Primrose officinalis: use, recipes, pharmaceutical preparations (primrose). How to brew primrose for cough. Primrose officinalis or affectionately: ram plant. Preparation of medicinal raw materials Rams plant medicinal properties of flowers

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Perennial spring primrose. It is valued in folk and scientific medicine for its expectorant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, antispasmodic, antirheumatic, and laxative effects. At the pharmacy you can buy cough syrup based on primrose. At home you can prepare tea, infusion, tincture, oil.

Name in Latin: Primula veris

Name in English: Spring primrose

Family: Primroses

Spring primrose (medicinal) is a well-known and beloved herb among the people. This is evidenced by the many popular names of the plant. One of them is “keys”. Legend has it that one day St. Peter dropped the keys to the ground, and in this place a primrose grew, the shape of the inflorescences actually resembling keys. For a long time, primrose (primrose) has been used for coughs. Today, the mucolytic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory effect of the herb has been scientifically proven. The high content of saponins in its chemical composition helps to thin the thick mucus in the bronchi. Less commonly, the plant is used as a diuretic, diaphoretic, antirheumatic, and hypnotic.

Features of Primrose officinalis

Primrose refers to spring primroses. Like snowdrop, crocus, hellebore, scilla, lungwort, narcissus, violet - this is an early spring Flower. It is often grown for ornamental purposes on personal plots. In addition to aesthetic pleasure, primrose brings health benefits. When is it recommended to take it? How to collect and prepare grass?

Habitat

Primrose grass loves moist soil and partial shade. Most often found in the forest-steppe and forest zones of the European part. It can also be seen in the Volga region, Crimea, the Caucasus, the Urals, Western Siberia, Altai, and Sayan Mountains. Grows in mixed forests and pine forests, on forest edges, clearings, wet meadows, and thickets.

Plant characteristics

Spring primrose. Botanical illustration from the book “Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz” by O. V. Thome, 1885.

Botanical description spring primrose:

• perennial herbaceous plant;
• basal leaves have the shape of a rosette;
• one or more shoots grow from the center of the rosette (arrow);
• the inflorescences have the shape of a drooping umbrella (it can contain from 10 to 30 flowers);
• the flowers are yellow, lemon-tinged, with a serrated calyx;
• leaves are ovoid, serrated, wrinkled;
• The rhizome is horizontal, succulent, covered with thin roots.

Primrose medicinal and the types of its pollination were studied by Charles Darwin in the 60-70s of the 19th century. The scientist noted the viability of the seeds of this species, especially during pollination between different subspecies. The species closest to the spring primrose is the large-cupped primrose. According to another classification, the plant belongs to a subspecies and has the same medicinal properties.

Procurement of raw materials

For cooking medicines Primrose root, leaves, stems and flowers are used.

• How to harvest the root. The underground part of the plant is dug up in the fall, cleaned, dried, and then dried in natural conditions or in an electric dryer at low temperature.
• How leaves are prepared. Cut before flowering begins. Dry under the same conditions as the root. It is important to lay out the raw materials in a thin layer and do not forget to stir. Some sources recommend drying the leaves quickly in electric dryers so that the plant does not lose valuable vitamin C.
• How flowers are prepared. Collect throughout the flowering period. Lay out for drying on dry verandas and attics, with access to fresh air.

All dried parts of the plant can be stored for 24 months. Raw materials must be protected from dampness and sunlight. The plant is a vulnerable species. In some regions of Russia it is listed in the Red Book. For example, it is prohibited to pick primrose in the Moscow, Kostroma, Rostov, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Arkhangelsk regions, Tatarstan, Chuvashia, and Udmurtia.

pharmachologic effect

Useful properties of primrose:

• antispasmodic;
• expectorant;
• diuretic;
• laxative;
• emollient;
• carminative;
• sedative;
• diaphoretic;
• pain reliever;
• antirheumatic;
• anti-inflammatory;
• vitamin

The healing properties of primrose are determined by the following components:

• flavonoids;
• saponins;
• silicic acid;
• glycosides;
• vitamin A and C;
• tannins;
• essential oil.

The rhizome and root of the plant contain significantly more useful substances than flowers and leaves.

Read more about the mucolytic effect of the herb

Treatment of cough is the main use of this flower. The herb stimulates the secretory activity of the bronchi and upper respiratory tract. It is especially useful for dry, unproductive coughs and promotes the removal of sputum. Indications for use may include the following diagnoses:

• tracheitis;
• bronchitis;
• bronchopneumonia;
• pneumonia;
• emphysema;
• pulmonary tuberculosis;
• attacks of whooping cough.

It is recommended to drink spring primrose decoctions for elderly people whose contraction of the heart muscle and blood supply to the lungs are impaired. These age-related changes can lead to chronic (senile) cough. Primrose stimulates blood circulation, eliminates excess phlegm in the bronchi in older people.

Other indications

• Colds, flu, ARVI. The herb has a diaphoretic and antipyretic effect. It can be drunk when initial signs colds, high temperatures, to relieve inflammation and swelling during sinusitis.
• Digestion. Improves appetite, relieves cramps during bloating, has a carminative and laxative effect, drink for constipation and inflammation of the stomach.
• Removing excess fluid from the body. Recommended for kidney diseases and Bladder. Gives a mild diuretic effect.
• Depressant. Can be read positive reviews about the sedative properties of the herb. It is recommended to take it at night for insomnia, overexcitation, and neuroses. Primrose relieves headaches and helps with migraines.
• Anti-sclerotic agent. For gout and rheumatism, infusions are taken orally; the tincture can be used for rubbing.
• External use. Decoctions and infusions can be used to gargle for sore throat, laryngitis, pharyngitis, and inflammation in the oral cavity. They are used to treat loose, bleeding gums. Less commonly used in cosmetology - to cleanse facial skin and strengthen hair.

What are the contraindications of primrose? Do not drink if you have individual intolerances or allergies, peptic ulcer, diseases of the central nervous system, during lactation. Primrose can be dangerous for pregnant women because it causes uterine contractions. Before use in children and the elderly, consultation with a doctor is necessary. An overdose is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. In this case, you need to stop taking it and seek medical help.

