The benefits of dynamic gymnastics for babies. Dynamic gymnastics for newborns. The basics of dynamic gymnastics: is it worth it to start

A newborn baby is vital not only sleep, nutrition and mother's warmth, but also physical activity. Many parents use regular exercises, while others choose dynamic gymnastics. Only it should be performed correctly and very carefully so as not to harm the baby. What outweighs in application - benefit or harm? How to do it right? Let's figure it out together.

Dynamic gymnastics - what is it?

Dynamic gymnastics, developed by M. Trunov and L. Kitaev, differs from ordinary exercises in a more energetic set of exercises aimed at shaping and strengthening the muscles of an infant. In addition to the usual elements of charging and massage, dynamic gymnastics also combines exercises to improve the vestibular apparatus. So, an adult throws, swings and rotates the baby, holding the arms or legs. Outsiders are most often horrified by such acrobatic etudes, automatically recording "desperate" moms and dads as crazy.

Indeed, such exercises are not quite common, so parents, before moving on to practical exercises, need to carefully study and understand the sequence of applying dynamic charging and increasing the load on babies.

So, there are several types of dynamic gymnastics exercises:

hardening;
massage;
ball exercises;
air exercises.

All these procedures must be combined so that their effect on the baby is as effective as possible.

Benefits for newborns and babies

Adherents of this set of exercises are confident in its great benefits for kids. Among the advantages of dynamic gymnastics, its positive effect is usually distinguished not only on physical development, but also on the general psychological state of newborns. What else is it useful for?

Dynamic charging helps the baby to better navigate in space.
It allows you to correct the muscle tone of the baby, strengthens the muscles, develops the joints of the arms and legs and develops flexibility.
With its help, there is an effective development and improvement of the vestibular apparatus in a newborn.
It strengthens the nervous system of the baby, its immunity.
Also, such a set of exercises is considered a good opportunity to establish trusting and friendly relationships with adults and, accordingly, with the outside world.
It is believed that dynamic gymnastics compensates for the lack of birth experience in children born by caesarean section.
Parents who use dynamic exercises to work with babies note that they have a good appetite, sleep soundly and are much less likely to be capricious.
Early training reduces the level of injuries in the rest of your life. Babies, trained from the first days of life, are unlikely to twist their leg or break their arm while actively playing sports.

Possible harm to babies

Let's see if dynamic exercises are as good as they say. Such acrobatic "tricks" look quite risky, and many experts question the safety and benefits for babies of this kind of exercise. What arguments do opponents of dynamic gymnastics give?

Such physical exercises are stressful for the newborn. After all, dynamic charging often begins to be used within a couple of weeks after birth. It is believed that the increased release of stress hormones in infancy can lead to the appearance of hyperactivity in preschoolers.
Dynamic gymnastics is based on the innate reflexes of babies - in particular, the grasping reflex and the Moro reflex. Exercise artificially stimulates them, while normally they should gradually fade away by 2-4 months (read the article on reflexes).
It is sometimes difficult for inexperienced parents to calculate the optimal load. Therefore, intensive exercises can lead to sprains of the newborn, microtrauma of the tissues of the joints, and impaired blood circulation. In the future, problems with the ligamentous apparatus are possible.
Psychologists are sure that due to the fact that the baby from an early age gets used to the sensations of speed, takeoff and fall, he does not develop a natural fear of heights. At an older age, underestimating the danger of a situation can cause a variety of injuries.

Avoiding negative consequences: the rules of gymnastics

So, you have seen a lot of arguments both in favor of dynamic gymnastics and against it. Of course, only parents make the final decision. If you are sure that such exercises are necessary for your baby, we will tell you how to secure classes.

Exercise should begin four weeks after the baby is born.
Consult with your pediatrician first about the presence or absence of contraindications. If the baby is healthy, he can be engaged in dynamic exercises.
You should not perform exercises based on materials from the Internet or tutorials. To get started, contact an experienced instructor for advice and services. He will show and teach how to properly organize classes.
Minimize the chance of injury - secure your training area to avoid consequences due to possible falls.
Correctly assess your own strength, avoid using extreme exercises. Choose a gentle exercise program.
Start the exercises after a warming massage, thereby preparing the muscles and ligaments for work. The duration of the first lessons is 8-10 minutes. Do them slowly and very carefully so as not to scare the baby, increase the load and pace gradually.
Do not exercise immediately after feeding, wait at least an hour. This is especially important for ball exercises.
If the child is not in a good mood, do not force him to do exercises because you need to. Better wait for the time when everyone will have a wonderful mood. Dynamic gymnastics should become as common a ritual for a baby as feeding or bathing.

We take into account contraindications

Dynamic charging can be useful for a newborn, subject to a competent approach and taking into account contraindications. The danger of such exercises is as follows:

the presence of hip dysplasia in a baby and other pathologies of the musculoskeletal system;
deviations in the work of the cardiovascular system of the child;
neurological diseases, including increased intracranial pressure.

Dynamic gymnastics is strictly contraindicated for six-month-old babies who have not previously received such procedures. If the baby has not been engaged with the baby on a regular basis since the age of one month, then at the age of six months such exercises will only bring harm, not benefit. You should also remember that if the child did not like the classes or he feels bad after them, be sure to cancel the gymnastics. You should not experiment with the health of the baby!

When choosing dynamic gymnastics to improve the physical development of a newborn, study all the pros and cons, consult a pediatrician about possible contraindications. Only if you take precautions will exercise help your child grow up healthy and happy.

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Video: Dynamic gymnastics for kids

The main exercises of dynamic gymnastics: hangs, cross, humpty dumpty, octopus, shorties:

P.S. Many experts are sure that the sooner you start working with the baby to develop certain skills, the sooner he will receive the abilities and skills that are important for a full life. Numerous systems of early education and development of children are built on this principle. We offer a brief description of the most popular methods today so that you can navigate and choose the one that will help you maximize your child's inclinations - An overview of popular methods of early child development with video consultations and films

What parent doesn't want their baby to be healthy? That is why modern mothers and fathers are increasingly turning to methods of early development of children, as well as various sets of exercises that are designed to strengthen the body of a crumb that is only adapting to the conditions of the outside world. And one of the most optimal, albeit controversial, options for realizing these goals is dynamic gymnastics, which is suitable for newborns, infants and children over a year old.

The essence of dynamic gymnastics

This complex of intensive classes of a therapeutic and health-improving nature is designed for the development of babies from birth to a year and older. The main feature of the exercises is that, along with traditional massage elements, they also include:

gymnastics with the support of the child by the arms or legs;
games;
hardening.

In addition, dynamic gymnastics is the first experience of communication between parents and a baby in a language of sensations and touches understandable to a toddler.

The main principle of dynamic exercises is that both the baby and the parent enjoy the exercises.

Opinion of pediatricians

The attitude of doctors to this method of child development is ambiguous. Some argue that active physical training with a newborn contributes to:

reduce the risk of childhood injuries;
improvement of the vestibular apparatus;
harmonious mental development;
stabilization of the digestive tract;
the speedy development of the skill to hold the head, roll over, sit and walk;
acceleration of metabolic processes;
establishing trusting relationships with loved ones, which means the formation of a self-confident personality - benevolent and open to the world.

You can start classes only when all the theoretical aspects of the methodology have been studied and all the questions of interest to the specialist have been asked.

As for the antagonists of the technique, they focus on such aspects as:

lack of consideration for the individual characteristics of the newborn (the little one is introduced to active pastime or hardening when it is still difficult to say what his temperament is);
injury risk of some exercises (sharp scrolls, turns);
erasing in a child the boundaries of what is safe and dangerous to health (many babies after a year do not feel anxiety before jumping from a great height or falling).

For those who have not yet decided on their attitude to dynamic gymnastics (dynamics), it will be useful to know the opinion of the famous pediatrician E. O. Komarovsky. Evgeny Olegovich reconciles opponents with a recommendation not to go against himself, that is, not to perform those exercises that cause fear (in mother and baby) or seem extreme.

