How long does alcohol poisoning take? What to do with alcohol poisoning at home. Alcohol poisoning after Christmas

Alcohol, even in small doses, has a toxic effect on the central nervous system. In medicine, there are three stages of alcohol intoxication - mild, moderate and severe.

What are the signs of alcohol poisoning and how to remove alcohol intoxication at home? What medicines can be used to relieve a hangover syndrome? What can not be done in case of poisoning, and in what cases should you consult a doctor without wasting time on self-treatment? Let's look at these questions, but first, let's define what alcohol poisoning is.

What is alcohol intoxication

The term alcohol intoxication itself means the poisoning of the body with ethyl alcohol. Normally, a small amount of ethanol is neutralized in the liver without consequences for the body. But when using the amount of alcohol that exceeds the detoxification capacity of the liver, the poison enters the brain and causes disturbances in higher nervous activity. Outwardly, this is manifested by a feeling of euphoria, clouding of consciousness, impaired coordination.

With a severe degree of poisoning, a person loses sensitivity, reflexes weaken, and stunning occurs. In the extreme stage, cardiac arrest, cessation of breathing, deep coma are possible. Such consequences occur when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood is 3% or more. The lethal dose of alcohol is about 300 grams in terms of pure alcohol. If we consider the average lethal dose in terms of body weight, then it is 8 grams of ethanol per kg.

In everyday life, alcohol poisoning refers to any changes accompanied by a deterioration in well-being due to drinking alcohol. They can appear immediately after taking a large dose (vomiting, loss of consciousness) or visit you the next morning - a hangover. In general, these conditions are treated in the same way, but there are some nuances. In the phase of acute poisoning, the effect of ethanol on the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is of great importance, and a hangover is largely provoked by the products of the partial decomposition of ethyl alcohol, in particular, acetaldehyde.

Alcohol poisoning

Separately, it must be said about poisoning with alcohol surrogates. According to statistics, this type of poisoning occupies a leading position in the list of all intoxications. At the same time, more than 90% of the victims die even before the moment of hospitalization.

Substitutes for alcohol are:

In case of poisoning with such products, intoxication is mild or does not occur at all, visual disturbances, convulsions, salivation, sweating, vomiting, pain in the abdomen and joints are often observed.

Intoxication with surrogates cannot be removed at home - it is imperative to immediately seek qualified medical help. Delay can cost lives. As first aid measures, they induce vomiting, take an enterosorbent and any enveloping agent. Further, hospitalization is required.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

What to do with alcohol poisoning at home? To do this, a number of measures are taken to rid the body of ethyl alcohol and neutralize the products of its decay.

First aid for alcohol poisoning includes the following steps.

Remove the remnants of alcoholic beverages from the stomach. To do this, they induce vomiting, then they wash the stomach - they drink 2-3 glasses of salted water, again provoke vomiting, and so on until almost pure water comes out of the stomach.
In case of loss of consciousness, it is impossible to provoke vomiting. Call an ambulance. In anticipation of her arrival, lay the victim on his side, loosen clothing, check the pulse and breathing. Turn your head, make sure that the tongue does not sink, and the vomit does not enter the respiratory tract. To bring the victim to his senses, let him smell ammonia, rub his ears.

If alcohol poisoning does not pose a threat to life, then intoxication is removed independently at home.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication at home

Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home consists of the following actions:

Sometimes poisoning is accompanied by bouts of vomiting. If you vomited once or twice, this is a natural reaction of the body to poison and there will be no harm from it, but only benefit, given the current state. But if the urge to vomit does not go away after emptying the stomach, then you need to take action.

How to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning?

Rinse your head with cold water or briefly apply ice to the back of your head.
Drink some water or restorative solutions like "".
Do not eat or drink anything else until the stomach calms down.

If the measures taken do not give a result, then antiemetic drugs will help. Indomitable vomiting, the presence of bile in the vomit or blood impurities are grounds for immediate hospitalization.

Let us dwell in more detail on the medicines that are used to treat alcohol poisoning at home.

Enterosorbents

After emptying the stomach from the contents, you need to take enterosorbents. These drugs act in the intestines, capturing toxins and decay products on their surface, and removing them with feces. The following drugs have proven themselves well.

It must be remembered that all enterosorbents must be taken separately from drugs, otherwise the latter will lose their effectiveness. Between their receptions it is necessary to observe a gap of at least one hour, and preferably two hours.

Restoration of water balance

Vomiting dehydrates the body and leaches mineral salts from it. In addition, alcohol is a strong diuretic. In case of poisoning, it is necessary to drink plenty of water, preferably mineral or acidified with lemon juice. Drugs belonging to the group of rehydrating agents help to cope with the imbalance that has arisen. They contain a balanced set of sodium, potassium, chlorides, sometimes carbohydrates and help the body cope with intoxication.