Ready-made preparations and recipes for home preparation

What are the uses of Primrose officinalis in folk medicine? What drugs based on this raw material are prepared in pharmacology?

What can you buy at the pharmacy?

• Primrose syrup. This is one of the most effective drugs herbal remedy for cough. There are various commercial names for syrups that contain spring primrose. This herb is often added to combination preparations, in particular, combined with thyme.
• Breast collection. The herb can come in various herbal teas From cough. Most often it is used together with coltsfoot, plantain, oregano, licorice, linden, anise, chamomile and other herbs. Although in classic breast training for cough (No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4) primrose (primrose) is not included.

More information about Gerbion syrup

One of the most popular cough medicines for children and adults is Gerbion syrup. The instructions for use indicate that the medicine has not only an expectorant, but also an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory pharmacological effect. The course of treatment can last up to 2 weeks. Syrup is prescribed for dry cough, which can be a symptom of the following diseases:

• colds, ARVI, flu;
• bronchitis;
• tracheitis;
• tracheobronchitis.

Contraindications include:

• children under 2 years of age;
• diabetes;
• sucrose intolerance;
• allergy to primrose;
• bronchial asthma.

If a child has suffered obstructive laryngitis (an attack of croup), it is strictly forbidden to use the drug. Thinning of sputum and increasing its volume can provoke laryngospasm. Although the syrup is sold without a prescription, it should not be given to children of any age without a pediatrician's prescription. Also contraindicated simultaneous administration expectorants along with antitussive medications. The dilution of sputum and the impossibility of its evacuation is a direct path to complications in the form of pneumonia.

Tea

You can brew the herb separately, but most often it is recommended to prepare cough tea from several herbs. You can brew crushed root, dry leaves and flowers, you can also mix dry raw materials.

Making primrose tea

1. Take 1 tsp. dry grass root.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Bring to a boil.
4. Leave for 5 minutes.
5. Strain.

You can drink 2-3 glasses a day if you have a severe cough. It is recommended to drink it hot. It is good to add a spoonful of honey to this infusion. If the decoction is prepared from leaves and flowers, you can take 2 tsp. raw materials.

Preparing Blended Tea

1. Mix 10 g of mallow, fennel, anise and 30 g of primrose.
2. Take 2 tsp. herbal mixture.
3. Pour a glass of boiling water.
4. Leave for 15 minutes.
5. Strain.

Take in the same dosage.

Decoction and infusion

How else can you prepare primrose for cough? There are two ways to brew herbs - with and without boiling.

Preparing the decoction

1. Take 2 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Boil for 2 minutes.
4. Leave for 20 minutes.
5. Strain.

Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day (preferably before meals). Do not exceed the dosage as this is a concentrated decoction.

Preparing the infusion

1. Take 1 tbsp. l. herbs.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Leave for 1 hour.
4. Strain.

The conditions of administration and dosage are the same. The decoction and infusion are used externally for washing the nasopharynx, gargling and gums for inflammation. With these diagnoses, you can chew the stems of the plant. It is also beneficial to take primrose powder with water. Acceptable daily dose- 0.5 grams. Young leaves of the plant are eaten to replenish ascorbic acid and carotene in the body.

Tincture

Used as an expectorant, sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, laxative, and antirheumatic agent. Due to its alcohol base, the tincture is contraindicated for children of any age. The medicine is prepared from the roots and aerial parts of the plant.

Preparation

1. Take 1 part of dry crushed raw materials.
2. Pour 5 parts 70% alcohol.
3. Leave for 14 days in a dark place.
4. Strain.

Take 15–20 drops 3 times a day before meals. Externally used for rubbing for rheumatism and gout, gargling and mouthwash (diluted!).

Oil

You can prepare an oil extract from spring primrose at home. To do this, instead of an alcohol base, use vegetable oil (it is better to use high-quality olive oil). The oil can be taken orally and used for local treatment. It helps well with joint diseases, strengthens the immune system, and normalizes metabolism. But most often the oil is prepared from another type of plant - evening primrose. This particular drug is useful for women: it helps with hormonal disorders, normalizes the menstrual cycle, and relieves symptoms of PMS.

However, it is important to know that evening primrose, like spring primrose, is an abortifacient herbal remedy. The use of the herb carries a risk of miscarriage, especially in the first trimester.

Primrose officinalis is one of the herbal remedies of first choice for dry, unproductive cough. The herb is also prescribed for neuroses, migraines, insomnia, diseases of the joints, kidneys and bladder, to normalize digestion. Used in the form of decoction, tea, infusion, alcohol tincture, oil, syrup.

Spring primrose (rams)

The generic name comes from the Latin prima - first, as the plant blooms in early spring. The specific definition is derived from the Latin ver - spring for the same reason.

Primrose is a perennial herbaceous plant with a vertical or oblique growing rhizome. The stem is round, erect, succulent and represents a flower arrow 15-30 cm high. Only its lower part with short internodes bears a basal rosette of leaves. The leaves are ovate or oblong-ovate with a blunt apex and a slightly crenate edge, narrowed towards the base into a winged petiole, briefly pubescent. Before flowering, when it is still cool, the edges of the leaves are bent inward, and at this time the young leaves are almost curled into a tube. Flowers (5-13) are bright yellow, drooping to one side at the top of the floral arrow in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence similar to a curl. The calyx is bell-shaped, swollen, five-incised. The corolla is tubular, with a small bend of five lobes and a long tube. There is an orange spot at the base of each petal. There are 5 scales at the entrance to the corolla tube. There are five stamens, one pistil with an upper single-locular ovary. Stamens and pistil styles in different flowers are at different levels. In some, the stigma of the pistil rises above the anthers, since the filaments are short; in others, on the contrary, the stamens are located high and the pistil is low. This phenomenon is called heterocolumnarity (heterostyly) and is the result of the plant’s adaptation to cross-pollination.

The fruit is a polyspermous, ovoid capsule surrounded by a remaining calyx, opening at the apex into 10 small teeth. In damp weather, the cloves bend inward and the box closes.

