciclovir, Valaciclovir, Ribavirin, Penciclovir.

Urethritis in women is inflammation of the walls of the urethra (urethra). The disease is asymptomatic or with mild symptoms, because of this, urethritis is aggravated, acquires and leads to a number of complications. Prerequisites for the development of pathology is a sluggish inflammation in the genitourinary system.

Causes of the disease

Urethritis in women has 2 forms - specific and nonspecific. The causes of specific urethritis are infectious diseases transmitted during unprotected intercourse.

Syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia can occur in the body for a long time in a latent (hidden), chronic form and not have a pronounced clinical picture. As a result, women may not know that they are sick, and infectious pathologies gradually worsen and lead to complications in the form of urethritis.

Causes of nonspecific urethritis:

The presence of gynecological diseases or the first sexual intercourse does not always provoke the development of urethritis. There are a number of factors, the presence of which greatly increases the likelihood of this disease:

Often the cause of urethritis is chronic or postcoital cystitis. The infectious agent penetrates from the bladder into the mucous membrane of the urethra, causing irritation and inflammation.

Symptoms

A feature of urethritis is that the signs of the disease are mild. Incubation period(from the moment of infection to the onset of the acute stage of the disease) can take from several weeks to months, depending on the condition immune system, the presence or absence of concomitant disorders.

Urethritis of a non-specific nature makes itself felt almost immediately, as soon as an irritating effect has been exerted on the mucous membrane of the urethra. Common symptoms of female urethritis:

burning in the genitals;
itching and pain;
urination is disturbed;
pain in the lower abdomen;
vaginal discharge;
deterioration in general condition.

Allocations with urethritis in women can be of a different nature, depending on the severity of the disease, the causes of its occurrence and the presence of concomitant pathologies of the genitourinary system.

Vaginal discharge may be purulent, with or without blood clots. They are able to stand out from the vagina or urethra. Given the proximity of the location of the organs, a woman cannot always immediately determine where the pus or blood comes from.

Pain with urethritis can be different, aching, dull or acute, intense. Localized in the lower abdomen. There is a symptom during the act of urination, which is why many women confuse urethritis with cystitis, often self-medicating.

Violation of the process of urination with urethritis resembles the symptoms of cystitis - frequent urges, burning and cutting while going to the toilet. Urinary retention is possible. This symptom manifests itself mainly in the complicated course of urethritis, which arose against the background of chronic cystitis or urolithiasis.

The complicated form of urethritis is characterized by such manifestations:

Accompanied by intoxication of the body due to the development of purulent inflammation.
The general condition of the woman is deteriorating.
Body temperature rises, frequent headaches occur, lethargy and drowsiness appear.

This symptomatic picture cannot be called specific. Urethritis is not always manifested by common symptoms, often the only signs of the disease are aching, mild pain in the lower abdomen and slight discharge.

Diagnostics

The examination includes a consultation with a gynecologist, who asks the patient about the symptoms that bother her, draws up a detailed anamnesis (medical history).

A woman is examined on a gynecological chair, a smear is taken. The microflora of the vagina is examined for the presence of infectious diseases transmitted during unprotected intercourse.

It is almost impossible to make an accurate diagnosis after examining and questioning the patient. Therefore, the woman will be sent for a medical examination, which includes the delivery of a number of laboratory tests and the passage of instrumental diagnostic methods, including:

During the examination, in addition to identifying the type of infectious agent, an analysis is carried out for the sensitivity of pathogenic microflora to various antibiotics. The results of the study are used to prescribe treatment and select effective drugs.

Treatment of urethritis in women

Inflammation of the urethra in women is treated comprehensively. It is mandatory to prescribe an antibiotic, the reception of which is aimed at the destruction of pathogenic microflora. Medicines most commonly prescribed to treat urethritis in women include:

Amoxiclav;
Pefloxacin;
Norfloxacin;
Ciprofloxacin.

Which drug is best suited, the doctor decides based on the results of laboratory tests that reveal the type of pathogenic microflora. Many are interested in which doctor treats urethritis. Therapy of the disease is carried out by two doctors - a gynecologist and a urologist.

In addition to antibiotics, the patient is prescribed a course of vitamins to normalize the state of the immune system. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to stop the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder and urethra.

The need for complex treatment is due to the fact that in order to rid a woman of urethritis, it is not enough to eliminate only inflammation and stop the symptomatic picture - it is necessary to treat the root cause: infectious diseases, cystitis and other concomitant pathologies.