"Regidron" with alcohol intoxication can be taken orally in the amount of 10-17 ml of the finished solution per kg of weight. One packet of the drug is dissolved in one liter of water and stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

The analogues of Regidron are the preparations Hydrovit and Citraglucosolan. Also, a similar solution can be prepared independently: take 1/2 tsp for one liter of water. salt, 1/2 tsp. soda, 4 tbsp. l. Sahara.

With severe alcohol intoxication, a dropper is needed. Its composition is something like this:

saline, or "Disol", or "Hemodez";
5 or 10% glucose solution;
5% solution of ascorbic acid.

If necessary, include vitamins (nicotinic acid, pyridoxine), magnesia, potassium chloride, panangin, heart remedies. The volume of the dropper is usually 400-500 ml. A medical worker should put it, as well as determine the composition of the solution for infusion - inept handling can be harmful to health.

Complete cleansing of the body from alcohol, possibly in the case of its excretion by the kidneys. For this, diuretics (diuretics) are used, the best and safest of which is ordinary water. You can also use the recipes of traditional medicine - drink decoctions of herbs. They not only restore vitamin losses, but also supply the body with the antioxidants it needs.

Restoration of intestinal microflora

Alcohol and its decay products kill beneficial intestinal microflora. After alcohol intoxication, the activity of the gastrointestinal tract is often disturbed, constipation or diarrhea develops. Beneficial bacteria need to be restored. You can do this by eating sour-milk and fermented foods or by taking probiotics:

Facilitates the course of a hangover emptying the intestines. If constipation is noted after drinking alcohol, then it is possible - this will allow you to remove toxic products from the large intestine.

What not to do with alcohol poisoning

In no case should you combine the intake of alcohol and the diuretic "Furosemide", as this negatively affects the condition of the liver and kidneys.
Aspirin is also taken with caution. It can be drunk only in a state of hangover, but if intoxication has not yet passed, then this medicine can cause various complications.
Do not use any sleeping pills, as they exacerbate the depression of the central nervous system caused by alcohol.
The recommendation to go to the bathhouse and thereby get rid of a hangover is only suitable for people with Siberian health.

What to do with a hangover

How to treat a hangover the next morning after heavy drinking? The following measures are effective:

You should not experiment with drugs, it is better to resort to the help of special tablets for alcohol poisoning:

"Biotredin";
"Limonar";
"Metadoxil";
Alka-Seltzer.

Folk remedies for a hangover

If there were no pills at hand, then you can use folk remedies used for alcohol poisoning. In addition to the hangover pickles already mentioned, the following remedies help:

A contrast shower helps with a hangover. Start with hot water, then switch to pleasantly cold, alternating for 30-60 seconds several times, gradually increasing the temperature difference. Such a contrast will allow the skin to get rid of toxins and toxins, improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

In conclusion, we note that it is much easier and more pleasant to prevent a hangover than to treat it. To do this, do not abuse the amount of alcohol, have a good snack on foods containing starch and pectins (potatoes, bananas), and before the feast, take one of the recommended enterosorbents for preventive purposes.

- This is a condition in which the internal organs are damaged by alcohol products. With this type of intoxication, changes occur in the functioning of the central nervous system, and a state of altered consciousness occurs, which lasts for some time. Behavior and attitude also change.

This article will discuss what to do with alcohol poisoning. You will also learn how to help a person who has been poisoned by alcohol.

Stages of alcohol intoxication

The intensity of poisoning depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, as well as on the quality of the drinks. Experts distinguish three degrees of alcohol intoxication:

Easy stage- violation of mental functions; the concentration of alcohol in the blood is 0.5 - 1.5 ppm.
middle stage- degradation of the central nervous system; the concentration of alcohol in the blood is 1.5 - 2.5 ppm.
severe stage- defeat of the systems necessary for normal life, as well as a malfunction of the internal organs. The concentration of alcohol in the blood is 2.5 - 4 ppm.

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning depend on the degree of intoxication. Let's consider them in more detail.

Easy stage

state of euphoria;
playful mood;
excessive self-confidence;
the desire to commit acts that a person did not dare to do in a sober state;
increased heart rate;
impaired coordination of movements;
profuse salivation;
increased sweating;
redness of the skin of the face and neck.

middle stage

malfunction of the central nervous system;
difficulty concentrating;
speech disorder that becomes slurred;
serious violations of coordination, when a person is not able to perform elementary movements;
inability to adequately perceive the world and people, resulting in aggressiveness;
the skin on the face and neck becomes more red;
nausea, vomiting.

severe stage

cessation of active brain activity;
complete impairment of consciousness;
lack of response when contacting a person;
inability to move;
passive state;
constriction of the pupils;
lack of body response to pain and other stimuli;
problems with breathing and cardiac activity are possible.

