Bouquet in the form of a linear style. Terms used in floristry. Variants of decorative bouquets

It is considered the most difficult. In order to successfully create compositions in this style, the florist must pay attention to appearance, form of growth and plant community of plants, which is especially important when working with potted plants. You can use stones, driftwood, cones, branches, moss, berries and other natural materials.
The composition may have one or more points of growth.
Working in a vegetative style requires particularly careful selection and arrangement of the material: flowers and plants should look natural, the way they grow in nature.
Spring compositions for conveying the awakening of Nature look especially good in this style.
The dishes are shallow, nondescript, shades of earth or green, should not attract attention to themselves.
Compositions vegetative style resemble a piece of nature, where stones, branches, moss can be used ... They have one or more points of growth.

They are created using the following material setting techniques:

free
parallel
radial

Bouquets vegetative style will rather resemble an armful of wild flowers, with herbs, cereals ... Technique for setting the material:

parallel
spiral
on a porta bouquet (very rare)

The main characteristics of the style - consideration of factors:

plant community
plant physiology
Form
Direction of travel
Structure
Asymmetry or symmetry
Proportions
Stepping
grouping
Environment
Number of growth points
Free space
Examples in nature
Color and shape in nature
Season

Several factors can be considered, but not all.

Floristry is an art form that has its own characteristics. There are no specific rules for composing bouquets, but there are styles based on certain principles. There are four such styles:

The vegetative style is the most natural, natural, that is, a bouquet of flowers is made as simply and as close to reality as possible.

When working on a composition, the florist must pay attention to its appearance, form of growth and plant community. TO distinctive features vegetative style include:

asymmetric placement;
the most dominant large group, and the balance is provided by a smaller group located remotely;
vegetative style requires attention to the natural arrangement of flowers and plants - that is, the way they grow in natural conditions.

decorative style

This style is taken as a basis when bouquets of flowers are created. The photo shows that the number of flowers is different, and they are designed for storage in vases.

The features of this direction of floristry include:

fastening on floristic foam;
plants do not stand out, because the main goal is to express the unity and integrity of the composition without an emphasis on individuality;
bouquets are filled tightly, that is, numerous plants are located as close to each other as possible.

shape-linear style

This floral style focuses on lines, shapes and contours. Most often, on the basis of this direction, modern beautiful bouquets of flowers are created (the photo confirms that compositions can be very different).

The distinctive features of the style include:

attention to shapes and lines and their combination;
the minimum set of materials used;
rigor and clarity of lines.

parallel style

This style is often found in nature, which is why it is loved by many florists. Parallel style suggests that vegetative or non-vegetative materials are arranged parallel to each other. The direction requires careful attention to proportions, color and shape, and the bouquets themselves can be symmetrical and asymmetrical.

Principles of correct composition

Any work of art is created on the basis of certain rules. Bouquets of flowers in the pictures look interesting and spectacular, but you need to understand how such an effect is achieved.

To create a beautiful floral composition, you need to be able to compose it:

Choosing color combinations

The color scheme should be harmonious, and this is achieved in four main ways:

A combination of contrasting colors that will be located opposite each other
A combination of similar shades that are located in the composition next door
Using different shades of the same color
A combination of colors from different parts of the color wheel

Bouquet ideas based on contrasting combinations colors variety. The basic rule of this method is to use plants of pure color: that is, combine blue iris with scarlet rose. Contrasting combinations, for all their harmony and optimism, should not be too catchy. The ideal composition is created by combining light shades - pink with muted blue, lilac with purple.

If you like discreet combinations, take a look at bouquet ideas based on similar combinations. In them, along with pure colors, you can use shades. In the ensemble of flowers, one color can prevail, but in shades: with the right selection, such floral compositions will look harmonious.

If you are for a riot of colors, then choose multi-color combinations. Ideas for bouquets are very different, and you can even use freshly cut flowers from your own site.

Symmetrical round bouquet

There are many techniques in floristry, thanks to which they look individual and original. Today one of the most popular is a symmetrical round bouquet. Symmetry is popular due to color variations of different lengths, which in combination provide a harmonious composition.