They help in the rapid relief of the inflammatory process of the douching procedure. This method is the introduction of a solution of drugs directly into the urethra. For douching, the following means are used:

Miramistin;
Protargol;
Collargol.

Douching is carried out only in the urologist's office.

Other Therapies

Without fail, the diet for urethritis is adjusted. Foods that irritate the mucous membranes are excluded from the diet. It is necessary to abandon spicy and salty foods, marinades, it is recommended to limit the use of fatty, smoked meats and confectionery. Alcohol is completely excluded.

To quickly remove pathogenic microflora from the body, it is necessary to stimulate active urination. A woman is recommended to observe a drinking regimen, consuming at least 2 liters of plain, boiled water per day.

Regular use of berry fruit drinks and compotes is prescribed. Preference is given to cranberries, which not only provoke urination, but also have a beneficial effect on the immune system. More often, tablets are used in the treatment of urethritis, but if the disease occurs in a complicated form, drugs are injected.

With extensive inflammatory processes in the organs of the genitourinary system, it is recommended to use vaginal suppositories for the treatment of urethritis. The advantages of vaginal suppositories, unlike tablets, is that the active ingredients medication penetrate with the bloodstream immediately into the organs of the genitourinary system, quickly stopping the symptoms of the disease and providing a therapeutic effect.

To enhance the effect of medications, a course of physiotherapy is prescribed, these are:

electrophoresis (performed using Furadonin);
application of diadynamic currents to the sacral region.

You need to know how to treat urethritis in women from funds traditional medicine. These are decoctions based on medicinal herbs that help to quickly stop inflammation and soothe irritated mucous membranes of the urinary system. Decoctions based on chamomile, St. John's wort and yarrow are recommended for internal use and washing.

During the period of therapy, a woman needs to refrain from active physical exertion, protect the body from hypothermia and influence stressful situations. Treatment of urethritis includes measures aimed at preventing the recurrence of the disease.

Possible Complications

Urethritis is dangerous for its complications. An inflammatory disease that turns into a chronic stage can provoke a number of pathological processes in the organs of the genitourinary system. First of all, the bladder and vagina suffer from chronic urethritis. Against the background of urethritis that occurred in a woman in the primary form, cystitis, vulvovaginitis and vaginitis often develop.

The consequences of sluggish urethritis are a deterioration in the general condition and emotional background in women. This is due to constant bouts of pain and the presence of discomfort during urination.

Constantly irritated urethra negatively affects intimate life. Burning and itching in the genitals, which a woman experiences for a long time, lead to a decrease in efficiency, cause increased irritation.

Complications provoked by chronic urethritis adversely affect pregnancy. Inflammation of the organs of the genitourinary system can provoke problems with conception and gestation. A depressed immune system makes the body vulnerable to various diseases infectious nature.

Prevention

Prevention of urethritis implies compliance with measures that prevent the appearance of provoking factors. Given the absence of a pronounced symptomatic picture, a woman needs to visit a gynecologist at least 2 times a year as part of a preventive examination in order to identify the disease in time. The frequency of visits to the doctor should be increased for women who have previously been diagnosed with inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.

Since the provocateur of urethritis are infections that enter the body during unprotected intimacy, a woman who has a too active sex life must use a condom when having sex with unverified partners.

You can prevent urethritis in women by observing thorough intimate hygiene, it is especially important to wash yourself before and after sexual intercourse. Preventive measures include the timely treatment of infectious diseases and inflammatory processes in the body.

You can avoid the development of pathology by constantly monitoring the state of the immune system. In autumn and winter, it is necessary to dress according to the weather, protect the body from hypothermia, it is recommended to take vitamin complexes. In summer, you should not be under the scorching sun for a long time and swim in cool water.

Anna Mironova

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A woman who suffers from urethritis can only be pitied. With this disease, life expectancy, of course, does not decrease, but the quality of life drops so much that a woman does not want anything at all, except for recovery - no sex with her husband, no beautiful clothes, no delicious food. What kind of disease is this - urethritis? How does she manifest herself? And how to deal with it?

What is female urethritis?

This disease is inflammation in the urethra , manifesting itself as pain and burning. Urethritis is often confused with, although the diseases have different symptoms. With urethritis, the urethra can hurt without any connection with urination and constantly, with cystitis, the main symptom is pain in the very bottom of the abdomen when urinating. It is worth noting that diseases can occur at the same time .