Very often, the latter form of alcohol poisoning entails serious health problems. It can bring a person into a coma or even provoke death.

The degree of alcohol intoxication is influenced by factors such as gender and age of a person, lifestyle, and general health. The presence of concomitant diseases, metabolic rate also affects. In addition, do not forget that each person has his own characteristics of the perception of alcohol by the body.

First aid and treatment of alcohol poisoning

In this case, of course, you should not engage in treatment at home, but you must immediately call an ambulance. With such symptoms of alcohol poisoning, all your attempts to cure a person on your own can end in failure. Often in such cases, everything ends in death. If a person is conscious, moves, his coordination is not disturbed, but he moves rather slowly, this is a classic version of alcohol intoxication. In this case, you can detoxify and remove the pain symptom, if any, at home.

With a mild form of poisoning, the patient is able to cope with intoxication himself. To do this, you need to stop drinking alcoholic beverages, choosing non-alcoholic ones. However, not always a person is able to adequately assess the situation and make a decision to stop drinking alcohol. Sometimes people just don't understand that the poisoning process already launched. In such cases, alcohol intoxication turns into moderate and severe forms, which have more obvious signs and, accordingly, serious consequences.

The first thing to do when intoxicated with any substance is to remove toxic agents from the body as soon as possible. In our case, it is alcohol. In this case, the question arises as to how to derive it.

If a person has been drinking recently and alcohol is still in his stomach, then, accordingly, it makes sense to wash the stomach with the restaurant method. This is the name of the method in which you need to drink 2-3 liters of warm water, put 2 fingers in your mouth and cause a gag reflex. In this way, alcohol will leave the stomach, if it is there.

If a person last drank alcohol a few hours ago, then alcohol has already entered the intestines. It turns out that gastric lavage does not make sense. However, alcohol can also be removed from the intestines by the method of formed defecation.

In simple words, it is necessary to cause diarrhea. To do this, you can take a large dose of a saline laxative, such as magnesium sulfate. When using a few grams, a powerful, severe diarrhea is caused in a person, and the alcohol that is contained in the intestines safely leaves the body.

It should be borne in mind that both the cleansing of the stomach and forced defecation lead to the fact that a person loses a significant amount of fluid. For this reason, it must be compensated.

However, even if you do not resort to these two methods, in any case, the concentration of the tactical agent of alcohol in the body should be diluted as much as possible. To do this, it will be enough to use a large amount of water. Its volume depends on the body weight of a person, as well as on his condition. It is recommended to drink several liters of liquid.

Doctors recommend using both ordinary purified water, and mineral water, and fortified drinks. Of course, coffee and tea are not suitable here. Alcohol, of course, is also not allowed. This seems to be obvious, but some people treat, for example, vodka with beer.

You can use drugs that bind toxic agents in the body. Many medicines are suitable for this, starting from the most banal activated carbon and ending with any other drug that is in the pharmacy.

It is very important that when taking various medications, a person must be conscious. Otherwise, the procedure cannot be carried out.

However, here it is also necessary to take into account the fact that if you carry out such therapy, for example, you gave the patient activated charcoal, then within the next two hours this drug will absorb all the medicines that the person will take after.

Therefore, if you still gave the patient activated charcoal or any other absorbent, then, accordingly, they should not interfere with other drugs. Thus, the intake of these drugs, which mutually exclude the action of each other, should be carried out with an interval of 2 hours.

Remember that it is almost impossible to cope with alcohol poisoning after binge at home. In such a situation, you should immediately contact a medical institution.

It is necessary to separately name the medicines that can help with alcohol intoxication. There are no specific antidotes for alcohol. For this reason, drug therapy (especially at home) is reduced to vitamin therapy.

Vitamins such as:

a nicotinic acid,
vitamin C,
vitamin D.

They can be used in large doses. It is best that vitamins are administered intravenously. However, with intravenous drip, with transfusion, there is no question of home treatment. Such procedures should be carried out only by a doctor. At home, drugs should be taken orally, given that they cannot be taken together with adsorbents, activated charcoal.

There are contraindications. Specialist consultation is required.

Further treatment depends on the symptoms, because in addition to alcohol consumption, a person can have a lot of chronic diseases. Accordingly, against the background of alcohol intoxication, they will intensify. Alcohol first significantly lowers blood pressure, then it rises significantly. Thus, it is necessary to control blood pressure, if necessary, adjust it.

Diet

After all therapeutic measures to eliminate alcohol intoxication, a diet is required. The patient can eat boiled, stewed and steamed dishes. Fresh vegetables and fruits will help get rid of toxins.