A round bouquet is created in a spiral:

the main flower is placed straight, the plants in the foreground lean from left to right, and in the background - from right to left;
each next flower is laid in a spiral slightly obliquely;
when filling the bouquet, its angle of inclination increases;
after a set of plants, the stems are cut off.

These beautiful bouquets of flowers are often created for a bride's wedding. You can decorate it using roses, carnations, iris, mini roses or asters. The main rule is that external and internal flowers should not differ much in length, because the roundness of the shape depends on this.

Biedermeier style

This style in floristry makes it possible to translate into reality different ideas. This is also a round composition, but the flowers in it are not collected in a spiral, but in the form of a concentric circle. The compilation scheme is as follows:

Work begins with laying the top flower.
Other flowers are arranged in a row around it.
The shape of the bouquet is very different. The pyramidal composition is created by flowers with long stems, flattened - by flower heads often without a stem.
Biedermeier involves the use of not only flowers, but also spikelets of wheat, rye, feather grass, asparagus, ferns. In a bouquet, they should create a concentric circle.
The cuff is made of paper napkin, fabric, ribbons or lace.

Photo beautiful bouquet flowers in the Biedermeier technique shows that small arrangements of small flowers can also be created. By the way, such a composition is considered one of the best for brides, so it is called the matchmaker.

You can also create it yourself:

We take mini roses and daisies.
We make cuffs from leaves.
We lay the top perpendicular to it - from several roses and daisies.
Roses and daisies are placed strictly symmetrically above the cuff. As a result, we get a circle.
Three more roses and daisies are placed in depth between the resulting rows.

Asymmetric bouquet

The ideas of such compositions are very different, but the main thing is the emphasis on the asymmetry of the form. Such bouquets look stylish and modern, especially if they consist of exotic plants.

Asymmetric compositions are created on the basis of two methods - according to the rule of three triangles and the diagonal method. Let's consider each method separately.

Three triangle method

The scheme for composing a bouquet is as follows:

To create a composition, 5 or 7 colors of two varieties are required.
The first flower - the apical one - is installed vertically, it will serve as the first element of the composition.
The second element is the base of the right triangle. The length of this flower can be different - it depends on the height of the bouquet itself. The main requirement is that the flower must differ from the first, apical, in height.
The second element is installed horizontally to the right side.
The third flower is set so that its top falls on the hypotenuse of the right triangle.
The fourth element is the vertex of the second triangle, and we will build it on the colors of a different variety.
The fifth element is laid horizontally - it should not be the same length as the second element of the bouquet.
The sixth element is installed on the line of the fourth and fifth. If you connect all the points mentally, the triangle will turn out to be equilateral.

Taping

This floral technique is popular because it involves the use of cut plants. A bouquet of wild flowers created in this way looks very nice. The essence of the technique is to keep the flowers fresh as long as possible, so numerous wedding bouquets are created on its basis. The essence of the method is as follows:

stems cut to a certain length are placed in a nutrient medium;
a special wire is inserted into the stem, and the cut itself is supplemented with a hygroscopic material with some kind of liquid;
the cut is processed with teip tape, which closes the wire insert into the stem and prevents moisture from evaporating.

The main rule is that the wire stems do not twist, but are parallel. Features of the taping technique are as follows:

The bouquet will be light and aesthetic.
Flowers keep fresh for a long time.
When taping, you can use flowers with heavy buds.
The technique makes it possible to create curly compositions of a certain shape. Therefore, in this way, you can create both a wedding composition and a bouquet of flowers "Happy Birthday".

On a porta bouquet

The main symbol of the wedding celebration is the bride's bouquet, and therefore close attention must be paid to its design. Floral compositions based on a port-bouquet stand are distinguished by their lightness, compactness, and convenience. The advantages of this design method include:

A variety of flower sizes - small or large, with buds or inflorescences, field or greenhouse.
Small sizes. The basis of the bouquet is light, and the flowers themselves can be held in one hand.
Durability. Such compositions retain freshness and aesthetic appearance for a long time.