At what age to start classes

Heated debates about the age at which dynamic gymnastics is allowed to begin do not stop to this day. Some pediatricians claim that it is possible to practice from the second week after birth, since at this time injuries of the joints and tendons are practically excluded due to the proportionality of the development of the muscles of the little one to its low weight. Other experts insist that dynamics should be practiced from the age of one month, when the baby has already more or less adapted to the world around it. And still others are generally of the opinion that it is necessary to introduce such active sets of exercises only from 3 months in order to give the muscles and bones a little stronger.

Opinion on the most appropriate age to start dynamics classes differ.

Rules for holding

In order to protect the baby from injuries as much as possible, the first classes with him should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. But if this is not possible, then parents should clearly understand the following rules.

The best time for dynamics is an hour after eating during the waking period.
The lesson lasts for 10-20 minutes.
Exercises are done every day, and begin with stroking - a kind of "warm-up".
The hands of an adult should be warm and smooth.
At home, it is better to choose a place covered with a mat, or perform gymnastics over a sofa.
You do not need to massage the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium where the liver is located.

If possible, it is better to conduct classes outdoors.

Safety

You should carefully study the features of gymnastics. Then classes will bring only joy and benefit.

All actions are done smoothly and at the same pace.
We start the dynamics with the exercise that the baby especially likes, and then alternate between “favorite” and “unloved”.
If the little one is nervous during the performance of some exercise, then it must be interrupted, and the child should be calmed down with something that causes him positive emotions. But it is necessary to return to the unpleasant later.
If, when performing some movement, the handle or leg of the crumbs began to click, the exercise must be interrupted and make sure that the child is not in danger. If his mood has not changed, then you can return to the lesson, but try not to load the clicked joint.
The number of repetitions of exercises should match the number of feedings per day.

Whatever exercise you do, remember that safety is paramount

Methodology of Mikhail Trunov and Leonid Kitaev

Specialists in early child development, baby yoga, swimming and hardening instructors Mikhail Trunov and Leonid Kitaev in 1993 published the book “Ecology of infancy. The First Year, which made a splash in the countries of the former USSR with its revolutionary views on therapeutic gymnastics with newborn babies.

The technique of dynamic gymnastics was used by Eastern doctors in the ancient world, and at the beginning of the 20th century, elements of dynamics were used to adapt children who were born with birth injuries.

According to the original methodology, classes can be conducted both in a group and individually.

The authors described 400 exercises for gymnastics, during which the parent should hold the child by one or two arms, legs, as if describing circles around his body. Thus, the baby gets acquainted with:

swings;
visas;
tossing;
rotations.

Trunov and Kitaev in their book claim that such training:

eliminate hypo- or hypertonicity of the muscles of the newborn;
activate the nervous system of the crumbs, since during the dynamics the child experiences many feelings, which provokes his brain to process thousands of signals about changing conditions, thereby coordinating the actions of all parts of the body;
strengthen the baby's muscles and reduce the risk of injury later;
develop flexibility;
improve coordination.

Moreover, regular exercise contributes to the fact that the child develops intellectually faster, and also imbued with confidence in parents.

Followers of the methodology

Many moms who are interested in the dynamics do not use the whole range of classes, but only some of the exercises.

Followers of the original methodology complement the system with baby yoga exercises

In addition to Trunov and Kitaev, Tatyana Sargunas, the founder of the movement for the development of perinatal culture in Russia, dealt with gymnastics with elements of hardening and swimming. Its methodology is based on the works of the Soviet and Russian teacher Boris Pavlovich Nikitin, one of the founders of the system of early development of children, as well as the author of the child's aqua development program Igor Borisovich Charkovsky. But in the gymnastics of Sargunas there are more water exercises, while Trunov and Kitaev pay attention to classes, games, and swimming. Hardening elements in the original method are introduced by the fact that the exercises are carried out in a well-ventilated, cool room, and the baby must be naked.

Dynamic gymnastics in action: progress in a year - video

Dynamics for newborns

Consider a set of exercises for the smallest.

Warm up

We undress the baby.
We stroke the tummy and legs.
With light movements, massage the fingers and feet.
Slightly turn the feet of the crumbs in one direction, and then in the other direction.
We stretch our legs: “walk”, “run”, “ride a bicycle”.
We hold the child by the knees and spread the legs in the hips to the sides.
We turn the little one on the tummy.
We spread his legs, making a "frog".
We stroke on the back, directing movements to the heart.
We substitute our palm under the heels of the baby and thus make an emphasis. We put a bright toy in front of the eyes so that the child has an incentive to push off from the support.

At any age, you need to start the dynamics with a warm-up

Exercises

Experts in dynamic gymnastics recommend monitoring the mood of the crumbs during classes and gradually increasing the number of exercises (their maximum number should coincide with the number of feedings per day - do not forget), starting with 2–3 of the simplest ones.

Exercises for newborns - table Classes on fitball and other elements of dynamics for babies up to 3 months - video

Dynamics for babies up to a year

From 2-3 months, the exercises become more active, turns, hangs, etc. are included in the complex of exercises. But you need to introduce such active elements gradually, starting with one (what the pediatrician will advise), and then adding the rest. From now on, gymnastics can be carried out on the street, and even in winter. But still, do not forget about the warm-up described above.

Safety

To the already mentioned rules of gymnastics, a few more are added:

do not try to do something that you are not sure about;
do not do exercises that the baby is afraid of;
to master the correct grip, be sure to consult with a specialist.

Grip when performing twists, turns and hangs should be worked out with a specialist

Exercises

Starting dynamics with a child, remember that only a doctor can choose the right complex after a thorough examination of the baby. But there are 5 exercises that, in the absence of contraindications, are suitable for everyone.

When performing exercises at height, you need to ensure that the baby is not afraid

Exercises for children up to a year - table A set of dynamics exercises for 3 month old babies - video

Contraindications

As already mentioned, the dynamic gymnastics complex must be approved by a pediatrician. As for the general warnings, they include the following points.

Incomplete possession by parents of the technique of conducting dynamics.
Lack of systematic classes up to six months. The fact is that the elasticity and mobility of the joints decreases every month, which means that exercises can harm the unprepared body of the baby.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Musculoskeletal problems such as hip dysplasia.
Deviations of the neuralgic plan, including increased intracranial pressure.

Before starting the dynamics, the child should be examined by medical specialists

Dynamic gymnastics for babies is an effective way to help the baby develop harmoniously, not only physically, but also intellectually. And the most important thing is that in the process of classes the child receives a powerful charge of positive energy from an adult. Not without reason, for some families, dynamics is an ideology. But it is strictly forbidden to start exercising without the consent of the doctor.

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For newborns and infants in the first year of life, physical development plays an important role. After all, the baby gradually learns to control his body, learns the skills and abilities that will help him adapt to life in a new world for him. And every parent wants their baby to be healthy. And many experts insist that sport from an early age is very useful for the development of children. And one of the ways of physical training for kids is dynamic gymnastics. Although many doctors are negative about this type of exercise, this gymnastics has been popular for a long time. When do you need to start exercising, and how to protect the baby from injury during exercise?

The principle of dynamic gymnastics: what is the point

From the moment the child is born, pediatricians recommend doing light massage and gymnastics every day. These are mandatory procedures for strengthening the muscles of the whole body. Only normal physical development is the key to the fact that the baby will learn to hold his head, then sit, crawl, stand up and then walk. But some parents prefer more energetic exercises - dynamic gymnastics.

Dynamic gymnastics includes a set of exercises during which the child's muscles are strengthened and developed. And also contributes to the training of the vestibular apparatus.

During classes, the instructor or parents swing, rotate and toss the baby

The exercises that adults perform with babies are more like acrobatic etudes, so many are perplexed at how such exercises can be performed with children under the age of one, when the baby's spine and bones are so fragile that they can easily be damaged. Dynamic gymnastics experts warn that not all parents can work with their children on their own. At first, it is recommended to attend classes with an instructor or invite him to your home.

Improper exercise technique can lead to various injuries to the baby. Therefore, parents should be extremely careful when exercising with tiny dynamic exercises.