When drinking any amount of alcohol, intoxication (poisoning) of the body occurs. The degree of intoxication depends on the quantity and quality of the drink. Severe alcohol poisoning can lead to long-term health effects, while mild intoxication is mostly harmless.

But one should not forget that

Alcohol is a poison of narcotic action, which can cause not only intoxication in a person, but also acute poisoning, often life-threatening.

Under the state of alcoholic intoxication is understood as a violation of the functions of the brain due to an overdose of alcohol. Typical symptoms are imbalance, nausea, vomiting and confusion. In addition, blood pressure rises, heart rate increases. Large doses cause inhibition of the cortex and vital centers of the brain (respiratory, vasomotor). This explains all the unpleasant sensations that characterize the state of a hangover.

Severe alcohol poisoning leads to serious respiratory and circulatory disorders, which is the main cause of death.

In this case, the following symptoms appear:

profound impairment of the activity of the central nervous system up to loss of consciousness,
loss of pain sensitivity
convulsions,
cold wet skin
purple face,
dilated blood vessels are clearly visible on the whites of the eyes,
a lot of mucus, saliva, sometimes in the form of foam, is released from the nose and mouth,
possible involuntary stool and urination,
noisy breathing,
possible slipping of the tongue.

In the most severe poisoning, blood pressure drops, the pulse is thready, rapid, breathing becomes shallow.

ethanol

Ethanol is drinking alcohol, which is widely used in the food and cosmetic industries. It is not toxic, but it has a bad effect on the central nervous system, and its decomposition products can impair the function of the liver and hematopoiesis of red blood cells.

Ethanol is formed during alcoholic fermentation of sugar-containing substances.
It is very rapidly absorbed after ingestion by the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. Approximately within 20-60 minutes after drinking alcohol, it reaches its maximum concentration in the blood. After a time interval of two to six hours, about half of the ethanol is broken down and excreted.

The severity of symptoms of poisoning depends on the concentration of alcohol in the blood and individual tolerance. In addition, the amount of fusel oils in drinks, which have an adverse effect on the body, matters.

What is ppm?

The blood alcohol content is measured in ppm. This determines how many milligrams of alcohol are contained in a gram of blood. Four ppm - a potentially lethal dose - is four milligrams of alcohol in one gram of blood.

Stages of alcohol intoxication

Light alcohol intoxication occurs when the concentration of alcohol in the blood is from 0.5 to 1.5 ppm. People cannot stand firmly and stagger when walking. Reason and self-control are lost. Starting from 0.5 ppm (for example, after two glasses of champagne), it is considered that the employee can no longer perform his functions.

Moderate alcohol poisoning causes mental and behavioral disorders. The person is in euphoria, but it can alternate with an aggressive mood. Starting with a concentration of alcohol in the blood of one ppm, reflexes and coordination are disturbed. Usually such alcohol poisoning is accompanied by vomiting.

In the stage of severe alcohol intoxication, the concentration of alcohol in the blood is from 2.5 to four ppm. It exacerbates all existing symptoms. The skin turns pale, there is no sense of balance, and the poisoned person cannot speak or walk.

Psychiatric symptoms also appear, such as disturbances of consciousness and hallucinations, senselessness and disinhibition of behavior. A person can behave obsessively, intrusively, is capable of committing a crime. Protective reflexes disappear.

If you continue to drink, the vital functions of the body begin to suffer. Breathing slows down, blood pressure decreases, protective reflexes fall.
A sharp decrease in swallowing and coughing reflexes can lead to the entry of food masses, sometimes already with gastric juice, into the respiratory tract. This leads to severe inflammation of the latter. If help is not provided in time, the work of the entire cardiovascular and respiratory systems is disrupted.

Starting from four ppm, a real threat to life appears!

When four ppm is exceeded, in most cases, the so-called alcoholic coma occurs. Breathing and reflexes are significantly reduced or disappear. Various organs begin to fail. The kidneys and liver are particularly affected. In this condition, a person can only be helped in the intensive care unit.

With a blood alcohol level of five ppm, death most often occurs.

Mechanism of alcohol poisoning

Alcohol from the blood enters the liver, where it is broken down. However, the capacity of the liver is limited. Ethanol, fusel oils, and toxic breakdown products accumulate in the blood. Ethanol changes the structure of nerve cells in such a way that their function is impaired or they destroy themselves.

Alcohol poisoning occurs faster if you drink strong drinks, since the liver must break down high doses of alcohol in the shortest possible time. Also, the nausea threshold cannot be reached so quickly. And although a high level of intoxication has already set in, there is no gag reflex.

What to do in case of alcohol poisoning?