Blooms from mid-April to July. The fruits ripen in June – July.

A similar species is also used - the large-cupped primrose - Primula macrocalyx Bunge, in which the calyx is expanded.

Spring primrose grows in deciduous and mixed forests, in birch forests, in forest glades and along the edges of pine forests, among bushes.

It is found in forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia. To the east, in the Volga region, it is replaced by large-cupped primrose, which thins out and disappears beyond the Urals, but appears again in the Tomsk region, Altai and Sayan Mountains. The second species grows in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia.

Collection and drying

One of the first spring plants, which everyone treats with love and tenderness. Children pull out a flower from a brush and suck out the sweet juice, adults pick young leaves for salad - in taste it is not much inferior to garden salad, but nutritional value far superior to him. No plant contains as much ascorbic acid in its leaves as primrose.

Mass harvesting of primrose cannot be carried out, since the plant is becoming rare and is included in the Red Book, and its culture has not yet been developed. Therefore, raw materials are prepared in small quantities for local needs. If necessary, primrose can be introduced into the culture. Seeds are sown for the winter, and the plantation can be used for many years.

To harvest primrose leaves from wild plants, the collector must have a license, without which collection is prohibited.

Collect leaves at the beginning of flowering plants, tearing them off with your hands. In this case, half the leaves on each plant are left so as not to damage flowering and fruiting. The leaves are dried quickly in attics, but it is better in ovens or dryers at a temperature of 90-100°. In the latter case, they retain more vitamin C (ascorbic acid).

Chemical composition

Primrose leaf (dry) contains up to 5.9% vitamin C. The raw material is also valuable because it can be prepared in early spring, when there are no other sources of vitamin C and when the need for it is especially great. In addition, it contains up to 2% saponins, flavonoids, up to 3 mg% carotene, etc.

Action and application

Primrose leaf is used for vitamin C deficiency.

For chronic bronchitis, this is one of the most gentle and reliable remedies. Everything in the primrose is used: leaves, flowers, roots. An infusion or decoction of the roots is an effective expectorant.

Napar

A steam, sometimes a decoction of 30-40 g of roots per 1 liter of water is taken as an expectorant, half a glass 2-3 times a day for dry cough and bronchitis.

A steam of flowers 20 g per 1 liter of water or a whole plant 40-60 g per 1 liter of water is taken for coughs, bronchitis, runny nose and in general for all types of colds associated with ailments of the throat and lungs, as well as for rinsing the nostrils. The same steam is drunk for chronic constipation, for migraines and as a diuretic. This drug has a slightly hypnotic effect on children. For migraines, taking this drug stops irritating sensitivity to light and the headache gradually goes away.

Vitamin remedy

Powder from leaves and herbs of primrose - effective remedy for hypo- and avitaminosis C, accompanied by weakness, lethargy, pallor, dyspeptic symptoms, loosening of the gums, hypochromic anemia, and weakened vision. 5 g of powder is poured into 100 g of boiling water, left for 30 minutes, filtered, added 1 g of table salt and drunk the entire dose throughout the day.

Primrose for respiratory diseases

A decoction and infusion of the roots, rhizomes and leaves of primrose is used as an expectorant for diseases of the upper respiratory tract, chronic tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and pneumonia. To prepare a decoction, 10-15 g of crushed raw materials are poured into 200 g of water, boiled for 30 minutes in a water bath under a lid, cooled for 15 minutes at room temperature, filtered and taken 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day. To prepare the infusion, pour 5-8 g of primrose leaves into 200 g of boiling water, leave for 45 minutes, filter and take 70 g 3 times a day. Primrose is often used in combination with anise, chamomile and calendula.

For dry cough and bronchitis, take 100 g of primrose root steam 2-3 times a day as an expectorant. To prepare napara, you should pour 30-40 g of crushed roots into a thermos, pour 1 liter of water over them, let it brew for 10-12 hours and strain.

For coughs, bronchitis, runny nose, and various colds, they also drink a steam from flowers or the whole primrose plant. Pour 20 g of flowers or 40-60 g of the whole plant into a thermos, pour in 1 liter of water, let it brew for 6-8 hours and strain. Take 100 g 3 times a day.

For bronchitis, tracheitis, tracheobronchitis, also use an infusion or decoction of a mixture of herbs in 1 liter of water: primrose (flowers) - 40 g, plantain (leaves) - 20 g, coltsfoot (leaves) - 10 g, horsetail (herb) – 30 g. Drink warm, 50-70 g 3 times a day.

For pneumonia, 1 tablespoon of this mixture is poured into 200 g of water, boiled in a sealed container for 5 minutes, cooled at room temperature and filtered. Drink the entire dose warm during the day in several doses.

For pulmonary tuberculosis in folk medicine, the following herbal infusion is used: primrose (root) - 15 g, horsetail (herb) - 15 g, knotweed (herb) - 15 g, common pikulnik (herb) - 15 g. Pour 3 tablespoons of the mixture 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes and filter. Drink the entire dose in sips throughout the day.

For bronchitis, tracheitis, and pneumonia, the following decoction of primrose roots is recommended: 1 tablespoon of dry crushed primrose roots, pour 200 g of boiling water, boil for 15 minutes, add sugar or honey and take 1 tablespoon 4-5 times a day.

For coughs, chronic bronchitis, tracheitis, you can drink breast tea: 2 teaspoons of a mixture of dried primrose roots, elecampane roots and coltsfoot leaves taken in equal parts, pour 200 g hot water, boil for 5 minutes, leave for 15 minutes and filter. The entire dose is drunk in small sips per day.

Primrose is also included in other breast teas that are used for colds.

For asthma, traditional medicine uses the following herbal decoction: primrose (flowers) - 10 g, sundew (herb) - 10 g, fragrant violet (herb) - 10 g, licorice (root) - 10 g; cumin (fruit) – 40 g. Pour 4 teaspoons of this mixture into 200 g of water, leave for 2 hours, boil and filter. Drink in three doses during the day.

For rhinitis and runny nose, 40-60 g of the whole primrose plant is steamed in a thermos in 1 liter of boiling water for 6-8 hours and the nostrils are washed with this steam. It is also recommended to drink tea from 20 g of flowers brewed in 1 liter of water.