Chronic urethritis. Risk group

Such a diagnosis can put absolutely any woman. And the more factors conducive to the disease, the higher the chances of getting sick. Main Factors:

Periodic or one time hypothermia.
Violent sexual intercourse, the onset of sexual activity (under specific conditions).
Wrong. The consequence of irritation of the urethra by substances that enter the urine from sour, salty, etc.
Violation of the microflora of the vagina (gynecological diseases).
Decreased local immunity.
Urolithiasis disease.
medical interventions (for example, smears from the urethra, cystoscopy, etc.).
toxic factors.

How does chronic urethritis develop in women?

Conditionally, the disease occurs in three stages. Each of them can last for a very long time, and it is not a fact that one stage will flow into another.

First stage. Accompanied by periodic exacerbations of the disease, expressed in different ways. Such exacerbations appear rarely, pass quickly and do not bother much. Removed with mild antibiotics.
Second phase. Antibiotics help worse and worse, the frequency of exacerbations increases. Pain is relieved only by potent drugs. Life begins from exacerbation to exacerbation and going to doctors who find anything but urethritis.
Third stage. The woman is feeling worse. Pain is felt constantly, antibiotics not only do not help, but even provoke an exacerbation. There is a fear of sex, cold and delicious food.

Symptoms of chronic urethritis

Compared to men, women have a shorter urethra, as a result of which urethritis manifests itself more weakly. That is why sometimes it is asymptomatic, and special attention insignificant signs are not attached at all. Main symptoms:

Purulent discharge from the urethra.
Itching, burning and pain during urination.
Pain at rest.
Redness.

The danger of chronic urethritis for women's health, complications

There are not many complications of this disease.

The most serious the transition of the inflammatory process to a stage at which no treatment can helpe .
Inflammation can go to the bladder and provoke the development of cystitis which, in turn, may contribute to the development pyelonephritis .
Launched urethritis is able to turn around deformity of the urethra and its narrowing.

Treatment of urethritis in a woman should be carried out by specialists such as gynecologist and urologist . But only with the professionalism of doctors can a cure be achieved. Practice shows that the goals pursued by two specialists lead to the fact that the disease remains untreated. That's why the best option is a visit to urogynecologist . There are few such specialists, but with them there are more chances for successful treatment. What are the main stages of treatment?

Restoration of the functional properties of the wall of the urethra.
Restoration of the natural microflora of the vagina.
Restoration of immunity.

Prevention of chronic urethritis

Based on the exclusion (reduction) of factors affecting the violation of the microflora of the vagina and reduce immunity:

Hypothermia.
Hormonal shifts.
Stress.
Irregular sexual relations.
Sexual infections.
Neglect of hygiene.
Antibiotics.
Chronic constipation.
Wrong nutrition.
Sleep disorders.

It is clear that it is almost impossible to exclude these factors. So the best way out is regular examination And preventive treatment with minor symptoms.

Means for the treatment of chronic urethritis

The choice of drug depends on the causes of the disease: antiseptics- for washing the urethra, treatment of the underlying disease, antibiotics- with non-infectious urethritis. Drugs are prescribed only by the attending physician.

Folk remedies for the treatment of urethritis in women

In addition to infusions and decoctions medicinal plants, eat greens and parsley roots, cranberries with lingonberries, beets, celery and carrots.
With exacerbation of urethritis medicinal fees accepted for at least a month.
With additional courses collections of plants should be alternated with single plants.

shown drinking plenty of water, strict diet , the categorical exclusion of alcohol and spicy foods, the intake of methylene blue, antibiotic therapy.

Site site warns: self-medication can harm your health! Use all the tips presented only after examination and on the recommendation of a doctor!

Contrary to popular belief, urethritis is not only a male disease. It is equally widespread in both sexes, but in men it is diagnosed more often, along with prostatitis. This is due to the fact that in women the symptoms are mild or completely absent. Unfortunately, this aggravates the disease, since strong symptoms are already observed in a rather neglected, most often chronic stage. Urethritis is almost always associated with some disease of the genitourinary system of an inflammatory and infectious nature. Of course, it is best to consult a doctor at the slightest suspicion and discomfort.

With urethritis, the walls of the urethra (urethra) become inflamed. In women, it is only 1 or 2 centimeters long, but quite wide. You can look at a schematic photo on the Internet to better represent it. appearance. The anatomical structure determines the ease of penetration of pathogens into the bladder and the absence of urinary outflow disturbances with significant swelling of the urethral mucosa. The disease occurs in the immediate vicinity of the rectal passage, which can cause the spread of infections and the occurrence of intestinal diseases.