If acute poisoning is suspected, it is urgent to call an ambulance. Before the arrival of the doctor, lay the poisoned person on his side, tilting his head forward so that he does not choke on vomit.
Give a sniff of ammonia.
Cover with a blanket.
Milder degrees of poisoning usually do not require medical attention.
Windows should be opened to allow the victim to breathe fresh air.
Induce vomiting.
Cover with a blanket, if necessary, put warm heating pads on the legs and arms.
Put ice in a rag or bubble on your head.
If the pressure is low, drink strong tea or black coffee
You can give ascorbic acid, as it breaks down erythrocytes stuck together from the effects of alcohol.

Poisoning by alcohol substitutes

Alcohol surrogates refer to chemicals that are drunk instead of alcohol. Unlike ethanol, isopropanol, methanol or ethylene are toxic substances. Even in small doses, they cause severe poisoning.

Ethylene glycol in the body decomposes to highly toxic products: glycolic and
oxalic acid. As a result, the central nervous system is affected. In this case, the following signs of alcohol poisoning appear:

sharp excitement
convulsions
loss of consciousness
respiratory and heart failure
acute renal failure.

Moonshine also has a harmful effect on the body. During its manufacture, a large amount of fusel oils are formed, which adversely affect the functions of the stomach and liver.

First aid for poisoning with any alcohol substitute

If the victim of poisoning is conscious, urgently empty his stomach. To do this, give him to drink 3-4 glasses of water, preferably with 1 teaspoon of baking soda per glass of water.
Gently, so as not to damage the mucous membrane of the pharynx, press with a spoon on the root of the tongue to induce vomiting.
Give strong tea or coffee to drink.

If the victim is unconscious, then only health workers can clean his stomach.

Before the arrival of the ambulance, the patient is laid on his side without a pillow. Turn your head to the side to avoid getting vomit into the respiratory tract during spontaneous vomiting.
Let the vapors of ammonia be inhaled.

If you are firmly convinced that the poisoning occurred with methyl alcohol or ethylene glycol, then the victim should be allowed to drink (if he is conscious) 100-150 ml of ethyl alcohol (vodka).

The severity of the condition in this poisoning is due to the decay products of methyl alcohol and ethylene glycol in the body, and ethyl alcohol slows down this decay.

Consequences of poisoning

As a rule, mild alcohol poisoning remains without consequences. Repeated poisoning or severe alcohol intoxication can damage the brain, liver, and kidneys. In especially severe cases, alcohol intoxication leads to death.

Pregnant women should definitely abstain from any alcohol, as its consumption can lead to serious developmental disorders of the child.

It is important to explain to teenagers how they can suffer from alcohol poisoning. If a young, developing organism is poisoned, the health consequences can last a lifetime. Recently, the share of teenagers from 15 to 20 years old in the total number of people suffering from alcoholism has increased all over the world.

Treatment

Mild to moderate alcohol poisoning does not require special treatment unless other organs are affected. Enough to drink plenty of fluids and "lie down."

Severe alcohol poisoning is treated in the clinic. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications. The patient is put on a drip. At the same time, they control the work of the heart, blood pressure and blood sugar levels.

Particularly severe cases require treatment in an intensive care unit. Sometimes dialysis is necessary for kidney failure, and artificial ventilation of the lungs is performed when breathing stops.

Poisoning by alcohol surrogates is treated with medication.

Alcohol poisoning is an acute intoxication that develops when drinking drinks based on ethyl, methyl, butyl and other alcohols.

Used even in small doses, alcohol has a negative effect on the central nervous system, kidneys, liver, heart tissue, blood coagulation, vascular reactivity.

Having a systemic effect, alcohol does not affect a specific organ, but the entire body as a whole, therefore, when abused, many organs and systems are affected, which can lead to severe intoxication, and in special cases, to death.

More than half of all poisoning deaths in Russia are due to alcohol poisoning.

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The severity of intoxication and the likelihood of poisoning depend on many factors: gender, age, weight of a person, the relationship of alcohol intake with food intake, genetically determined characteristics (for example, the activity of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol, body tolerance), the amount of alcohol consumed, its type, quality and strength.

The time of distribution of alcohol throughout the body and the onset of the effect of intoxication are approximately known. On average, the time during which alcohol will spread in a uniform concentration in the systemic circulation is 1-3 hours. Therefore, the same volume of alcohol, drunk at different times, affects the body in different ways. For example, in an adult middle-aged man without concomitant pathology, a bottle of vodka, drunk in 4-5 hours, will cause persistent intoxication, and in 1-2 hours - acute moderate or severe poisoning.

Nevertheless, it is impossible to accurately predict in advance the likelihood and degree of intoxication in a particular case, since the rate of neutralization and elimination of alcohol is individual and depends on the state of the excretory organs (kidneys, liver).