Such gymnastics includes several types of exercises that must be performed in combination:

hardening: this does not mean that babies are poured with cold water from birth, absolutely not. The principle of hardening is to wear light clothes at home, the baby spends a lot of time without clothes, taking air baths. Older babies walk on the floor without socks. Every evening the child should take a cool bath, but they accustom the baby by gradually lowering the temperature of the water;
air activities: it is this stage that causes the most controversy among parents and doctors;
massage: helps to strengthen, relax the muscles of the whole body;
fitball exercises: recently, classes on this kind of simulator are very popular. Women begin to engage in even during pregnancy, then adapt to such activities and their child. Doctors speak positively about fitball exercises, tk. during classes, the muscles of the neck and back are strengthened, and the vestibular apparatus is also trained.

Positive aspects: what are the benefits for infants and newborn babies

It has a positive effect not only on the physical development of children, but also on the psycho-emotional state.
Thanks to vigorous exercise in infants, muscles are strengthened at an accelerated pace, the joints of the limbs are developed, and the flexibility of the whole organism develops.
A close relationship with parents allows the baby to better perceive the world around him, because. the child feels the closeness of the closest people and trusts them in everything.
Children quickly learn to orient in space. This is due to the fact that during the exercise, the baby sees objects from different angles.
It has a positive effect on muscle tone: it strengthens and increases their activity.
Strengthens the body's defenses, improves immunity.
Plays an important role in the development of the nervous system of the baby.
Improves coordination of movements in children.
Helps correct torticollis, normalizes the digestive system.
All metabolic processes in the baby's body are activated. Children with whom they are engaged in dynamic gymnastics can boast of an excellent appetite.
Based on the experience of parents, children who are actively involved in this type of gymnastics sleep well, are less naughty and completely non-irritable.

Fitball exercises are not only useful, but also fun

Experts in dynamic gymnastics believe that such a set of exercises is especially useful for children born by caesarean section. Indeed, at the time of birth, babies do not pass through the birth canal, which is provided by nature. During the exercise, there is a kind of compensation for insufficient generic experience. Thus, the mechanisms of adaptation of the child in the outside world are launched faster.

Dr. Komarovsky speaks positively about dynamic gymnastics with babies. However, he pays special attention to the observance of all the rules for the safe exercise, and also only at the request of the baby. If the baby is afraid, cries and does not want to do it at the moment or at all, you should not force him. All classes should be held in a playful way so that the baby feels comfortable and reliable. The same applies to parents: if adults are not confident in themselves, their knowledge and skills, you should not even start. It is better to go to an instructor or choose completely different exercises for your crumbs.

If you personally are scared - do not force yourself. In the end, scrolls and flips are completely optional. Those. I am for gymnastics, but without extremism.

What can be dangerous exercises of this kind

The first argument against dynamic gymnastics is given by doctors: many of them believe that such exercises are a huge stress for the baby. The child is just beginning to get acquainted with the world around him, new people and objects. Even the ability to get food and perceive it requires some effort, because all the organs and systems of the crumbs adapt to the new living environment. And during such energetic activities, a huge release of stress hormones occurs. Experts suggest that this situation can cause hyperactivity at an older age.
Not all parents are experts in the implementation of a set of exercises. Therefore, mistakes during classes can cause injuries to the vertebrae, sprains in the baby, microtrauma of the joints, as well as circulatory disorders.
Some psychologists put forward a theory with which many parents agree. Its meaning lies in the fact that children from birth get used to the feeling of flight, speed, but they do not fall, because. they are always held by the hands of an adult. In this regard, babies do not have a fear of heights, so for older children this can cause various kinds of injuries.

Video: Dynamic gymnastics for a baby of the first year of life

Author's method of dynamic gymnastics

In the early 90s, the book “Ecology of infancy. First year". The authors of this publication are swimming and hardening instructors, as well as baby yoga instructors Mikhail Trunov and Leonid Kitaev. The book made a mixed impression among young parents and doctors, because. on its pages were described very extreme exercises with newborn children.

The authors of the dynamic gymnastics methodology emphasize that they did not discover something new, but simply rely on historical data. In ancient times, women could not afford to simply sit at home with a newborn child. The loads and pace of life forced them to engage in physical labor almost immediately after childbirth. Therefore, they sought to adapt the baby as early as possible and adapt it to the new world, where great attention was paid to physical development.

Dynamic gymnastics is aimed at the rapid development of the baby's physical data

The essence of the technique is to develop the physical potential of the child in the first year of life. And only after that, parents can begin to develop the intellectual abilities of the baby. In their book, the authors described more than 400 different exercises, during which parents throw up the baby at a very active pace, shake and rotate it. At the same time, holding the baby by one or two arms, legs, and also rotating the baby around his body.

According to this technique, it is necessary to start exercising with babies from the first months of life and continue as long as the parents can hold the baby and perform exercises with him. But it is worth paying attention: if the child did not begin to study before six months, this cannot be done later. The fact is that the muscles of the crumbs are not prepared for these types of exercises and classes can cause sprains and injuries.

One of the main rules of dynamic gymnastics, according to the authors, is a properly organized space for classes:

the room should be well ventilated immediately before starting the exercises;
cool air in the room;
the baby must be completely naked.

Many parents do not use the full set of exercises, but choose only parts. Fitball classes are most popular, because. they do not require much preparation and special knowledge from parents.

Video: Dynamic gymnastics with a three-month-old baby

When and where to start

The opinions of experts on the optimal age at which you can start doing dynamic gymnastics with an infant differ:

some of them claim that the first classes can be carried out as early as two weeks after the baby is born. They argue their position by the fact that in this case the baby is protected from tendon sprains and joint injuries;
many pediatricians recommend starting exercises from the age of one month, when the baby gets a little stronger. The earlier classes begin, the better the child adapts to a new environment for him due to close contact with his parents;
however, there are also doctors who insist that it is better to practice dynamic gymnastics no earlier than the child is three months old. But the authors of the methodology argue that this is a rather late date.

Most experts are of the opinion that it is necessary to start accustoming the baby to dynamic gymnastics exercises from four weeks after birth.

Video: We start dynamic gymnastics

Basic rules for conducting classes

Before starting to introduce the baby to these types of exercises, it is necessary to consult a doctor. If the pediatrician and the neurologist do not mind, you can try to start exercising with the baby.
At the beginning, it is recommended to invite an experienced specialist who will show and explain how to properly perform various exercises.
The first lessons should not last longer than 8-10 minutes, so that the child is not tired and scared.
It is worth remembering that active exercises in the air should be done only after the massage, so that the muscles and ligaments are warmed up and prepared for further exercises. Otherwise, you can stretch the tendons in the baby.
It is recommended to perform classes daily, gradually increasing the procedure time from 10 to 20 minutes. It is not recommended to engage in more than this time with babies.
You can’t do it immediately after eating: it should take at least an hour and a half before starting the exercises. It is also not recommended to do dynamic gymnastics before going to bed: in the evening, the baby should be calm and relaxed.
In the warm season, when the air temperature outside is 20–25 C, it is better to do gymnastics outside.
During classes, the child should not be wearing clothes, or something very light: panties and a T-shirt, a bodysuit or one diaper.
If the child does not want to study, is naughty or cries, do not force him. It is better to postpone the exercises for another time or day. Accustom the baby to classes gradually so that he begins to perceive this as a kind of obligatory ritual.

The authors and followers of the methodology note the obligatory positive emotional state of the baby during the exercises. Parents should calmly talk with the baby during the massage, stroke it with warm hands, so that the child is not afraid. At the first stage, trusting contact is established between the baby and parents. Therefore, during the performance of such active elements of gymnastics, children are not at all afraid and are ready to trust adults in everything.

You can’t start classes immediately from the active part: the baby needs to be prepared through massage and conversations

How to avoid injuries and negative emotions: safety precautions

Despite the fact that all exercises are quite active, they are recommended to be performed at the same pace and smoothly so that the child is not afraid of sudden movements and does not stray from the familiar rhythm.
It is recommended to lay mats on the floor, and carry out classes in a free room or room where there are no sharp corners and other objects nearby that the baby can hit.
Instructors recommend always starting classes only with those exercises that the child likes, and then moving on to new ones or those that the baby does not really perceive.
If the baby is frightened during classes, parents should immediately stop doing the exercise and distract the baby. You can move to the ball, or show him a toy, relax the baby with light stroking movements. Then smoothly perform several exercises that the child perceives easily and with pleasure. But the next day, it is recommended to try again to complete the task that the baby did not like.
Often, during the execution of some elements, the baby clearly hears clicks in the joints of the arms or legs. This should not be so, therefore, the lesson must be stopped and checked if everything is in order with the child: you can bend the limbs, if the baby does not react with crying, then everything is in order. In the case when the mood of the crumbs is good and nothing hurts, the lesson can be continued, but make sure that there are no clicks and do not put a lot of stress on those joints that clicked.