Migraine remedy

For migraines, prepare a steam from 20 g of primrose flowers or 40-60 g of the whole plant per 1 liter of water and take 100 g 2-3 times a day. At the same time, irritating sensitivity to light disappears and the headache gradually goes away.

A good remedy for migraines and long-term headaches is a tincture of primrose flowers with wine.

For migraines, headaches, and dynamic disorders of cerebral circulation, tea made from the corollas of newly blossomed primrose flowers is useful.

Primrose for heart disease

For heart diseases, it is useful to drink tea from the corollas of newly bloomed primrose flowers.

Diuretic

An infusion of primrose flowers or the whole plant is used in folk medicine as a diuretic. Take it 200 g 2 times a day.

Constipation remedy

For constipation, use a steam from the flowers or the whole primrose plant (see “Remedy for migraines”).

Primrose for inflammation of the prostate gland

In folk medicine, an infusion of primrose herb is used for inflammation of the prostate gland. Pour 2 tablespoons of the herb into 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave overnight and filter. Drink 200 g of infusion in the morning 30 minutes before meals and in the evening before bed. The course of treatment is 40 days.

Primrose for nervous disorders

Primrose flowers are used in folk medicine for insomnia, nervous weakness, and headaches. For neuroses and insomnia, the following infusion is recommended: 10 g of dried primrose flowers, pour 200 g of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes and filter. The entire dose is drunk per day.

For insomnia in children, use a steam of 20 g of primrose flowers (or 40-60 g of the whole plant) per 1 liter of water.

Decoctions and infusions of primrose have a calming effect and are also practically harmless.

Primrose for skin diseases

For chronic skin rashes, it is recommended to use an infusion of a mixture of herbs: primrose (root) – 15 g; tricolor violet (herb) – 15 g; walnut (leaves) – 15 g; anise (root) – 15 g, sloe (flowers) – 15 g. Pour 1 tablespoon of this mixture with 200 g of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 400 g in sips throughout the day.

Primrose for rheumatism and arthritis

In folk medicine in many countries, primrose was very widely used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of arthritis, rheumatism, and all joint diseases. To do this, pour 1 teaspoon of powdered dry primrose leaves into 100 g of boiling water, leave for 25-30 minutes in a sealed container, well wrapped. Then they filtered and drank the dose per day in several doses. An infusion of primrose roots was also used for the same purposes. Pour 2 teaspoons of crushed roots into 400 g of boiling water and leave in a sealed container for 25-30 minutes. This infusion should be taken 50 g 3-4 times a day.

For rheumatic pain in the joints and rheumatoid polyarthritis, it is useful to drink tea from the corollas of newly blossomed primrose flowers.

Primrose in dentistry

For gum inflammation, traditional medicine uses an infusion of dried flowers and young primrose leaves. Pour 1 tablespoon of raw material into 200 g of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and filter. Take 2 tablespoons 4-6 times a day.

Primrose and cosmetics

Both the primrose herb and its rhizomes are also used in cosmetics: lotions and rubbing with infusion of the leaves are used for acne, freckles, flabby, thin skin prone to irritation, and dilated blood vessels. The same infusion is used to rinse the head in case of hair disease. To prepare the infusion, 4 tablespoons of the herb are infused in 0.5 liters of water. For lotions for swelling of the skin, infuse 2 tablespoons of the herb into 400 g of water. Oily seborrheic skin is wiped with a decoction of primrose roots (2 tablespoons of crushed roots per 200 g of water). A decoction of rhizomes with roots is also used to stimulate hair growth.

For nest baldness, use a decoction of primrose roots (pour 1 tablespoon of finely chopped roots into 200 g of water, cook for 30 minutes in a water bath under a lid, cool for 15 minutes at room temperature, strain), which is rubbed daily into the lesions.

Infusion of primrose flowers (1-2 tablespoons of dried flowers per 250 g of boiling water, leave for 45 minutes at room temperature, strain) wipe the face at oily skin with clogged pores and rinse hair after washing.

Attention!

Primrose may cause allergic reaction. Should not be used together with anticoagulants. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it stimulates uterine contractions.

Recipes

Primrose has not only decorative and medicinal value. In Germany, its dried flowers are used as tea leaves, and the decoction is mixed with wine. In England, young primrose leaves are eaten in the spring as a salad, and the roots, which have an aniseed scent, are used as a spice. The British believe that primrose is even more suitable for making green soups than sorrel.

In Northern China and Korea, on Far East and in the Caucasus, in early spring, cabbage soup and soups are prepared from primrose leaves.

From home-grown primrose officinalis, you can periodically collect leaves for salad. It is very useful, especially in spring, when there is a lack of vitamins.

Primrose salad

Ingredients

• Primrose leaves – 100 g,
• boiled beets – 100 g,
• green onion – 25 g,
• sour cream – 1 tablespoon,
• salt to taste,
• parsley and dill.

Cooking method

Wash green onions and primrose leaves and chop finely. Cut the boiled beets into slices, place in a salad bowl, and top with chopped primrose leaves and onions. Season with salt, sour cream and sprinkle with finely chopped parsley and dill.

Primrose drink

Ingredients

• Dried primrose leaves – 2 g,
• dried primrose roots – 2 g,
• honey – 20 g,
• water – 200 g.

Cooking method

Pour boiling water over the crushed roots and leaves of primrose, put on fire and cook for 5-10 minutes. Then strain, add honey and cool.

Primrose tea

Mix and grind dried leaves or roots of primrose and St. John's wort taken in equal quantities. Brew as tea and drink with sugar, honey or jam.

salt to taste.

Cooking method

Sort the primrose leaves, wash and finely chop. Simmer for 5 minutes in butter, pour in a mixture of milk and eggs, add salt and bake.

Primrose leaf seasoning

Grind the dried primrose leaves into powder. Store in a dry place in a glass jar. Use as a seasoning for first and second courses, salads, sauces, gravy, drinks.