According to averaged data, acute intoxication occurs when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood is equivalent to 100-150 ml of anhydrous alcohol for a person who does not regularly consume alcohol-containing drinks. The lethal dose in terms of 96% ethanol is approximately 250-300 ml.

The lethal dose for surrogates is much less - for example, taking methyl-containing drinks in a volume of 30-100 ml (in terms of pure alcohol) ends in the death of the victim.

Symptoms of poisoning

There are 3 degrees of alcohol poisoning: mild, moderate and severe.

For mild poisoning:

the skin is hyperemic;
the person is excited, is in a euphoric, active mood;
some character traits are hypertrophied (for example, excessive generosity or stinginess, increased conflict, a melancholy-evil mood or a decrease in criticism, a benevolent attitude towards others, including strangers);
self-control decreases, self-esteem increases;
observed motor discoordination.

If alcohol intake is stopped at this stage, the consequence of mild poisoning will be a hangover.

Moderate alcohol poisoning:

intellectual processes slow down;
speech becomes confused and unintelligible;
orientation in time and space is disturbed;
dyspeptic disorders appear (pain in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), drowsiness develops.

When alcohol is stopped, deep sleep usually sets in, sometimes first aid is needed, the condition returns to normal after 12-24 hours.

For severe poisoning:

the victim is unconscious, does not respond to tactile and painful stimuli;
the functions of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are inhibited (interruptions in breathing, shortness of breath, a rare thready pulse, a drop in blood pressure);
body temperature decreases.

In this case, qualified medical care is needed, because. severe intoxication can be aggravated by alcoholic coma, in the absence of medical care - death.

Poisoning is possible not only with ethyl alcohol, but also with other alcohols used for the production of surrogates. Most often, methyl or wood alcohol is used for these purposes, poisoning with which is deadly. In this case, pathological intoxication occurs, the degree of which does not correspond to the amount of alcohol taken.

The main symptoms of methanol poisoning are similar to those described above, with the difference that visual impairment develops 2-4 days after its administration, which may be irreversible (double vision, defocusing, blindness).

Source: depositphotos.com

First aid for alcohol poisoning

The first aid in such a situation will be the intake of enterosorbent Enterosgel. The drug is a water-saturated molecular sponge made of organic silicon. The gel-like sorbent reliably binds toxic substances and metabolites in the gastrointestinal tract and removes them naturally. Unlike non-selective powder sorbents, Enterosgel does not linger on inflamed mucous membranes in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract and in the intestinal villi, therefore it does not aggravate inflammation and does not contribute to the re-entry of ethanol decay products into the blood. The soft gel formula of the enterosorbent has a selective absorbent effect, binds and removes only harmful substances, and does not disturb the number of beneficial intestinal microbiota.

For mild to moderate alcohol poisoning, first aid includes the following:

provide complete emotional and physical peace;
lay the victim on his side or on his stomach, turn his head to one side to prevent aspiration of vomit;
do a gastric lavage (drink 1-1.5 liters of warm water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate and induce a gag reflex by pressing on the root of the tongue);
carry out detoxification with enterosorbents (Activated or White coal, Polyphepan, Enterosgel, Polysorb); take a laxative;
take a laxative.

If the victim needs to be brought to his senses, give a solution of ammonia to drink (5-10 drops per glass of water).

When is medical assistance required?

Qualified assistance is needed in case of severe alcohol poisoning, alcoholic coma.

With appropriate therapy, alcoholic coma resolves within a few hours.

In case of poisoning with methyl alcohol, hospitalization is necessary in any case.

Possible consequences

Abuse of alcohol for the purpose of intoxication can result in the development of coma, death due to respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest, aspiration of vomit, injuries or injuries received while intoxicated.

The use of methyl alcohol threatens with loss of vision, alcoholic coma and death.

Prevention

To prevent poisoning, you must:

refrain from drinking alcohol on an empty stomach;
do not use it in large doses in a short period of time;
purchase only licensed alcohol in specialized retail chains.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

There are contraindications. It is necessary to consult with a specialist.

A small amount of alcohol drunk usually improves mood, allows you to relax. High dosage causes poisoning. We will figure out how to cope with the problem, what to drink in case of alcohol poisoning, what food will not worsen your well-being.

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning

When ethanol enters the bloodstream, the liver immediately begins work to remove toxic substances. The filtering organ produces a special enzyme, due to which ethanol breaks down into simple substances, and their subsequent excretion from the body.

The liver works normally if a small amount of alcohol is drunk. When the dose of an alcohol-containing product is too large, the filter organ cannot cope with its functions. The enzyme that breaks down ethanol is not produced enough, toxic substances are retained in the blood. As a result, alcohol intoxication occurs, in which internal organs and mental health suffer.