Of course, urethritis is not a fatal disease, but it delivers very discomfort interfering with a comfortable life. It is also dangerous with health complications. In women, 2 diseases often occur in parallel - cystitis and urethritis. Cystitis is the simplest complication of urethritis. Therefore, its treatment should be complete and timely - if you start the inflammatory process, then an infection can develop, the complications of which are difficult to treat and are extremely dangerous.

Medicines for urethritis in women should have analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects. It is not recommended to independently choose a means of therapy, because improper treatment will cause irreparable harm in the form of the development of resistance of pathogens to the drug. In addition, it is impossible to independently guess the causative agent of inflammation, which caused urethritis. Doctors, knowing the features of the clinical course of the disease, rely on the result of urine tests. Only after them can you choose effective pills from urethritis in women.

They have anti-inflammatory properties:

antibiotics;
sulfonamides;
nitrofurans.

The doctor may prescribe the drug in the form of vaginal suppositories, tablets, a solution for installing applications and ointments. The choice of medicine depends on the type of disease and severity clinical manifestations.

How is an antibiotic chosen?

The group of these drugs includes natural substances (waste products of plants, bacteria and animals) and their synthetic analogues that kill or break the resistance of infectious particles. The results of sensitivity and flora analyzes are obtained in about a week. At this time, the doctor needs to prescribe a drug that will alleviate the patient's condition. A broad-spectrum antibiotic is usually prescribed, which affects several types of infections at once.

Such drugs include:

Tetracycline and analogues;
cephalosporins;
macrolides.

The drug class names are related to their chemical structure. Aminocephalosporin acid serves as the basis for the synthesis of cephalosporins. They have a strong effect, as they inhibit the enzymes that develop resistance to penicillin. Cephalosporins are divided into four generations according to the breadth of their involvement. Among the drugs in this group there are narrowly targeted drugs that kill staphylococci:

Cefalotin;
Cefazolin;
Cephalexin.

Antibiotics acting on a diverse flora, including Proteus, Streptococcus and Gonococcus - third and fourth generation cephalosporins:

Ceftriaxone;
Cefixime;
Ceftazidime;
Cefotaxime;
Cefoperazone;
Cefepime;
Ceftibuten;
Cefpir.

The tetracycline group contains antibiotics that can suppress the production of protein in a microbial cell. This action of drugs is called bacteriostatic. They stop the metabolic processes in the microbe, which then weakens the pathogenic properties and gradually dies out. Urethral pathogens streptococci, staphylococci are sensitive to this, but they do not affect enterococci and proteus. The most well-known tools are:

doxycycline;
Tetracycline hydrochloride.

Available in creams and gels:

Methyluracil;
Hexicon.

At the disposal of doctors there are combined preparations of antifungal agents and antibiotics. The combination of cephalosporins and tetracyclines reduces their effectiveness. Possessing a bacteriostatic effect, macrolides inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms. They destroy specific pathogens:

The group of azalides (macrolides) includes:

Josamycin;
Azithromycin;
Erythromycin;
Clarithromycin.

Almost all of these drugs are contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation, as they have a toxic effect on the formation of the child and fetus. It is not easy for a specialist to choose a drug. It should also be taken into account that antibiotics do not combine well with alcohol, which significantly reduces their activity.

Other anti-inflammatory drugs

Earlier antibiotics began to use sulfonamides. These drugs are synthesized on the basis of white streptocide (sulfonic acid) and act on chlamydia, bacteria and other microorganisms. With urethritis, drugs are prescribed that are excreted in the urine and are less toxic to the kidneys. These funds include:

Etazol;
Urosulfan;

Furacilin (Nitrofural);
Furazolidone;
Furazidin (Furagin).

Bactrim creates a concentration in the urine sufficient for a therapeutic effect. In practice, combined drugs are more often used, such as:

Co-trimoxazole (Biseptol, Bactrim), which contains Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim;
Sulfaton, which consists of Trimethoprim + Sulfamonomethoxin;

The combination of drugs provides a wider and effective action.

The group of nitrofurans blocks the enzymes of microorganisms responsible for respiration. They are used as local treatment(douching, washing, baths and vaginal tampons). Convenient to apply:

Furacilin (Nitrofural);
Furazolidone;
Furazidin (Furagin).