A source of information

1. “Plants – your friends and foes” Akhmedov R.B.;
2. “Medicinal plants” Popov V.I., Shapiro D.K., Danusevich I.K.;
3. "Medicinal plants and their use among people" Nosal M., Nosal I.

Primula officinalis L.- Primrose officinalis. Russian names: Primrose officinalis, rams, initial letter, primrose officinalis; Ukrainian: Pervotsvit Likarsky, rams.

Family: Primulaceae - primroses.

A perennial herbaceous plant 15-20 cm high, of the primrose family, appears in early spring, as soon as the snow melts. The rhizome is oblique, unbranched, short, covered with whitish, cord-like roots. Leaves are basal, ovate. One (or several) flower arrow carries an inflorescence - a simple one-sided umbrella. The flowers are large, bright yellow with an orange spot at the base of the corolla lobes. The fruit is a multi-seeded, ovoid brown capsule. Seeds are spherical, 1-1.5 mm long. Blooms in April-May. Ripens in June-July. It cracks only in favorable weather; in bad weather the boxes close.

Grows in large quantities in deciduous mixed forests of the middle and forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia.

Collecting. For medicinal purposes, the grass, leaves, flowers, roots, and rhizomes of primrose are harvested. The above-ground part of the plant is collected during flowering, dried immediately in the sun or in a dryer, oven, oven at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. With slow drying, the amount of vitamin C is significantly reduced.
The presence of vitamin A in primrose leaves makes it possible to use them in case of deficiency of this vitamin.
The dried leaves are grayish-green, have a honey smell, the taste is initially sweetish, then pungently bitter.
Flowers are harvested without calyxes in April-May and air-dried. Dried flowers are blooming yellow corollas with a faint odor and a sweetish taste.
Rhizomes with roots are dug up in the fall, after the above-ground part of the plant has withered, or in early spring before flowering. They are shaken off the ground, the stems are cut off, washed in cold water, lightly dry in air and dry in dryers, ovens, ovens at a temperature of 50-60 ° C. Dried rhizomes are reddish-brown, covered in scales. The roots are whitish, 3-10 cm long, bitterish, astringent taste, faint odor. Store in multi-layer paper or canvas bags, on racks in well-ventilated areas. The shelf life of leaves and flowers is 1 year, rhizomes and roots - 3 years.

CONSUMPTION. Primrose preparations have a diuretic, diaphoretic, restorative, vitamin, expectorant effect, improve the functions of the adrenal glands and the secretion of gastric juice.
Infusions and tinctures of primrose, when taken orally, enhance the secretion of the bronchial glands and are low toxic. Primrose leaves by mid-June contain up to 6% ascorbic acid; Quickly dried leaves retain vitamin C almost completely.
An infusion is prepared from dry primrose leaves during the flowering period of the plant: pour 1 teaspoon of the crushed plant with a glass of boiling water, leave for half an hour and drink half a glass 2 times a day. The infusion is prepared in an enamel bowl. On the second day, the vitamin C content in the infusion decreases.
Infusion of primrose roots: infuse 5 g of roots in 200 ml of boiling water for 2 hours, strain. Drink 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for constipation, insomnia, general weakness, poor appetite, cough, dizziness, kidney and bladder diseases as a diuretic.
Infusions of primrose leaves: infuse 5-10 g of leaf powder in 200 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for poor appetite, general weakness, cough, hypovitaminosis, scurvy, pneumonia.
Primrose leaves in an earlier period, at the beginning of flowering, are used to prepare salads. Two primrose leaves are enough to satisfy daily requirement the body in vitamin C.
Infusion of primrose flowers: infuse 25 g of primrose flowers in 200 ml of boiling water for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100-200 ml 1-3 times a day for migraines, dizziness, chronic constipation.
Primrose herb decoction: boil 20 g of chopped herb in 200 ml of water for 20 minutes, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough as an expectorant.
Decoction of primrose roots: boil 20 g of primrose roots in 400 ml of water for 15 minutes, leave for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100 ml 3-4 times a day for respiratory diseases, rheumatism, gout, kidney and bladder diseases.
Drink made from primrose flowers: wash the flowers and pour cold water, keep at room temperature until fermentation begins, add honey or sugar. Store in a cool, dark place. 250 g primrose flowers, 1 liter of water, honey, sugar to taste.
Tea with primrose. Mix dried leaves or roots of primrose and St. John's wort in equal quantities and chop. Brew like tea. Drink with sugar, honey, jam, xylitol, sweets.
Grind the dried roots and rhizomes of primrose into powder and use for seasoning soups, borscht, meat, fish, vegetable dishes, snacks, and drinks.

Steam, sometimes a decoction of 30.0-40.0 g. Roots per 1 liter. Water is taken as an expectorant, half a glass 2-3 times a day for dry cough and bronchitis.
Flower steam 20.0 g. Per 1 liter. Water or whole plant 40.0-60.0 g. Per 1 liter. The water is taken for coughs, bronchitis, runny nose and in general for all types of colds associated with throat and lung ailments, as well as for rinsing the nostrils. The same steam is drunk for chronic constipation, for migraines and as a diuretic. This drug has a slightly hypnotic effect on children. I have noticed that during migraines, taking this drug stops irritating sensitivity to light and the headache gradually goes away. In the absence of rose hips, I personally used the primrose plant, including it in the mixture in cases where it was necessary to give the patient vitamin “C”.