To get rid of alcohol intoxication, you need to know how a hangover manifests itself. There are several external signs of intoxication, the intensity of which depends on the stage of alcohol poisoning:

the initial degree of intoxication is manifested by dilated pupils, unsteady gait, odor from the mouth, red skin tone;
in the middle stage, confusion occurs, nausea with vomiting is possible. If you do not take action to eliminate hangover symptoms, then after waking up the next day, your head will hurt and feel dizzy. Dehydration after intoxication;
a severe form of alcohol intoxication, or intoxication, is manifested by more serious symptoms. Speech becomes slurred, a person cannot stand, ceases to adequately respond to any external stimuli. The pulse quickens. Further, the symptoms intensify, confusion of consciousness is added to them, breathing weakens, the skin turns gray. The most dangerous consequence will be a coma. In the end, a coma is possible.

Regardless of the degree of intoxication, the body needs help to eliminate toxic substances. But, to remove intoxication from alcohol on your own, it is possible only at the initial or middle stage of intoxication. With a severe form of intoxication, it is impossible to provide assistance at home. It is necessary to call the doctors, putting the patient on his side to prevent choking with vomit.

Consequences of alcohol poisoning

A large amount of alcohol consumed does not pass without consequences for the body. Almost all internal organs suffer. But, the stomach with intestines, liver, heart muscle, nervous system, brain tissue are more at risk.

Let us consider in more detail what are the consequences of alcohol poisoning for individual internal organs.

Consequences for the liver

The main function of the liver is to neutralize and remove toxic substances from the body. So, after drinking alcohol, processes responsible for the decomposition of ethanol into simpler components for their further excretion begin to form in the liver.

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When the amount of alcohol in the liver becomes too high, the body's natural filter cannot keep up with the elimination of toxins. Therefore, the following consequences are possible:

hepatitis at any stage;
changes in the structure of tissues, which leads to cirrhosis;
cell death of the filtering organ;
cirrhosis may result in ascites. This is the name given to excess fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Hepatitis is considered the most common consequence for the liver, and cirrhosis is considered the most dangerous and practically incurable.

Stomach

In case of poisoning with alcohol-containing products, the tissues of the stomach suffer. Under the influence of the decay products of ethanol, the mucous membrane dies, due to which the nutrients necessary for the normal functioning of the body cease to be absorbed.

Metabolic processes are disturbed, beriberi may occur in the acute stage. Gastric ulcer begins to develop, often ending in pancreatitis.

Disruption of the heart muscle

Alcohol poisoning negatively affects the functioning of the heart muscle. The following consequences with complications are possible:

ischemia;
hypertension;
problems with heart rhythm;
significant expansion of the cavities of the heart muscle.

Prolonged drinking will definitely lead to a heart attack. And with untimely help - to death.

Nervous system and brain

With general alcohol intoxication, the cells and tissues of the brain suffer. As a result, mental disorders occur.

The initial stage of intoxication is manifested by mood swings, increased irritability, sleep problems, increased fatigue.

In acute intoxication, the following manifestations of a nervous breakdown are distinguished:

psychosis turning into delirium tremens. These are hallucinations, visual and auditory, disorientation in space and time, inadequate perception of what is happening;
alcoholic nonsense.

With such a course of poisoning, a quick transition to a coma is possible.

Based on the consequences of alcohol poisoning, you need to know how to remove intoxication after alcohol while at home.

Treatment at home after alcohol poisoning

Consider ways to remove alcohol poisoning at home with an initial and moderate degree of intoxication. Severe intoxication is eliminated only in medical institutions. If you notice signs of severe alcohol poisoning, you should seek medical help as soon as possible.

Treatment of intoxication of the body with alcohol at home consists of the following, mandatory, sequential actions:

first you need to clean the stomach to remove from it the remnants of undecomposed decomposition products of ethanol. For this cause artificial vomiting. You can induce vomiting by drinking a soda solution, or by placing two fingers on the root of the tongue. If vomiting occurs spontaneously, this is normal. But, if vomiting does not go away, you can put ice on the back of your head, then take Regidron;
The next step in the treatment of alcohol intoxication at home will be the restoration of the body after dehydration. A large amount of drinking is needed. What drinks are suitable for alcohol intoxication, we will describe in detail in the next chapter;
normalization of bowel function;
elimination of symptomatic manifestations of alcohol poisoning is performed after gastric cleansing.

After cleansing the stomach, you can drink a medicinal composition from the category of sorbents. Suitable means such as coal tablets, Smecta, Polysorb, Filtrum, Enterosgel.

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Symptomatic medications include:

Limontar;
Zorex;
Glycine.

These drugs should be drunk in case of alcohol poisoning in order to eliminate headaches, normalize metabolic processes, and return the body to working capacity.