Floristics for any holiday: what to choose?

Modern florists will offer a lot of ideas for creating flower arrangements for any celebration. Someone will choose a compact arrangement, while someone needs a large bouquet of flowers. On Valentine's Day, bouquets of bright red roses are most often created, which are made in the shape of a heart. Additions are created by white roses, freesias, lilies, white carnations.

And on February 23, you can prepare a bouquet. The main requirement for him is restraint. Compositions for men are made in a triangular, pyramidal and linear style.

A wide variety of ideas can be implemented when creating bouquets for March 8th. Most often they are formed from tulips, roses, daffodils, hyacinths or snowdrops. Beautiful compositions are created both from fully open buds - lush and juicy, and closed ones. Any color solutions of plants can be chosen.

Bouquets for a wedding are created on the basis of light-colored plants, but bright touches are also possible, especially if the bride is getting married in a dress of a certain style.

Key Points Vegetative style refers to the most natural presentation of flowers and plants. Particular attention is paid to: appearance, form of growth, plant community of plants. The most characteristic is the asymmetric arrangement. Commonly used materials: flowers, leaves, stones, driftwood, cones, twigs, moss, fruits, berries and other natural materials. Particularly careful selection and arrangement of material: flowers and plants should look natural - the way they grow in natural conditions. The purpose of the vegetative style is to reveal the beauty of plants most fully, vividly, effectively and naturally, that is, copying or imitation of nature is by no means necessary, although the selection and arrangement of the material must be done very carefully in order to preserve the natural appearance. This style is characterized by a free, identical to natural, arrangement of material.

Composition In the vegetative style, the composition is created in such a way that it looks natural and miraculous: mechanical cuts, artificial weaves, etc. should not be visible in it. The vegetative style is especially good in spring compositions to convey the awakening state of nature. The image of a waking forest - tender grass breaking through, thawed patches, the first snowdrops ...

Composition A vegetative composition can be built different ways. The most famous form is with one point of growth, when the material is arranged so that all the lines of the composition are visually and actually collected at one point. This point is in the vase where the plants are located. The visible main lines of the composition and the direction of movement of plants should not intersect in free space. In this case, the intersection of small lines is allowed. This classic form of vegetative style is also called vegetative with a valid growing point. In floristry, the growing point is the place where the lines formed by plants in the composition come out. Usually, florists perform an asymmetric arrangement of three groups: main, opposite and neighboring. At the same time, the growth point of these three groups of different sizes should in no case be located in the center of the vase. It should be moved to the side, as well as forward or backward from the geometric center. The sociology of plants is taken into account (forms of significance - groups of plants depending on their shape, flowers, size and rarity. The division of flowers into forms of high, medium and low significance allows the florist to take into account the characteristics of each plant when creating different compositions) - a flower of low significance is not put in the composition higher than medium and large, respectively. It is obligatory to preserve the natural forms of growth, sizes and images of plants. One arrangement uses flowers from only one season and one geographic range.

Composition of potted plants Before you start creating a composition of potted plants, you need to find out where it will stand - at home or on the street, and what it is intended for. The choice of plants, plant substrate and vessels depends on its location. It is necessary to take into account the plant community of plants and their physiological characteristics: the need for a certain air temperature, the amount of light, water. It should also be remembered about the rules of the school of floristry, that is, plants must be correctly selected in size, appearance, shape and growth rate, structure and grouping possibilities. The vessel also plays an important role in the composition. It should be a harmonious whole with the plant, so when choosing a vase or pot, you need to pay attention Special attention on their ratio in size, color, texture and structure of the material. For the vegetative style, ceramic vessels and vases made of natural stone, discreet, neutral in color

Composition with an imaginary point of growth Plants visually seem to diverge from one point of growth, which is located not in the vessel, but under it. In this case, as a rule, a point is created by the intersection of three or more basic groups. Otherwise, here you should follow the rules for creating a vegetative form with a valid growth point. Parallel-vegetative composition Naturally set, as if intertwined flowers. The wreath is harvested from plants so that they appear to grow naturally from his body. Plants can be taken along with their roots to prolong their life for a while. It makes sense to collect such a wreath on a sphagnum substrate. In this case, it is necessary to take into account not only the plant community of plants, but also their dependence on environmental conditions. The rounded shape of the wreaths still does not allow to fully show the natural beauty of flowers.