One of the first spring plants, which everyone treats with love and tenderness. Children pull out a flower from a brush and suck out the sweet juice, adults pick young leaves for salad - its taste is not much inferior to garden salad, and its nutritional value is much superior to it. No plant contains as much ascorbic acid in its leaves as primrose.
Herbalists harvest primrose for medicinal purposes. For chronic bronchitis, this is one of the most gentle and reliable remedies. Everything in the primrose is used: leaves, flowers, roots. An infusion or decoction of the roots is an effective expectorant. If imported senega was once considered the best in this regard, it turned out that primrose is five times stronger than senega in these qualities. Therefore, it is often used for pneumonia and bronchial asthma.
An infusion of flowers helps with migraines, dizziness, inflammation of the bladder and as a mild laxative. By the way, an infusion of flowers is considered useful for paralysis.
Popularly, a “love potion” is prepared from primrose leaves. The leaves are quickly dried in the oven, ground into powder and placed in a tightly sealed container, preferably a bottle with a ground-in lid. On long winter evenings, drink tea by brewing half a teaspoon of powder in a glass of boiling water, leave, wrapped, for 20-30 minutes and add 1-2 grains of salt. It is believed that such tea helps maintain family happiness, unshakable love and peace in the home. The powder is well stored - even after a year, the beneficial substances it contains do not lose their activity.
I have long noticed that in many folk recipes The use of primrose mentions migraines. Then I introduced it into my practice and really got good results (when using several other herbs at the same time). However, the primrose itself is able to cope with this disease.
MIGRAINE, LONG-TERM HEADACHES. Loosely fill a glass jar with fresh primrose flowers and pour dry grape wine. Leave for 3 weeks. After straining, take 50 ml 3 times a day before meals - like an excellent medicine.
MIGRAINE, DIVISINESS. Pour a full tablespoon of crushed dried flowers into a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes and drink in warm like tea. Or brew a little more and take half a glass 3 times a day.
MIGRAINE, NEUROSIS, INSOMNIA. Brew 2-3 tablespoons of chopped dry herbs in 0.5 liters of boiling water, preferably in a thermos - this is the daily dose.
KIDNEY, BLADDER DISEASES. Pour a glass of boiling water over an incomplete teaspoon of roots (without a high heap), leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day. It is also useful for general weakness, poor appetite, insomnia, constipation and as a diuretic.
PNEUMONIA, BRONCHITIS. Pour 1 tablespoon of crushed roots into a glass of raw water, bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for 3-4 minutes, then leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
HEART DISEASES, PARALYSIS, KIDNEY DISEASES, COLDS. Pour 3 teaspoons of dried crushed flowers with a glass of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, strain. Take half a glass warm, slowly, in sips, 3 times a day, regardless of food.

* * *

Harmless does not mean uncontrolled. Try drinking a decoction of the roots not in tablespoons, but in half a glass or the whole glass at once - at best you will feel discomfort, and most likely it will cause nausea and vomiting. This is not poisoning, but you are guaranteed to have an upset stomach with all the inherent symptoms. Primrose may cause an allergic reaction. Should not be used together with anticoagulants. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it stimulates uterine contractions.

Storage. Flowers and leaves and roots separately are stored in boxes lined with paper inside.

Spring primrose (medicinal), or primrose, has a lot of affectionate folk nicknames, among which are rams, firstborn medicinal, spring ant. Almost every country has its own legend about its appearance on Earth: the plant is attributed to the genesis of the keys dropped by the Apostle Peter himself, from the transformation into a primrose of a princess who did not listen to the gods... In addition, the ant can protect from grief and adversity, helps to get married and predicts volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, she also cures various ailments. Photos of primrose medicinal can also be found in scientific reference books, because the plant is widely used even in traditional medicine. Recipes that involve spring primrose are in the second part of the article.

spring primrose

Spring primrose: photo, botany, distribution

Primrose is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Primrose. It reaches a height of 20 cm, has a reduced stem, a short, horizontal rhizome with succulent thin branches extending to the sides. The leaves are collected in a rosette near the base of the rhizome, with narrow petioles, oblong-obovate, serrated, wrinkled.

At the top of the stem there are flowers of regular shape, yellow color, up to 15 mm. diameter The fruit is a brown ovoid capsule containing spherical small seeds. The plant primrose officinalis (pictured) is found in Europe, as well as in other areas (Caucasus, Siberia). You can find it in the steppe, forests, meadows, and parks.

Ram plant: properties and applications

All medicinal properties Primrose is due to its rich composition. In medicinal raw materials of spring primrose (medicinal):

• Ascorbic acid
• Provitamin "A"
• Vitamin "E"
• Manganese
• Saponins
• Bioflavonoids
• Plant glycosides
• Essential oils
• Alcohols

Primrose officinalis (rams)

The ram plant has so many useful properties that it is difficult to list them. It is used in many areas of folk medicine, as well as in traditional healing. Primrose is most valuable in the treatment of:

• Migraine
• Neuralgia
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Qatar respiratory tract
• Gout
• Rheumatism
• Insomnia

Remedies prepared from spring primrose are successfully used to treat diseases of the kidneys, bladder, and stomach. Primrose will help with almost any ARVI, especially if the disease is complicated by bronchitis and pneumonia. A huge amount of vitamin C makes primrose a sure remedy for cancer and vitamin deficiencies.

The ram plant has an expectorant and diaphoretic effect and can have a valuable therapeutic effect for colds. Also, infusions and decoctions of the plant help with spasms, relieve inflammation in any area of ​​the body, treat eye pathologies and ailments of the male sexual sphere.

Spring primrose (medicinal): traditional medicine

IN medicinal purposes If you use leaves and flowers, or the roots of the primrose officinalis (pictured), then all its parts are beneficial. The raw materials are collected at the beginning of flowering (April-May), dried at a temperature of 120 degrees in the oven: this way, almost the entire supply of vitamin “C” will be preserved in the plant.

Before taking primrose products, you need to take into account its contraindications. So, the plant is quite allergenic, and cases of intolerance to it are not isolated . Spring primrose enhances blood clotting, and its enrollment cannot be combined with anticoagulant therapy. During pregnancy, primrose threatens miscarriage and is therefore strictly prohibited for use.

Primrose medicinal for chronic bronchitis

This weapon helps well if you suffer from a chronic dry cough - from bronchitis. It can also be used for acute bronchitis. Take 3 tablespoons of dry roots of the plant, brew with half a liter of boiling water. Leave in a thermos for 6 hours and then drink 100 ml. three times a day for 10 days.

For vitamin deficiency

To “saturate” the body with ascorbic acid and other vitamins, you need to prepare a powder from the plant part of the spring primrose (medicinal). The dried plant is crushed, after which 5 g. brew the powder with half a glass of boiling water. After half an hour, strain the weapon, add a little salt (at the tip of a knife). They drink this weapon in small sips a day, this way they are treated for 14-21 days.