What can you eat and drink with alcohol poisoning?

When, after poisoning with alcohol-containing products, all initial steps have been taken to remove toxic substances as soon as possible, you need to think about what you can eat in case of alcohol poisoning, what drinks help you quickly achieve normal health.

You need to understand that you can’t eat and drink everything in a row, even if after all the events it became easier. The walls of the stomach are still irritated, not ready to take heavy food. And the state of nausea is not completely gone, plus a headache is felt. Such symptoms mean that there are still residues of ethanol breakdown products in the blood.

The following drinks will help you feel better:

well helps with alcohol poisoning drink based on honey. Honey (from 100 to 200 g) is diluted with warm water;
so that the remnants of toxic substances come out faster, you can prepare a diuretic herbal decoction from plants such as parsley or horsetail, tansy, immortelle;
it is good to drink herbal teas with honey in case of alcohol poisoning. To prepare teas, they take such dried plants as thyme, St. John's wort, mint, linden, oregano.

If it is not possible to stop vomiting during alcohol poisoning, you should drink tincture of saffron. To prepare the tincture, take saffron in powder form (1 tsp), then pour boiling water (0.5 l).

What is not recommended to drink in case of alcohol poisoning?

Although the body is dehydrated after intoxication, it needs to restore water balance, you can not drink any drinks and liquids. It is not recommended to drink the following liquids:

gas drinks. Such a drink will not quench your thirst, but will only aggravate the hangover, will irritate the stomach walls;
coffee, especially black;
strong tea.

Of course, even the minimum amount of alcohol should not be consumed when the condition after poisoning improves.

Mixed drinks that help with alcohol poisoning

It is good to take special cocktails prepared by yourself in case of alcohol poisoning:

Break a raw egg into a bowl. Then add 1 tbsp. l. food vinegar, a little salt and pepper. Mix the ingredients and drink a cocktail;
add chicken yolk, salt and pepper to tomato juice (200 g). Mix everything and drink;
orange juice (100 g), honey (50 g), whole lemon with zest. The components are mixed with a blender;
the following components are mixed with a blender: kefir (100 ml), chopped dill (1 tsp), grated cucumber (50 g), sugar (3 tsp). Next, add a pinch of salt, and pepper (black and red);
you need to mix: tomato ketchup (2 tsp), one yolk, a little lemon juice, a pinch of pepper (red and black), salt;
pour half a glass of cabbage brine. Then olive oil (3 tsp) is added, and pepper;
cabbage brine (100 ml), a squeezed clove of garlic, a pinch of sugar, black pepper and salt are mixed with carrot juice (10 ml);
mineral water mixes lemon juice, honey and mint leaves.

You can drink with alcohol poisoning not only plain water in unlimited quantities. Suitable mineral water and herbal infusions, the above cocktail recipes from simple ingredients.

Food

After alcohol poisoning, you can not eat everything. The body needs to recover, so it is important to follow a sparing, special diet:

it is desirable to cook food for a couple;
exclude fried, salty foods from food;
products can also be baked, stewed and boiled;
you need to make a menu in such a way that cooked food contains more carbohydrates with proteins, less fat;
you can only eat warm food in case of alcohol poisoning. Cooled and hot food is excluded;
you need to eat more fruits with vegetables;
if you cook soup, then exclusively on lean meat. A turkey or chicken will do.

In the first hours, and even a day after alcohol poisoning, it is better to starve a little, and pay attention to fluid intake. But, in case of alcohol poisoning, you can eat crackers, or cook porridge, but on water. Oatmeal or rice porridge will do.

You need to switch to a normal diet gradually, and very carefully. It is better to cook food in small portions.

It is possible that the first days the stomach will even reject food. Therefore, it is recommended to adhere to a light, sparing diet after alcohol poisoning.

The listed recommendations about nutrition after alcohol intoxication should be followed for no more than three days. But, this recommendation applies only to the initial stage of alcohol poisoning. In case of severe intoxication, when the treatment is carried out in a hospital, the doctor prescribes a special diet that is necessary during the recovery period.

Of course, to avoid the consequences of alcohol poisoning, you can not drink alcohol. But when you have to drink, and after unforeseen complications arise, you need to have information about methods for eliminating the problem and relieving the symptoms of intoxication.

Do you still think that it is impossible to cure alcoholism?

Judging by the fact that you are now reading these lines, victory in the fight against alcoholism is not on your side yet ...

And you already thought to code? It is understandable, because alcoholism is a dangerous disease that leads to serious consequences: cirrhosis or even death. Pain in the liver, a hangover, problems with health, work, personal life ... All these problems are familiar to you firsthand.

But maybe there is a way to get rid of the pain? We recommend reading Elena Malysheva's article on modern methods of treating alcoholism...