Bouquet When composing a bouquet, a florist must rely largely on his intuition, since in this case he has to take into account not only the rules of floristry, but also the assembly technique. Therefore, it is much easier to show the beauty of a flower in a vegetative arrangement than in a conventional tied bouquet. It is very important to choose the right vase - its artsy shape or too bright color glazes can ruin the beauty of the bouquet. A wedding bouquet can also be made in a vegetative style. In this case, it is necessary to select and arrange plants in such a way that every movement of leaves and flowers is natural. However, practice shows that wedding bouquets are rarely made in a vegetative style.

The main characteristics of the free-form vegetative style When creating such an arrangement, one should try to take into account the following factors: the plant community of plants; plant physiology; form; direction of movement; structure; asymmetry or symmetry; proportions; stepping; grouping; environment; number of growth points (one or more); free space; examples in nature; the color and shape of the vase; season. When composing a free-form composition in a vegetative style, it is not necessary to take into account all of these factors, it is enough to pay attention to only a few.

Vegetative style call the most natural representation of flowers and plants in a composition. At the same time, the florist, working with the material, should pay special attention to the appearance, form of growth and the plant community of plants.

For the vegetative style, an asymmetric arrangement is most characteristic. With this arrangement, the largest group plays the dominant role. The balance in the composition is achieved with the help of a somewhat smaller, opposite group, which is placed at a distance, and a small, neighboring group is located closer to the main group. Working in a vegetative style requires particularly careful selection and placement: flowers and plants should look natural as they grow in natural conditions. Vegetative composition can be built in various ways.

The best known form is one point of growth when the material is arranged so that all the lines of the composition are visually and actually collected at one point. This point is in the vase where the plants are located. Visible and directions of movement of plants should not intersect in free space. In this case, the intersection of small lines is allowed. This classic form of vegetative style is also called vegetative with a valid growing point.

Typically, florists perform an asymmetric arrangement of three groups: main, opposite and neighboring. At the same time, the growth point of these three groups of different sizes should in no case be located in the center of the vase. It should be moved to the side, as well as forward or backward from the geometric center.

In another form of vegetative composition, plants visually seem to diverge from one point of growth, which is located not in, but under it. In this case, as a rule, a point is created by the intersection of three or more basic groups. Otherwise, here you should follow the rules for creating a vegetative form with a valid growth point. Florists who have mastered the construction of these forms can give free rein to their

Accent- Emphasizing something. Emphasis is usually formed by a small amount of material in relation to the entire work and can be created by shape or color.
Accent color- contrasting opposition of a small amount of a color to a large amount of another color to give the work a special expressiveness. An example is a bouquet that is 95% made up of yellow and green leaves, and the accent is only 5% - for example, some blue element that looks like a color point in the bouquet. If these colors are taken in equal quantities, then the accent will not work. The accent color should also not be scattered, as in this case the accent is lost. The shape of a small color accent can be very different, for example, a line, a circle, or any other.

Accent textured (structural)- emphasis made with the help of texture or surface structure. For example, if a little velvety material is put together with a lot of metal texture material, then the velvety texture will create an accent. In this case, color plays a subordinate role.