Video: How to hold a baby

In what cases is dynamic gymnastics contraindicated?

Such exercises can be useful only if contraindications are taken into account. In some cases, a specialist may categorically forbid parents to engage in dynamic gymnastics with an infant. Therefore, children who have the following diagnoses cannot practice these types of active activities and exercises:

hip dysplasia;
congenital pathologies of the musculoskeletal system;
increased intracranial pressure;
lesions and disorders in the work of the nervous system;
congenital heart disease;
the age of the child is six months and older to start classes.

How to deal with newborns

As we said earlier, dynamic gymnastics consists of several stages. For newborns, only massage and fitball exercises can be performed. The most active set of exercises - exercises in the air, is allowed to start no earlier than the baby is one month old. And in the first month of life, it is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the body and physically develop the baby with the help of massage and exercise. First of all, you should do a massage and warm-up for the crumbs in order to prepare the body for more active exercises in the air:

position on the back, with stroking movements from top to bottom, runs along the arms and legs of the baby, along the stomach;
then you should perform a light massage of the fingers of the crumbs. You can use rubber balls;
foot and toe massage. Turn your feet to one side and the other;
alternately bend the baby's legs;
grab the child’s knees with your hands and spread your legs apart;
in the position on the stomach, spread the legs of the crumbs to the sides: the “frog” position;
perform stroking movements on the back, legs and arms of the baby.

Fitball exercises must be performed after a warm-up and active exercises in the air.

Table: Exercise for newborn babies

It should be remembered that one exercise should be repeated as many times as the number of feedings the child receives per day.

After the massage, you can move on to more active activities - exercises on the fitball:

the baby should be placed on the stomach. An adult holds the baby behind his back with one hand, and both feet with the other. We begin to rock the baby back and forth, and then to the sides. The exercise can be repeated five to six times;
Light swaying trains the baby's vestibular apparatus
we continue to rock, but the baby lies on its back;
During the exercise, you need to talk with the baby
This exercise is performed in two positions: first on the back, then on the stomach. Put the baby on the fitball, hold the legs with one hand, and press the buttocks a little with the other so that the ball under the child springs a little;
"Spring" exercises can be performed both on the stomach and on the back
the child lies on his stomach. We put a bright toy on the floor. Holding the baby by the legs, you need to tilt the ball so that the baby tries to touch the toy.
This exercise perfectly trains the muscles of the neck.

These two stages must be performed in a complex daily, so that the child gradually gets used to and perceives physical exercises as a mandatory, daily ritual. A month after birth, the baby will calmly accept massage and ball exercises in order to move on to more dynamic elements.

Video: Fitball classes with a baby

Dynamic gymnastics exercises for children up to a year

Starting from two to three months, you can supplement daily activities with more active elements. But you should not try new exercises all at once: you should start with one, if the child perceives it well and performs it with pleasure, after a few days you can add another, etc. When performing such actions, it is worth remembering the safety rules so as not to harm the baby:

the technique of performing all new elements must be shown by a specialist. The fact is that the correctness of the exercise depends on the capture. But it is difficult for parents to independently understand how to properly hold the child. In order not to harm the baby, it is better to come for a consultation with a specialist;
instructors do not recommend doing exercises when parents are unsure or afraid. The fact is that the effectiveness of the element depends on clear movements. But if mom or dad slows down or loses rhythm, it can lead to a sprain or dislocation of a limb. It is better not to risk the health of the baby;
if the child is afraid of some exercise, do not insist and continue to perform it. The correct option is to put this element aside for a while and try it later.

Video: Exercises with a four-month-old baby

Experts recommend choosing a set of exercises for each child individually, depending on the characteristics of the physical development and health of the crumbs. At the beginning, the instructors show the baby the simplest exercises so as not to scare the baby. With a two-three-month-old baby, you can perform the following exercises in the air:

sipping: the baby rests his feet on the stomach of mom or dad. Parents, in turn, pull the baby by the arms closer to them. Then lower the crumb to its original position;
rocking in the air: take the baby by both hands and lift it into the air. Then slowly spread your arms to the sides and back;
lift the child up and down, holding him by the hands;
while continuing to hold the baby by the hands, transfer the weight to one hand, and release the other for two seconds, then do the same with the other hand;
swing the baby forward, backward and to the right, to the left.
Rocking a baby in your arms is one of the first dynamic gymnastics exercises that a baby is introduced to.

We must not forget that all exercises in the air are possible only after a massage.

Video: Massage and gymnastics for three-month-old babies

As soon as the child gets used to the first exercises in the air, more complex exercises can be added. Experts recommend introducing your baby to a new exercise every three days. But this is provided that the child perceives the previous one well. There are times when the baby is happy to complete tasks, but he is afraid to do some elements or it is unpleasant for him. Do not force the baby, it is better to choose other exercises. Consider the most popular exercises that can be performed with children of three to four months:

cross: to perform this exercise, it is necessary to spread the child's arms in both directions. Adults take the baby and slowly lift it up, and then gently lower it back. This exercise can be done in a slightly different way: take the child by the hand with one hand, and the other by the leg. And spread both limbs in different directions;
This exercise is aimed at strengthening the muscles of the baby's arms.

monkey: securely grab the baby by the hands and gradually swing it. Then you need to take the child by the arm and leg and swing it in this way;

As practice shows, kids love this exercise very much: it gives them the feeling of flying

pendulum: take the baby by both legs with both hands. And start swinging the baby, first in one direction, then in the other direction. You can also lift the baby up and down. Then take the baby by the hands and repeat the exercise in this position;

The exercise is performed by holding the baby first by the arms and then by the legs.

fitball exercise: put the baby on the ball with your stomach, holding it by the ankles, slowly tilt it forward, then return it back. This not only trains the vestibular apparatus, but also strengthens the muscles of the neck and back.

As soon as the baby gets used to the head down position, swinging in different directions, you can start practicing flips, rotations and other elements that are more like acrobatic studies. From four months, you can supplement the classes described above with the following exercises:

rotation: take the baby with one hand by the leg, the other by the arm. Begin to actively rotate it, crossing your arms, first in one direction, then in the other;
casting: take the baby by the hands and start swinging in different directions. Gradually, the speed and amplitude of movements must be increased so that the baby's legs are higher than his head. When the child's body reaches this position, the adult takes one hand away from the chest, and presses the other, and the child's legs are thrown onto the adult's forearm. But you need to calculate in such a way that the baby leans his stomach on the hand of an adult;
Casts can be performed by holding the child with one hand by the arms, the other by the legs.
straight scroll: holding the child by the arms, swing him back and forth. Increasing the pace of movement, the adult helps the baby to make a fat back. But you should carefully monitor the baby's wrists: as soon as the child performs a scroll, the adult must turn his hands around so that there is no dislocation in the baby's wrists;
It is better not to perform this exercise on your own: the instructor should show it the first few times.
throw over the back: the child must be held by the legs and slowly rocked. Gradually, the adult increases the pace and throws the baby over his head. Here you need to be very careful so that the baby does not hit the instructor's back. To return to the starting position, you need to hold the baby over your shoulder.
One of the most dangerous exercises, because. there is a risk of injury to the infant

Dynamic gymnastics experts explain that parents choose a set of exercises on their own, based on the wishes of the crumbs. Those activities that cause fear and negative emotions in the child should be excluded from the set of exercises.

Video: Elements of dynamic gymnastics for a six-month-old child

Instructors warn that before starting classes and performing exercises in dynamic gymnastics, it is obligatory to consult doctors: a pediatrician, a neurologist and an orthopedist. Even the most minor birth trauma can serve as a contraindication to the implementation of such active elements. Parents who have never encountered this kind of exercise should definitely consult with experienced instructors who will help you understand the many intricacies of the technique.