For laryngitis

When inflammation of the larynx (laryngitis) is accompanied by a wet cough, spring primrose will also help improve expectoration and make the cough even more productive. You need to prepare a collection of plants: combine anise seeds, calendula flowers, primrose leaves and flowers, and chamomile flowers in equal parts. Pour a glass of boiling water over a spoonful of the mixture and leave for an hour. Pull 100 ml. three times a day.

Spring primrose for neuralgia

To treat nervous diseases, you need to consume primrose juice. To prepare, wash the plant with flowers, chop it, and squeeze out the juice. To carry out the treatment, mix a teaspoon of juice with the same amount of honey. Take this drug with milk or water in sufficient quantities, repeat three times a day for 2 weeks.

Primrose: a recipe for angina pectoris

Spring primrose oil can be used to treat angina pectoris and other forms of cardiac ischemia. Collect the flowers of the plant, place them in a small jar (0.5 liters), and do not fill them too tightly. Flowers are flooded vegetable oil so that it fills the jar to the top. They place the weapon on the window so that the sun hits it for 21 days. After this period has passed, the flowers are squeezed out and thrown away, and this oil is poured into new flowers of the plant. After another 21 days of standing on the windowsill, the weapon is filtered and stored in the cold. Treated by taking 1 ml orally. twice a day for a month.

For asthma

Heal more effectively bronchial asthma a collection of herbs, which includes the ramus plant, although primrose can also be used as monotherapy. To make the collection, combine 40 grams. caraway fruits, 10 gr. primrose flowers, 10 gr. sundew herbs, licorice roots, violet herbs. 2 spoons of the mixture are brewed into 300 ml. boiling water, strain after 2 hours. Consume 100 ml. three times a day for 10 days.

Primrose will help with migraines

When headaches often occur, medicines based on spring primrose are also used. Take 20 grams. flowers, leaves, pour 700 ml. dry red wine. After a week, they begin therapy: they drink 50 ml. three times a day for a week.

For rheumatism

20 gr. primrose roots are crushed, pour 400 ml. water. Simmer the roots in water over low heat for 15 minutes, leave for another half hour, add water to 400 ml. Drink 100 ml for rheumatism. four times a day.

Spring primrose against flu

For the flu, take tea with primrose and St. John's wort. Brew a tablespoon of herbs and flowers of both plants, pour 500 ml. boiling water Divide into 3 doses, drink after adding honey to taste.

For seborrhea

To cure seborrhea of ​​the scalp, prepare an infusion of primrose herb. 4 tablespoons of raw material are brewed into 500 ml. water, leave for an hour. Then they filter, soak rags in the product, and apply it to the head like a lotion. After half an hour, wash your hair. Repeat the treatment every 10 days.

Recipe for health

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Spring primrose, ears, heavenly keys, flowers of St. Peter, rams, golden keys. Pharmaceutical name: primrose root - Primulae radix (formerly: Radix Primulae), primrose flowers - Primulae flos (formerly: Flores Primulae). - Encyclopedia of medicinal plants - on the Ki Aikido Moscow website

Medicinal plants in medicine, pharmacology, homeopathy and folk medicine

on the website "Ki Aikido Moscow - training, classes in Ki Class"

Guarded.

Primroses - Primulaceae.

Common names: ears, heavenly keys, flowers of St. Peter, rams, golden keys.

Parts used: rhizome and flowers.

Pharmacy name: primrose root - Primulae radix (formerly: Radix Primulae), primrose flowers - Primulae flos (formerly: Flores Primulae).

Botanical description. These spring flowers we love so much have an erect, leafless stem and rhizome, from which numerous fibrous roots arise. The leaves in the basal rosette are elongated to ovate, generally tapering downwards, and pubescent on both sides. At the end of a more or less long stem there are flowers collected in an umbrella. The calyx is whitish-green, ribbed, the corolla is tube-shaped, expanding at the top, yellow, bright golden in the middle.

Blooms in March-April. Grows in dry meadows.

Collection and preparation. The rhizomes are collected in September and, after clearing them from the soil, dried in the shade; flowers are collected in spring.

Healing action and application. Saponin-containing medicinal plants are used primarily for coughs, especially dry and persistent ones, when difficulties arise with coughing. Primrose is best for the so-called senile cough. The latter often occurs when the contractile force of the heart decreases, as a result of which the blood supply to the lungs deteriorates. This leads to a constant cough. To help in such cases, you need not only to facilitate coughing, but also to simultaneously influence blood circulation, for which you need to take care of increased removal of water from the body. This is exactly how spring primrose works: it facilitates coughing and acts as a diuretic.

Mixing primrose rhizome with fennel and anise makes an excellent cough tea. If you add mallow leaves, this tea helps with almost all forms of cold cough.

Mixed tea: Primrose rhizome 30.0 Crushed anise 10.0 Mallow leaves 10.0 Crushed fennel 10.0

Pour two teaspoons of the mixture into 1/4 liter of boiling water and strain after 10 minutes of infusion. Sweeten with honey and drink hot. Use in folk medicine. In folk medicine, primrose is also used as a cough remedy.

They take tea, but often prepare syrup: 1 teaspoon with the top of crushed primrose rhizome is boiled for about 5 minutes in a small amount of water, the liquid is drained and mixed with honey until it reaches a syrupy consistency. Take in teaspoons. o Primrose tea: Heat 1 teaspoon of the rhizome or 2 teaspoons with the top of the flowers to a boil in 1/4 liter of water. Leave for 5 minutes. Drink 2-3 cups of tea a day. In addition to helping with coughs, traditional medicine recommends spring primrose tea as

good remedy

for migraines, neuralgia, gout and rheumatism, as well as for insomnia. The German National Health Service recognizes primrose as having an expectorant and emollient effect on catarrhs ​​of the upper respiratory tract.