Accent form- contrasting opposition of a small amount of any form of material to a large amount of another form. For example, such an accent creates a round element in a composition assembled only from strict direct material, etc.

asymmetry- arrangement order (free order). If the elements on both sides of the axis are not the same, then they speak of an asymmetric arrangement. She looks free and natural. If the work is done in free arrangement, then it should consist of at least two unequal parts, but three are most often arranged. Distinguish between the main group, opposite and neighboring. The main group is the largest, with an asymmetric arrangement, it is never placed in the center, but shifted to the right or left, forward or backward. The opposite group, the second largest, is placed further from the main one. The smallest, neighboring, group is closer to the main one and supports it. Asymmetrical placement must be optically balanced. If the main group is located to the left of the geometric center, then the opposite group is placed further from it - according to the principle of a lever. The smaller the opposite group compared to the main group, the further it is placed. The neighboring group is located to the left of the main one. At the same time, its three parts must correlate with each other. The florist creates asymmetric works not with the help of exact calculations and rules, but intuitively, trying to give the works a natural look. After all, asymmetry corresponds to the nature of plant material and looks light and mobile. An asymmetric arrangement is performed when it is necessary to emphasize a joyful or cheerful occasion for creating a composition. It is often referred to when working in form-linear or vegetative styles. Light and luminous colors enhance the expressiveness of asymmetric works.

achromatic colors- black and white and all shades of gray in between.

Basis- the basis or starting point of floristic work.

Bouquet- related flowers.

Biedermeier bouquet- a dense bouquet closed along the contour, in which the material is collected in concentric circles.

decorative style bouquet- a bouquet with dense filling, closed or open along the contour.

Bouquet for the bride- a special floral decoration for the bride in the form of a bouquet.

Bouquet form-linear style- the creation of such a bouquet is based on the contrast of shapes and lines.

Vegetative bouquet- related floristic work mainly from cut flowers and greenery. I pay special attention to the individual characteristics of plants, their form of growth, habitat and belonging to the plant community.

Vegetative style- floristic style. Works in this style look natural.

Wreath- form-work in the form of a circle with a symbolic meaning: a funeral wreath; wreath of the winner; table wreath; wreath for interior decoration; advent wreath (advent wreath); wreath for the harvest festival; easter wreath; head wreath.

Primary colors- yellow - red - blue - green. The primary colors consist of three primary colors and one mixed color (green).

decorative style- floristic style. In this style, the main thing for the florist is not to reveal the features of each plant, but to subordinate them to the idea of creating a new expressive whole, when the plants, having partly lost their individuality, look in a new way. The main feature of the decorative style is dense filling, that is a large number of plants close to each other. When creating a decorative work, the florist must be aware that the result of his work, first of all, depends on the shape and color of the selected plants.

Decorate- to decorate, decorate.

Dominant- the most important component anything.

Additional colors Colors that lie opposite each other on the color wheel. For example, red and green (opposite colors).

Laws of composition- general and special knowledge about the construction of the composition and about color science.
"Golden section" - division of a segment into unequal parts, for example, in a ratio of 3:5:8 or 1:1.6

historical style- features of art of any era or culture.

Composition of potted plants- floristic work, which consists mainly of potted plants planted in planters, pots or vases.

Corsage (boutonniere)- a small floral decoration (head decoration, decoration on a dress, etc.)

Material (non-vegetable)- basic and auxiliary materials of a non-vegetable nature, for example, wire, ribbon, beads, etc.

Oasis (floristic sponge, floral foam, piaflor)- artificial porous material with capillary properties, well absorbing and retaining moisture for a long time. Flower stems are inserted into the oasis when making a floral composition. The main functions of an oasis are to hold flowers securely and retain moisture so that the flowers stay fresh longer.

Parallel Bouquet- floristic related work from cut flowers and greenery. Most of the plant material is placed in parallel. Unlike other bouquets, the bunch (it may be more than one) also plays a decorative role.

parallel style- floristic style.

dense forms- dense filled forms of plants of average value. For example, a terry peony.

Portfolio holder- a simple technical design, which houses the "oasis" sponge soaked in water or a special solution. Portbouquet holder allows you to keep flowers fresh longer, keep them in a given position. The plastic handle of the portfolio holder replaces the flower stems. Most often used to make a bridal bouquet.

Order- a certain arrangement of elements as the initial principle of construction.

Proportions- the ratio of size and quantity. In floristry, there are identical (equal) and unequal ratios. For example, 50:50 or 30:50 (" golden ratio» .

arrangement- a certain principle on which order is built.