Video: If the baby is afraid of what to do

Dynamic gymnastics for babies is quite a popular trend today. Many parents understand and agree with the statements that sports and early physical development are mandatory for the baby. However, not everyone understands the rather extreme types of exercises that are performed with children from the age of one month. In any case, the decision on the advisability of doing dynamic gymnastics is made only by a specific family, together with the doctor observing the baby. But if the doctor forbids such exercises, you should not neglect his recommendations so as not to harm the health of your crumbs.

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Babies experience the world through touch. It is important to accurately choose ways for the full development of the child's body. In addition to mother's tender words and affectionate smile, the baby needs help in psychological and physiological improvement.

What gymnastics to do to a newborn?

Caring mothers conduct massage exercises for children, do water procedures, or often prefer to walk outside. There is a set of actions aimed at the development of newborns.

These procedures are as follows:

performing simple gymnastics;
massaging;
game;
classes to improve the vestibular apparatus;
water exercises;
hardening;
dynamic gymnastics.

Dynamic gymnastics implies rapid physiological and mental development. During dynamic gymnastics, the baby is held by the torso, arms or legs and thrown up, turned over.

Dynamic gymnastics is performed in conjunction with massage, hardening, simple gymnastics.

Procedures are performed in the air, it is useful to combine exercises with a fitball. The whole complex takes place in the form of a game.

From what age is dynamic gymnastics used for newborns? Judgments differ in the instructions on the age stages of the initial actions. It is recommended to start classes from different ages:

from birth (immaturity of the joints allows the body to support its weight);
2 weeks;
3 weeks;
4 months (strong joints).

In any case, the decision will be made by the parents together with the pediatrician. Great importance is given to the health and mental readiness of the baby to perform classes.

The benefits of dynamic gymnastics for newborns

Dynamic gymnastics is of great benefit to a growing baby:

Rich interaction with mother or father. Adults feel the newborn better. The baby develops confidence in the new world outside the mother's tummy.
Maturation of the nervous system, friendliness, self-confidence, equanimity of character are developed.
The ability to navigate well in space is being formed - the child can see in three dimensions the objects around during classes.
Muscle tone is corrected - relieving tension or increasing muscle activity.
Normalization of physiological development.
Elimination of clubfoot and torticollis.
Regulation of the intestinal tract - constipation and colic.
Strengthening the immune and cardiovascular systems.
Development of adaptation mechanisms, especially in children after caesarean section.
Improved coordination of movements, elasticity of joints, vestibular apparatus.
Gaining understanding of the work of their own body - the baby understands his potential, learns to sit and walk earlier.
Activation of metabolic processes.
The abundance of oxygen in the body stimulates intellectual development.
Removal of psycho-emotional stress - perfectly and calmly falls asleep and wakes up.
Excellent appetite.
Elimination of prenatal and birth injuries.

There are many positive aspects. When establishing a trusting relationship between the baby and the mother (father), dynamic gymnastics will bring great joy and benefit to the participants in the process.

Why is dynamic gymnastics dangerous for babies?

Dynamic gymnastics is denied by some neonatologists and pediatricians. However, the benefits of classes are obvious - children's knowledge of the world is much more active, diseases are less common, colds are more easily tolerated, and all organs and systems are intensively formed.

The baby needs to be examined in advance. In some cases, dynamic gymnastics has limitations:

intracranial hypertension. With a strong excitability of the nervous system, dynamic gymnastics will harm the baby.
Uncompensated heart disease. The load on the child's body should be determined on an individual basis.
Joint disease at the genetic level. Restrictions are associated with a high load on the arms and legs.
Dysplasia, hip dislocation.
Classes older than six months. The weight of the baby and strengthened joints can provoke subluxations and injury to the joints.

It is necessary to observe the reaction of the newborn. Lack of interest or poor health at the end of the procedures indicates the need to stop this method of child development.

A set of exercises

Before classes, you need to prepare:

The baby needs to be "warmed up" - strokes and soft touches.
Simple massage.
Regular gymnastic exercises: the child lies on the back or on the tummy during the lesson.

Dynamic gymnastics for babies video:

At the end of the initial stage, a basic set of exercises is performed. It is recommended to follow the rules for:

Everyday lessons.
The procedure should take 10-20 minutes, age and number of days are taken into account.
Dynamic gymnastics is not done after meals and before bedtime.
Morning exercises for newborns are the best time to do it.
Exercises are best done outdoors (20-25 degrees) or in a ventilated room.
Light clothing or no clothing.
Good mood.

The first exercises must be performed in the presence of an instructor who will teach you how to correctly grip the arms and legs of the baby, then you can do it yourself.

Dynamic gymnastics for babies 3 months. Dynamic gymnastics covers exercises in a hanging position with the help of pulling up and swinging - "Vasyulka", "Pendulum", "Wheel", "Stoechka", "Planochka". The instructors call these exercises differently, but the essence of their implementation is the same.

Dynamic gymnastics for babies 3 months video:

Dynamic gymnastics for babies 4 months. At this age, the baby is doing basic exercises well. You can add complicated exercises - rotational actions, throwing up, throwing on the thigh, arm or shoulder of an adult.

Dynamic gymnastics delivers delight and pleasure to mother and baby. If all the prescriptions and instructions for performing dynamic gymnastics are observed, the excellent development (physiological and mental) of the child is guaranteed.

Among the services of schools for young parents, such a type of developmental activities as dynamic gymnastics is increasingly common. Moms and dads have a lot of questions about this: how useful or dangerous are these exercises, how to deal with a child, at what age, are they suitable for everyone? Let's tell you what it is - dynamic gymnastics for kids, and how to do it.

The essence of the technique

Physical exercise is beneficial for the development of the baby, this is undeniable. Dynamic gymnastics is a separate system for the physical development of children. It differs from the usual one by the presence of a dynamic component. In ordinary gymnastics, the child lies most of the time, and the parents exercise his body. In dynamic complexes, the child is often in the air and is subject to active manipulation: he is lifted by the arms or legs, thrown, turned over, rocked, rotated, thrown over the arm or shoulder of an adult.

It is clear why there is a lot of controversy around this technique. Some consider it an excellent start for a small organism, others see it as only an unjustified risk of injury in an infant.

What is the beneficial effect of such activities on the child's body?

First of all, they contribute to the normalization of muscle tone, with which every baby is born.
Thanks to the active movement, such gymnastics contributes to the systematic strengthening of muscle tissues and improving the flexibility of the joints.
Movements in space perfectly train the vestibular apparatus. The ability to keep balance is necessary in particular for the timely development of independent walking.
Dynamic exercises help to harmonize the activity of the nervous system, strengthen immunity.
They improve blood circulation and contribute to a better saturation of the tissues of a small organism with oxygen.
Develop the respiratory system.
Adapt the baby's body to environmental stresses.
They help the child to establish a trusting relationship with his parents, and, accordingly, with the whole world around him, contributing to mental and intellectual development.

Many parents are scared off by the shortcomings of this system, which sometimes look intimidating:

high risk of injury (dislocations and subluxations, sprains, joint hypermobility, bruises);
stress for the child caused by a temporary loss of a sense of security, which, according to many neurologists, can become a cause of hyperactivity in the future;
an obstacle to the natural extinction of the reflexes of the newborn, on which dynamic gymnastics is based and which should normally fade away in the region of 4 months;
weakening of the instinct of self-preservation, which may in the future lead to an underestimation of the possible danger in different situations.

In any case, choosing this method for the development of their baby, parents take full responsibility for the possible consequences.

When You Can and Can't Practice

Of course, dynamic gymnastics can be useful for the development of all healthy children. But it acquires special significance for children born by caesarean section. The child is removed from the uterus a few minutes after the start of the operation. And the baby is deprived of a long adaptation period of childbirth, during which he, passing through the birth canal, prepares for new living conditions, developing the necessary adaptation reactions. Accordingly, adaptation does not occur. The baby does not get the first experience of overcoming stress, which in the future, according to perinatal psychologists, can significantly reduce his determination, will and endurance.

It is in such situations that dynamic gymnastics can teach a small body (respectively, the baby’s psyche) to endure high loads and adapt to stressful situations.

However, there are a number of cases when classes with children according to such a system are contraindicated:

increased or decreased tone, which is not physiological;
neurological diseases;
heart diseases;
high intracranial pressure;
joint dysplasia or their increased mobility, etc.