Solutions do not lose activity when purulent secretions from the urethra. Furagin and Furadonin are often used for urinary tract infections. They are excreted along with urine and due to this they create in the urethra greater concentration drug. They also have negative side effects - they cause vomiting and nausea. Also, doctors sometimes advise injecting sea buckthorn or rosehip oil into the affected urethra.

Fluoroquinolones block DNA synthesis in the microbial cell. The maximum effect is exerted on gram-negative bacteria. Applied with a positive result with urethritis that is resistant to other drugs. New means have increased activity:

Ciprofloxacin;
Pefloxacin;
Ofloxacin;
Fleroxacin;
Norfloxacin;
Lomefloxacin.

Also, the group of fluoroquinolones includes drugs such as:

Nevigramon;
Gramurin;
Negroes;
oxolinic acid.

Treatment of specific urethritis

If the patient has pathogens that are specific (gonococci, fungi, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, Trichomonas) and obtained sexually, then special means are used, such as:

Fluconazole;
Nystatin;
Lamisil.

For urethritis of gonorrheal etiology, certain types of antibiotics are effective. To get rid of Trichomonas are assigned:

Flagyl;
Tinidazole;
Trichopolum;
Tiberal.

Chlamydia is treated with a combination of corticosteroids and an antibacterial drug such as prednisolone and dexamethasone. Only such treatment can prevent recurrence of the infection. With herpetic urethritis, the patient is treated with antiviral drugs:

famciclovir;
Acyclovir;
Valaciclovir.

In choosing the treatment of urethritis, one has to observe the clinical course, inflammation of the urethra and vagina. It is important to take medications and injections for severe symptoms. It is also necessary to apply local forms of therapy, such as douching with a special disinfectant solution, vaginal suppositories and baths.

Candles from urethritis for women:

antibacterial drugs such as Nystatin and Hexicon;
agents that activate local immunity: Viferon and Genferon;
probiotics that restore the bacterial flora: Gynoflor and Acyclat.

Antiseptics differ from synthetic drugs in that they are distributed throughout the body with the bloodstream to “hit” pathogenic cells and act exclusively on the surface of the vagina and urethra. Urologists recommend the following drugs for the treatment of urethritis in women, which are made in the form of solutions:

Diclofenac;
Protargol;
Collargol;
Chlorhexidine.

Treatment of female urethritis with folk recipes enhances the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs and is recommended by doctors during recovery and after the elimination of acute symptoms of the disease, to consolidate the therapeutic effect. However, as a standalone tool, it is ineffective.

The most recognized method is decoctions of plants that are added to boiled water for douching, baths and wetting tampons. The raw material is brewed in a thermos overnight and consumed during the day after filtering. Herbs that are used for urethritis have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Some berries and plants are natural diuretics. They "clear" the woman's urethra and carry out microorganisms with urine. Consider the well-known tools:

corn silk;
thuja shoots;

Cranberry is a wonderful natural healer, contains active ingredients in in large numbers that contribute to the fight against foreign microorganisms. According to the composition of vitamins, cranberries are indispensable in restoring immunity. It is perfectly stored fresh and does not lose its properties when frozen. Has a diuretic effect. With urethritis, cranberries are consumed in the form of berries, juice, fruit drinks, and together with honey.

Linden is one of the most powerful natural antiseptics. Neutralizes toxins and bacterial products. Some doctors consider it equal to St. John's wort for its therapeutic effect. For a woman's body, it is doubly useful, since linden flower extract contains plant estrogens. Brewed like tea. It is recommended to drink 5 glasses every day. You can add honey to taste.

All of the above examples of natural remedies require taking at least a week, and preferably ten days. You can also use:

corn silk;
thuja shoots;
leaves of blackcurrant, lingonberry and mint.

Treatment of female urethritis greatly complicates pregnancy. Antibacterial agents have many contraindications. Especially carefully it is necessary to control the urinary tract in the first trimester. Obstetricians use local treatments and herbal anti-inflammatory drugs. The list of funds, patterns of use and prices for them is quite wide. Specific medications must be prescribed by a doctor. The drugs listed in the article are proven and recommended by doctors, they have excellent reviews.

A woman at any age needs to monitor her health. Susceptibility to infection by pathogenic flora during menopause requires immune support and prevention with home remedies. folk remedies. Only under this condition will you achieve a complete cure. The doctor will tell you the best suitable options protection. You can find out on the forums healthy recipes and see reviews on various drugs.