1. Strict order - symmetry

2. Free order - asymmetry

Plants of dominant forms- dominants - plants of great importance, for example, eremurus.

Plants of mass forms- plants that show their best decorative forms, not collected separately, but in a mass, for example, moss. Forms of little value.

plant material- all plants and parts of plants, e.g. leaves, flowers, stems.

ranks- in floristry, simple and rhythmic rows are distinguished. They are performed by identical or unequal elements following one after another, repeating in a certain rhythm.

free order- the order of placement (asymmetry).

Material properties- the nature of the material in terms of its texture and structure. For example, glass is transparent while ceramic is opaque.

Binding colors- colors that optically link other colors - green and brown, as well as white and gray.

spiral bouquet- when assembling such a bouquet, flowers are placed in a spiral around a central upright element.

Floristic style-

2. Vegetative style.

3.Shape - Linear style

4. Parallel style

In addition, a large number of their options are used in floristry. Another classification of works is also possible (according to the method of creation).

Compositions with one point of growth (radial):

a) decorative

b) form-linear,

c) vegetative

d) free

Compositions with multiple growth points (parallel):

a) decorative

b) graphic

c) vegetative

d) free (or objects)
Surface structure (texture)- the impression made by the surface of vegetative or non-vegetative material. Surface properties also affect its color. Using material of the same structures, you can achieve harmony of elements in the composition, and from different ones - contrast, tension.

Structural bouquet- as a rule, it is performed in a decorative style. The bouquet is collected in such a way that on its surface there are areas of different heights and sizes in the form of spots, lines, etc. The main thing that is emphasized in the material is the structures and textures of the surfaces. New textures and structures can be created from groups of plant elements.

Stepping- spatial distribution of the same forms with their different setting in height and depth of work.

Theory of floristry- a systematic presentation of the basic laws and concepts of floristry, such as, for example, the arrangement order, style, etc.

Technics- methods of processing and working with plant materials.

Form-linear- floristic style. When working in a form-linear style, it is important for the florist to achieve a strong combination of shapes and lines, and the amount of material used should be kept to a minimum. In a form-linear composition, the form can be not only a ball, a cube and other geometric bodies, but also a sheet plane. The form-linear style is characterized by an asymmetric arrangement, but in some cases symmetry is also acceptable. When creating a composition, special attention should be paid to the appearance of plants, their features.

Formation- a large number of identical parts assembled together, for example, 50 lyatrises placed in parallel.

Form work- one of the sub-forms of the decorative style. Usually these are traditional works - a wreath. Garland, Biedermeier bouquet.

Frieze- flat work in the form of a strip or ribbon, usually with a vertical ornament or some kind of figured pattern. A frieze is used to divide or decorate a wall.

Color- the property of light to cause a certain visual sensation in accordance with the spectral composition of the reflected or emitted radiation.

1st order colors- primary, or primary, colors. Yellow - red - blue. These are pure, unmixed colors.

2nd order colors- secondary colors. Mixed colors obtained by mixing equal parts (50%) of two primary colors. Orange - purple - green. For example, 50% yellow and 50% red make orange.

3rd order colors- mixed colors obtained by mixing equal parts (50% each) of the main color and the color of the 2nd order. For example, 50% yellow and 50% orange gives a yellow-orange color. Other colors of the 3rd order are also obtained: red-orange, red-violet, blue-green, yellow-green.

Color harmony- color harmony is created by different colors, close or far apart from each other in the center circle and taken in certain quantitative ratios.

floristry- a systematic idea of color. For instance. Color wheel, color star, color harmony.

color star- a star built on the basis of the color wheel and created by mixing its colors with the colors of the achromatic series - white and black, that is, by lightening and darkening the color.

Colour contrast- different colors or different shades of the same color, opposed to each other.

Color circle- a systematic representation of flowers in the form of a circle. Initial are three primary or four primary colors.
Centrifugal force - if the body of the wreath is too thin, then the wreath will move outward, out of the circle.

Sketch- preliminary image, sketch