Therefore, before starting dynamic classes with their baby, parents should certainly show it to a pediatrician, orthopedist, neurologist.

When and how do we start?

So, if parents choose such a system of physical development for their child, where and when to start dynamic gymnastics for babies?

As for age, it is not recommended to start classes earlier than a month old, when the muscles and bones of the child are still too fragile. Parents should show not fanaticism, but prudence, thinking, first of all, about the well-being of their child, and not about how and how much he can “jump around” familiar kids. On the other hand, starting classes after 4, and even more so 6 months, if before that the baby had no experience of dynamic exercises, is also harmful, since the child is already gaining weight, and his muscles and ligaments by this age are not as elastic and supple as in 1–1.5 months. Accordingly, the risk of injury and sprains will be higher.

You need to do this gymnastics every day. The complexes usually begin with a warming massage (it includes stroking, kneading and rubbing), they continue their usual simple exercises for the arms and legs (swings, flexions, lifts), and only then they turn on the dynamics. As examples of the simplest dynamic exercises, one can name rocking the child back and forth with the support of the arms, vertical rotations (the baby is held by the arm or leg), rocking on the fitball, and others.

Starting classes, objectively assess your strengths. Watching videos on the Internet will probably not be enough. Let at least the first few sessions be conducted by a qualified specialist (chiropractor or rehabilitator), from whom you will learn how to properly manipulate the body of the crumbs, especially how to properly grab his joints in order to prevent injuries. Better yet, ask him for a training program in which the types and number of exercises will be selected in the desired progression.

Rules matter

So, whether or not to choose dynamic gymnastics for your kids is the will of the parents. But if they have already made such a choice, it is necessary to organize the process in such a way that the child receives only positive emotions and practical benefits from it. To do this, it is important to eliminate the risk of injury, take into account the age and condition of the crumbs. If he is not in the mood or is sick, he should not be engaged.

What do you need to know to do everything right?

Consider the physical condition of the baby. The lesson should take place either 1 hour before a meal, or an hour after. At the same time, the baby should be in an active state (not just woke up, not going to sleep). By the way, after a month and a half, periods of wakefulness begin to increase, which contributes to an increase in the arsenal of exercises.
To achieve the effect of hardening, the baby is completely undressed, and the temperature in the room is maintained around 22 degrees. To do this, you can either open the window, or ventilate the room before the gym.
The hands of an adult should be soft and warm. Therefore, at least they need to be thoroughly rubbed.
The surface on which they will deal with the crumbs should be flat and hard (it can be a regular table), it must be covered with a flannel diaper or a terry towel.
Children under one year old get tired very quickly from any physical or psychological stress, so do not exercise for too long: 15 minutes a day is more than enough.
Increase the load gradually. Remember that initially this is stress for the crumbs, do not make it excessive. A couple of simple exercises will suffice to get you started. It would be wrong, for example, from the very first day to start throwing the crumbs over the head or thigh of an adult. Gradually work up to 2 exercises per muscle group. The amplitude of movements, as well as their intensity, should also be increased gradually. That is why it is better that the classes are still conducted not by the parents themselves, but by experienced specialists.
Each exercise is repeated at least 3 times. In this case, it is recommended to alternate different types of load.
If in the process of training a child protests against an increase in the load, which can be expressed by discontent, whims, crying, muscle tension, it is worth stopping for a while at the achieved level without raising the bar, and sometimes it is even useful to “roll back” a little back. Remember that each child develops individually, masters various exercises - too. Therefore, when building a program of such classes, you need to focus primarily on the condition of the baby itself, on its progress, and not on any standards. Classes should bring joy to the baby, and not deprive them of strength.

What does it look like?

There are many dynamic exercises of varying degrees of complexity and intensity. Here are a few fairly simple examples.

The thumbs of the adult's hands are put into the fists of the baby, and he squeezes them. The remaining fingers of the adult's hands at the same time capture the back of the children's hands. The child is slowly lifted by the handles so that it hangs vertically. It needs to be shaken in different directions, then rotated vertically.
Having laid the baby on the tummy, he is lifted up by the ankles, spreading the legs in different directions. In this case, you need to be careful and control efforts so as not to stretch the tendons.
In the position on the tummy, the baby is taken by the lower leg and wrist, raised and lowered several times. Repeat on the other side.
The arms of the baby are spread apart, while gently lifting it up, then returned to its original position.
The baby is lifted by the handles and swayed, gradually increasing the amplitude. You can swing it by holding your hand and foot.

Dynamic exercises cause a lot of controversy for a reason. Even considering their usefulness for babies, parents often fear negative consequences. By the way, many mothers note that in the future, children with whom they were engaged in dynamics constantly need to splash out adrenaline, getting used to it from early childhood. We have to look for sports sections for them, often extreme sports become a way out ...

But if the benefits for parents seem more obvious, it makes sense to work with a professional so as not to harm your child with your own hands.

A newborn baby spends most of the time in a state of sleep, waking up only at certain times from feelings of hunger or discomfort. Meanwhile, he needs to develop physically from the first year of life. Gymnastics for newborns should become a mandatory regime item.

About the benefits of gymnastics

Although you should not convince anyone of the benefits of gymnastics, it has a special effect on babies:

Tactile contact with the mother has a beneficial effect on the mental state. The baby sleeps longer and more peacefully.
The kid knows his body and gets used to it. He develops the necessary reflexes, muscles and joints, develops coordination of movements.
In the process of training, metabolism improves, the work of the adrenal glands, and blood circulation accelerates. Charging provides a strong coupling of muscles and bones.

Thanks to gymnastic exercises, the baby learns to feel his body better, the work of the nervous system, which is responsible for the transmission of impulses from the brain to the muscles, is also improved.

According to pediatrician Komarovsky O.E., the state of their health in the future depends on how well the development of children from infancy is organized. Gymnastic exercises should be age appropriate. In combination with massage, active physical exercises will have a beneficial effect not only on the physical, but also on the mental development of the newborn.

The most elementary and common morning exercise that can be used after discharge from the hospital is the early laying out of the little one on the tummy. The baby will instinctively turn his head to one side at first, because it is easier for him to breathe in this position. Later, he will begin to raise his head up and try to hold it for a few seconds.

Exercise strengthens the muscles of the neck, back, shoulders, spine. After a few weeks, the child keeps his head in a raised state for a long time, then begins to raise his shoulders, then lean on his elbows and raise his body.

It is difficult to call it an exercise, but it is it that will help the baby adapt to the world around him after birth. Of course, the laying out time must be regulated so that the child does not get tired.

About the principles of physical exercises

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The newborn has a strictly regulated daily routine, so it is recommended to choose a special time for physical exercises. Better if it will be the first half of the day. If you manage to carry out exercises at the same time, then he will develop a reflex, at this time the baby will not be capricious. Some conditions that must be observed during the exercise:
Mom before starting gymnastics or massage with a newborn needs to thoroughly wash and warm her hands. The air temperature in the room should be 20 degrees. Before starting morning exercises, it is necessary to warm up the baby's muscles with a light massage.
Charging should be done one hour before feeding. The total duration of the exercises is within 15 minutes.
It is necessary to talk during gymnastics with a monthly newborn. If the child begins to act up, charging should be stopped.

It happens that dynamic exercises are contraindicated for babies. In this case, you can limit yourself to simply stroking the body over the entire surface.

While charging, it is necessary to talk with the child: this way he will be happy to study and the whole process will pass without negative emotions and worries
How to develop a baby physically?
In the first months of life, it is especially important to observe certain features of the child's behavior, his physical condition. As noted by the well-known pediatrician Komarovsky O.E., the most characteristic for them during this period is regurgitation, abdominal cramps, and constipation. There are 2 ways to protect against these manifestations - proper nutrition and sufficient physical activity.
At a time when the child is still a few weeks old, it is necessary to plan daily physical exercises in doses, increasing the intensity gradually, combining them with massage. At this age, all the muscles of the baby are in hypertonicity, so the exercises should be aimed at relaxation (we recommend reading:). The alternation of actions aimed at relaxing muscle tension includes massage and special gymnastic exercises:
Massage - it can be carried out without waiting for a doctor's appointment. It is worth learning the techniques of elementary massage for babies, after consulting with a children's masseur and start doing it yourself.
Gymnastics - is a morning set of exercises for babies, aimed at developing several muscle groups. All movements of the little one should be close to natural.