Side effects. In the absence of an overdose side effects herbaceous type of the primrose family (from the Latin Primulaceae). Grows up to 30 cm in height, with a brown oblique or vertical rhizome and a bunch of thin roots. The stem has a rounded shape, although generally erect. The leaves are collected in one basal rosette, oval, oblong or ovoid. The flowers in the inflorescence of an umbrella plant are one-sided and drooping. The color is golden yellow with a few orange spots. These flowers have a honey scent. The primrose fruit is an ovoid brown multi-seeded capsule. It blooms, as a rule, from mid-April to June, and the fruits ripen in July. Reproduction occurs by dividing bushes and cuttings. Nowadays the plant is quite rare. In addition, the plant is included in the list of species that require preventive protection. It grows traditionally in dry places, in thickets, on river banks, in both mixed and deciduous forests.

In Dr. In Greece the primrose was considered medicinal flower Olympus, where it was called “the flower of the 12 gods” or “dodecatheon”. The ancient Greeks believed that he arose from the body of the boy Paralysos, who died of love. Out of pity, the gods of Olympus turned him into a flower. Ancient healers treated various paralysis with primrose. It is not for nothing that this flower is better known under the name “paralysis grass.” The flower is very popular in England, where there are also many legends about it. It was called a magic flower and was believed to hide fairies and old gnomes from bad weather.

Preparation and storage

Primrose leaves are collected at the very beginning of flowering, usually plucked by hand. In this case, approximately half of the leaves on each plant should be left in order not to damage the flowering and fruiting itself. Dry raw materials in a well-ventilated area. The best places for this are ovens or special dryers with a temperature of 90-120 °C. When drying in an accelerated mode, significantly more vitamins are preserved. The shelf life of the leaves is exactly 1 year.

• Rhizomes and roots - harvested in the autumn at the very beginning of the plant's wilting.
• The dug roots are cleaned from the ground and cut into pieces with a knife, and then washed with cold water and left for a while in the open air. This is followed by “final drying” in dryers at a temperature of 60 °C. The raw material has a rather pleasant smell, reminiscent of violets. The taste is bitter. The shelf life of primrose raw materials is from 1 to 3 years. IN
• Flowers are harvested without calyxes in mid-spring (April-May) and dried in the fresh air. Dried raw materials can be stored for about one year.

Use in everyday life

Primrose leaves can be used as food. From its flowers you can obtain a natural olive-colored dye, which is usually used for dyeing fabrics. Also decorative option Primrose is used as a group planting in borders, rock gardens and so on.

Composition and medicinal properties

Medicines based on primrose have an expectorant effect and also enhance the secretory activity of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi. This effect is due to the fact that the roots of the plant contain a triterpene glycoside. Also, primrose activates the work of the ciliated epithelium and increases the evacuation of secretions from the human respiratory tract.

1. Rhizome. Primrose infusion is an effective expectorant for coughs, chronic bronchitis and bronchopneumonia. It is also widely used in combination with chamomile, calendula, medicinal angelica and anise (common). In folk medicine, a decoction of primrose is also used as an expectorant. In addition, it is used in the treatment of asthma, pneumonia, and bronchitis, since the decoction has a sedative and analgesic effect. In the form of a tincture, it is used to treat constipation, insomnia, and dizziness. Interestingly, in Transcaucasia, primrose powder is used for impotence.
2. Aboveground part medicinal plant included in ointment-type preparations. Mainly for the treatment of scalp eczema. Decoction of this plant used for bronchitis, pneumonia and whooping cough. Medicinal juice from primrose - to reduce bleeding gums, improve vision and for vitamin deficiency. The essence of the fresh flower is used in homeopathy treatment.
3. The leaves are used in special tinctures that are sold in pharmacies. Suitable for the prevention of vitamin deficiency, poor appetite, general weakness, bronchitis, rheumatism, etc.
4. Flowers in the form of decoction and infusion have a diaphoretic and expectorant effect in cases of bronchitis. Besides medications containing primrose have a general strengthening effect for paralysis, migraines, insomnia, inflamed urinary tract, and rheumatism of the joints. Flower juice is effective for colds, paralysis, heart disease, kidney disease, malaria and whooping cough.

Use in folk medicine

Infusion for inflammation of the respiratory organs

Infusion of roots/rhizomes of primrose medicinal: 10 g, which is equal to 1 tablespoon of raw material, primrose roots are placed in a bowl, pour 200 ml of hot boiled water, cover with a lid and heat in a water bath for up to 30 minutes. Then the infusion is cooled to room temperature for 30 minutes and filtered. The raw materials that remain are squeezed out and added to the infusion. The resulting infusion is boiled in 200 ml of water. Take tincture 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day before eating.

A decoction of primrose rhizomes for insomnia and constipation

20 g of raw material is boiled in 0.4 liters of water for about 15 minutes, then infused for up to 30 minutes, after which it is carefully filtered. You need to take this decoction 0.5 cups 3-4 times a day.

Infusion of primrose leaves for poor appetite

The recipe for such a tincture involves using 5-10 g of plant leaf powder, which should be infused in 0.2 liters of boiling water for 1 hour, after which the infusion should be strained. For poor appetite, take 1 tablespoon before meals.

Decoction for bleeding gums

The decoction includes 20 g of crushed primrose raw material (herbs), which is boiled for 20 minutes in 0.2 liters of water, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.

Infusion for the treatment of rheumatism of the joints

Pour 25 g of primrose flowers into 0.2 liters of boiling water, then leave for 30 minutes and strain the infusion. Take 0.5-1 glass 1-2 times a day.

Primrose juice as a preventive measure for heart disease

To prepare this medicinal juice from primrose, you should squeeze aboveground part plants (this can be leaves, stems or flowers). As a result, the squeezed product should be taken 1/4-1/3 cup with a spoon of honey no more than 3 times a day before meals, and the flower juice itself - 1 tsp. with honey 1 to 1 three times a day, while the juice must be mixed with warm water or milk to be effective.

Contraindications for use

People with hypersensitivity to the primrose officinalis may experience severe itching or burning in areas of the skin that came into contact with the primrose a few hours after using it. The affected areas of the skin may become red, blistered, and filled with fluid. Also, in such places, after the blisters heal, doctors note peeling, and when scratching the wounds, ulcers can form. Also to side effects Primrose refers to inflammation of the mucous membranes after entering the mouth or respiratory tract.