For the baby, his own body is a toy: he grabs his arms and legs, looks at them, plays with them, studying them, and thereby receives certain information about them. In gymnastic exercises, all parts of the body should be involved as much as possible. Gymnastics for babies and massage are carried out on a flat surface with a substrate made of a thin layer of foam rubber.
Classical gymnastics from birth to 2 months
A child in infancy does not have enough control over the body, the only thing he can do is unconsciously swing his arms and legs, so it is necessary to streamline his movements. For this, the most elementary, but very effective morning exercises are quite suitable. At the age of 2 months, you can carry out the same exercises, but increase their duration:
Crawling - the child needs to be turned over on the stomach, while the legs are bent at the knees. The palm must rest on his feet. Reflexively, he will push off from her and move forward. The kid can perform this action several times, but you should not abuse his patience.
Embryo - you should put the baby on the back. We fold the arms on the chest, pull the legs to the stomach. The baby's head should be carefully directed to the chest and held for a while.
Walking - holding the baby under the armpits, put his feet on the surface of the table, slightly tilt the body forward. He will instinctively begin to touch with his feet, slightly resting on the surface.
Bicycling is a traditional classic exercise (we recommend reading:). The child lies on his back, legs are bent at the knees, they need to be pulled up to the stomach in turn, simulating pedaling.
No need to be afraid to master the fitness ball. We put the child with his stomach on the ball with his arms and legs spread apart. The ball needs to be rocked with a small swing, making sure that the baby does not slip off.

Fitball exercises are a great option for kids from 1 month and older. The only caveat is that mom will have to be very careful so that the baby does not fall off the ball.
Classical gymnastics for newborns is recommended for children from 1 month old, then exercises for physical development can be transferred to a more complex level. Charging time is 10-15 minutes.
Classical gymnastics at the age of 3 months
By the age of 3 months, the baby is already trained enough, so you can add new elements to the exercises in the complex of morning exercises. When the baby is 3 months old, the exercises already mastered at 2 months old can be supplemented with the following elements:
Turning on the stomach - the mother takes the child by one hand. With the second hand, the mother captures both legs in the shin area. The side turn begins with the legs, then we pull the arm until it rolls over.
Incomplete sitting down - the baby lying on his back needs to give his thumbs so that he squeezes them tightly. With the rest of the fingers we grab the palm and lift it, not bringing it to a sitting position. As a result, the muscles of the press, neck, and spine are trained.
Sliding feet - lay the baby on his back, grab the legs below, slowly straighten one leg, performing a sliding movement with it. Then the exercise is repeated for the second leg.
Swimmer - the child lies on his stomach, the mother puts her hand under his stomach and chest, hold his legs with the other hand. It needs to be raised for a few seconds in the palm of your hand, the legs should be slightly higher than the head. This exercise is enough to repeat 1 time.

Exercises with the legs and feet are very important, because there are a huge number of vital points. In addition, it is the muscles of the legs that are responsible for the further motor activity of the child.
How are dynamic gymnastics classes conducted?
Dynamic gymnastics is considered one of the types of intensive developmental exercises. They differ in that the exercises increase the level of complexity. The main movements are rotation, swinging the child upside down or upside down, which parents do not need to be afraid of, since with appropriate training and accompaniment by an instructor, this can really be done without compromising the health of the crumbs.
For those parents who want to do dynamic gymnastics with their baby, you should not start it without having undergone preliminary training with a specialist. As with all training exercises for children, there are certain contraindications for their early implementation: increased muscle tension, abnormal development of the hip joints or their increased mobility.
Dynamic exercises
Dynamic gymnastics is carried out in specially organized groups under the guidance of instructors. Then, having gained experience, you can carry out such exercises on your own:
The child lies on his stomach. With one hand we take it by the handle in the wrist area, with the other - in the calf area. You need to lift it up a few times. Then the exercise is performed similarly on the other side.
The baby lies on his back. You need to take it with your hands by the ankles, lift it up by the legs, shake it with a minimum amplitude 3 times.
Put the child on his back on the crib, the mother's thumbs are in his palms, the wrists are clasped with the rest of the fingers. We gently raise him from the bed, then you need to throw the child up so that his arms are spread apart. Repeat 3 times.

These exercises are considered basic, with them you can gradually practice dynamic gymnastics. There are a lot of exercises in dynamic gymnastics that you can learn from an instructor by writing an individual program for a child. You can also watch the complex on the video to make sure that the exercises are safe for the child, if done correctly.
Before starting classes, it is appropriate to consult with specialists. Parents need to know that dynamic gymnastics can be traumatic for children. Good theoretical and practical training of parents and the absence of contraindications in the child are necessary.
Those parents who do not support adherents of dynamic gymnastics argue that it is traumatic. Parents who practice dynamic gymnastics believe that exercises strengthen the baby, correct muscle tone, develop the vestibular apparatus, and also strengthen psychological contact with parents.
Dynamic gymnastics for babies can be practiced intensively from 1 month or from one and a half. By this age, the baby is already gradually emerging from the early autistic stage of development and more actively responds to the people around him. If before that he only did what he was lying in one position, then thanks to gymnastics he will get acquainted with the world around him.

Gymnastics contributes to the physical development of the child. Strengthens the emotional bond between mother and baby. Simple exercises can be started from the second or third week of a baby's life. In this article, we will take a closer look at when and where to start charging. We will find out what exercises are suitable for a child from one month old.

The benefits of gymnastics for a newborn

Physical development of the baby;
Strengthening the immune system and the general condition of the body;
Strengthening and development of bones, muscles;
Formation of posture and abdominal press;
Reducing the hypertonicity of the muscles of the newborn;
Development of coordination of movements and vestibular apparatus;
Pressure stabilization;

Improved appetite;
Development of agility and endurance;
Gymnastics for newborns normalizes the work of internal organs and digestion, reduces gas formation and eliminates that torment children in the first 2-3 months;
Calming and relaxing effect, improving the functioning of the nervous;
The development of reflexes, the child's perception of sounds and movements;
Dynamic gymnastics for babies will help the baby start crawling, sitting, standing and walking as soon as possible;
Tactile contact establishes a psycho-emotional connection between parents and the child.

How to do gymnastics

It is important to know that gymnastics for newborns is different from exercises that can be done for babies older than one month. Before starting the introduction of any physical activity for the baby, be sure to consult a pediatrician to make sure there are no contraindications.

Light exercise for newborns is indicated for every baby, with the exception of children with severe neurological symptoms. The doctor will tell you when it is better to start active activities with the child, and what exercises are suitable for the baby, taking into account the developmental characteristics.

Gymnastics for newborns from the first days of life is not recommended. It is better to start the exercises from the second week after the birth of the baby. It is important that both gymnastics and go slowly and smoothly without sudden movements and strong loads without the use of effort.

Gymnastics for babies in the first month of life is carried out for 10-15 minutes half an hour before feeding. The exercise is repeated 3-5 times and done every day! Only in this way will you achieve maximum effect. In addition, such activity will become a habit for both parents and the baby.

Charging is best done in the morning. Set up a dedicated exercise area. It should be a hard surface on which to lay a blanket or diaper on top. Nothing should interfere with the baby and cause discomfort when he performs the exercises.

During the exercises, talk to the baby, tell nursery rhymes or sing songs. Don't shout or swear! Do not force the baby to do what he cannot do yet (for example, roll over or crawl). Don't overload your child! Do not force the baby to study if he is sick, feels unwell or is naughty.

Exercises for newborns

Morning work-out well tones the muscles. Many parents are interested in where to start such gymnastics. When the baby wakes up, put him on his back and help him stretch. Then grasp and gently shake your wrists, then grab and shake your ankles in the same way. Spread out to the sides and then cross your arms over your chest as if the baby is hugging himself. Take the child's wrists and gently lift them up one by one. This exercise is often referred to as a "mill".

Laying out on the tummy pediatricians are advised to do it without fail, since such an exercise improves digestion and eliminates colic, teaches you to raise and hold your head. Lay the baby on his stomach and make him raise his head. For example, show a brightly colored toy or shake a rattle over your head.

In the first weeks, such an exercise is done for several seconds, then the time is increased. So, from the second month, the baby is laid out for 5-6 minutes. At this age, you can begin to stimulate the child to turn his head to the sides also with the help of a toy.

Flexing the legs will also help to effectively cope with colic and pain in the tummy. Just bend the baby's legs at the knees and pull them to the stomach, and then straighten them back.

Pose "frog" and circular rotation of the legs contribute to the strengthening and normal development of the joints. Bend your knees and spread apart, slightly rotate each bent leg in a circle.

Spinal extension forms posture, strengthens the bones and muscles of the back. Lay the baby on its side and hold the legs with one hand. Run your other hand along the spine at a distance of 1-2 centimeters from the vertebrae. The baby will reflexively bend in the back.

rocking include in a set of exercises from one month. Such exercises can be performed both on the fitball and lying on the surface. Lay the child on his back, bend his knees and press to his stomach, press his hands to his chest. Get the fetal position. Then start swinging the baby in different directions.

reflex crawl you can begin to form in a child after the second week of life, despite the fact that he begins to fully crawl on his stomach from three to four months, and on all fours - after the fifth month. To prepare your baby for crawling, lay him on his stomach and bend his legs so that he spreads his knees to the sides. The feet should rest against the palm of an adult. Then the child will reflexively push off and crawl forward a little.

reflex walking implies that the child is taken under the armpits and placed with his feet on a hard surface. At the same time, the body is slightly tilted forward. Then the baby can reflexively take a step forward. What other exercises will help the baby start walking, read.

Classes on fitball for babies in 1 month

Today, fitballs are becoming very popular. These are large balls with a diameter of 45-75 centimeters. For a newborn, a small or medium-sized fitball with a handle or horns and a smooth surface is better suited. Fitball classes can also be started in the second or third week.

Optimal exercises at this age will be rocking on the stomach and on the back. When rocking, support the child by the tummy or back, make sure that the head does not throw back!

Put the baby on the changing table and roll the fitball to the legs, then he will reflexively push the ball away. When the child lies on the fitball with his back down, you can do the “Watch” exercise. Hold the baby by the chest or stomach and gently rotate the ball clockwise or counterclockwise.

Seeing your child developed and healthy is the dream of all parents. Some resort to massage and gymnastics, traditional at an early age, to achieve their goal. Others opt for dynamic gymnastics, which, at first glance, looks like a uniform mockery of a baby - they twist it, throw it up, lift it by the arms and legs, like a rag doll. Is dynamic gymnastics so scary and dangerous, how to do it at home, we will tell in this article.

Peculiarities

Dynamic gymnastics is completely different from the usual exercises for newborns and infants. The technique was invented and “released to the masses” by physiologists, specialists in early development Mikhail Trunov and Leonid Kitaev. Therefore, it is often called simply "gymnastics according to Trunov-Kitaev."

The main difference is that with classical gymnastics, exercises are carried out for a baby who is in a static or slightly mobile state. With dynamic gymnastics, the effect on the muscles occurs with a more intense movement. As a result, not only the baby's muscles are trained, but also his vestibular apparatus.

The Trunov and Kitaev complex includes hardening, massage, exercises in the air and exercises on a gymnastic ball. Despite the wide distribution and popularity of these authors, their methodology has a considerable number of opponents, among which are most of today's pediatricians, including the famous Dr. Komarovsky.

Opponents argue their position by the fact that the use of dynamic gymnastics at home is a big risk to the life and health of the baby. During acrobatic stunts, the baby can get seriously injured, because even very loving parents are not professional massage therapists and exercise therapy specialists, they do not have a detailed and detailed idea of the anatomical location of individual muscles and ligaments in the human body.

Supporters of dynamic classes assure that learning the methodology of labor is not, but the benefits, according to them, are obvious:

the orientation of the baby in space improves;
the increased muscle tone characteristic of all infants decreases;
the vestibular apparatus develops and the nervous system improves;
the child learns to trust an adult, relying on his strong hands.

Supporters and fans of dynamic exercises for babies argue that this technique allows you to compensate for a child who was born by caesarean section, the lack of birth experience necessary for harmonious development. Kitaev and Trunov also assure parents that children who grow up on such exercises are less likely to be injured by accident in the future - it will be much more difficult to break an arm or leg when falling with a trained vestibular apparatus and the ability to group.

What should be taken into account?

When deciding to start practicing the Trunov and Kitaev system, parents should weigh the pros and cons well. Many pediatricians and child psychologists argue that possible dangers cannot be ignored. Even if parents are in favor of dynamic gymnastics with both hands, they should know everything against in order to minimize the risks.

First of all, such gymnastics is an indisputable stress for a newborn. Not just stress, but intense stress. Nowhere in nature is it customary to shake, toss and twist cubs in the air. See how carefully a cat carries kittens, how carefully other animals do it. Human cubs, from the point of view of natural laws, also have no prerequisites from birth to start flying and turning over in the air. That is why stress is inevitable.

It can only be minimized with the right approach - knowing when to start such exercises, how to increase the load. It is better to introduce dynamic exercises gradually so that the baby has a smoother transition to an atypical body position.

Many exercises of the Kitaev and Trunov system are based on the use of the baby's innate reflexes. But such reflexes should disappear by the age of 3-4 months, this is quite natural. If you overdo it with dynamic gymnastics, there will be a slow extinction of infant reflexes, which will slow down the development of the child.

Traumatologists warn that it can be difficult for parents to measure their strength, and therefore, after the first experiences of dynamic gymnastics without the participation of a specialist, children often end up in the hospital with sprains, fractures and other injuries. And psychologists warn that the baby may develop an incorrect perception of height, which in the future can make him a brilliant skydiver or climber, but can also cause fatal injuries due to the lack of a natural sense of fear necessary for survival.

General rules

If, despite all the warnings, parents are determined to do dynamic gymnastics with their baby, you must definitely sign up for a special group led by the so-called baby trainers, exercise therapy specialists, to see how professionals do it, learn the techniques. We are talking about the health of your baby, here bargaining, as they say, is inappropriate.

It is important that the child has no contraindications. We will talk about them below. Therefore, good and correct trainers always ask their parents for a certificate from the pediatrician that the doctor does not mind training. You also need to prepare for the fact that doctors usually refuse to give such a certificate - no one wants to take responsibility for the life of the baby if the parents decide to test certain methods on him.

The Internet and video tutorials, which can be very useful in mastering the techniques of classical massage and gymnastics for babies, are not helpers in matters of dynamic gymnastics. You cannot study remotely.

It is recommended to proceed directly to dynamic exercises after a 10-15-minute massage and elements of static gymnastics, so that the muscles and ligaments of the child are warmed up.

After eating, you should wait about an hour so that the baby does not burp. The place of employment should be thought out to the smallest detail and completely safe, even if a fall occurs (and this can happen!).

Contraindications

hip dysplasia

Underweight newborn

Umbilical hernia

If a baby up to 6 months old developed and lived like everyone else, he was given a regular massage and regular exercises, it is useless and very dangerous to switch to a dynamic program. There will be no benefit from it for such a large child who has not previously been involved in this.

A set of exercises

Usually, swings and flips are introduced into the complex of neurodynamic gymnastics for babies at the initial stage. An adult lifts the baby only by the handles, standing at full height. Lets him hang in the air. Then he lifts it upside down by the legs.

In the same positions, the "Upper Pendulum" and "Lower Pendulum" are performed. An adult stands and swings the baby, like a pendulum, first in the upside down position, then upside down by the legs.

For more advanced stages of training, tossing, tossing with flips are provided. But the basis of the technique is still made up of traditional hangs and interceptions. The most common is the “Sun” exercise, in which the parent holds the child by the right arm and leg in weight, and then sorts out the limbs in a circle - grabs the left leg, left arm, and again goes to the right side. It turns out that the baby makes a "wheel" in the air.

Safer and easier to learn is a block of exercises on a fitball, which, by the way, also belongs to dynamic gymnastics. It is he who is more common, since swaying on the ball on the stomach or back does not scare parents as much as the risky elements of the first part of the Trunov and Kitaev methodology.