Useful and medicinal properties of spring primrose (ram). Spring primrose (rams), its action and use for various diseases. What are the scientific names of ram flowers

31.01.2019

After a long and cold winter, we are all waiting for the first harbingers of spring to appear - tender and fragrant snowdrops. And not everyone knows that these are not the only messengers of the long-awaited spring who notify us that the reign of winter has come to an end. At the same time, the ground is covered with a luxurious carpet of primroses - medicinal plants, which are also very beautiful.

IN Ancient Greece The primrose was considered the flower of Olympus; it was called the “flower of the twelve gods.” The Greeks believed that he emerged from the body that died from the love of the young man Paralysos. Grieving for him, the gods turned him into a beautiful spring flower.

Ancient healers used the plant to treat various paralysis. In many countries, primrose is the flower of marriage. It is believed that the girl who finds it first will definitely meet her betrothed this year and get married. The primrose was especially revered in England, where it was revered as a magical flower and it was firmly believed that old gnomes and tiny fairies took refuge in it from bad weather.

Types of primroses

Today there are more than five hundred species that differ in flowering time and flower color. In our country, the most common plants with medicinal properties are:

large-cup;
spring primrose (medicinal);
high;
mealy.

In this article we will introduce you to the medicinal primrose.

Description of the plant

Primrose preparations: infusion of roots and rhizomes

Place 10 grams of dry raw materials in a bowl (preferably enameled), pour 250 ml of boiled herb hot water, close the container with a lid and place it in a water bath for half an hour.

After this, the composition should be cooled in natural conditions and strain. The remaining raw materials should not be thrown away: they can be used one more time. Bring the volume of the composition to 200 ml of cooled boiled water. The product is used two tablespoons (tablespoons) three times a day about half an hour before meals at chronic diseases bronchi and lungs.

Root decoction

Pour 20 grams of raw material into 500 ml of water and boil over low heat for fifteen minutes. Then the mixture should brew. This will take no more than forty minutes. Strain the resulting product and take 100 ml before each meal. The decoction is recommended for diseases of the bronchi and lungs, kidneys and severe forms of rheumatism.

Herbal decoction

Boil 20 grams of dry crushed leaves in 250 ml of water for half an hour over low heat. After this, strain the resulting mixture and bring the volume to the original volume with boiled water.

Take this remedy one tablespoon (tablespoon) at least four times a day for whooping cough, acute and chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia.

Infusion of primrose flowers

Pour 25 grams of dry raw material with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for half an hour. Squeeze the raw material, take 100 ml four times a day. The infusion normalizes metabolism and improves gastric secretion.

Primrose juice

The juice is squeezed out of the flowering grass (aerial part). Take it in a third of a glass, adding a spoon (teaspoon) of honey three times a day before meals.

Primrose syrup

Primrose syrup is an excellent expectorant that is effective for acute respiratory infections, tracheitis, bronchitis, accompanied by a dry cough. The syrup has a brown color and a subtle specific smell. It can be purchased at a pharmacy.

General strengthening drink

Rinse 250 grams of fresh primrose flowers well and add a liter of cold water, leave to infuse until fermentation begins. After that, add your choice: sugar, honey or jam to taste. The drink should be stored in a cool, dark place. Take 150 ml four times a day before meals.

Tea

Grind dry leaves or roots and mix with equal parts. Grind the herbal mixture and brew it as tea. You can improve the taste with honey or jam.

Collection and storage of raw materials

For medicinal purposes, both the roots and the above-ground parts of the plant are used: stems, leaves and flowers. The aerial part of the primrose is harvested when the plant begins to bloom. The raw materials are dried after collection in the open sun or in dryers. Maximum temperature - +50 °C. This is explained by the fact that with slow drying, the vitamin C content in the plant decreases significantly.

The leaves are carefully plucked by hand, leaving half of them on the stem. This will allow the plant to continue to grow and develop normally. We must not forget that the primrose is listed in the Red Book, therefore its mass collection is prohibited.

The dried leaves have a grayish-green color, a honey smell and a sweetish taste, which is quickly replaced by a burning-bitter taste.

Flowers are harvested without calyxes from April to May. Dry them in the fresh air under a canopy, or in a well-ventilated, shaded place. Medicinal primrose, more precisely, its flowers, dried correctly, are blooming yellow corollas with a delicate smell and sweet taste.

The roots of the plant should be dug up in the fall, immediately after the above-ground part of the plant withers. You can do this in early spring, but before the primrose begins to bloom. The roots are thoroughly shaken off the ground, then washed in a running water cold water, air dry a little and then completely dry in a dryer at a temperature not exceeding + 60 °C. Properly dried rhizomes have a reddish-brown color. Inside, the roots are whitish in color with a bitter astringent taste and subtle odors.

Dried raw materials are stored either in multilayer paper bags or in canvas bags in a ventilated area.

Contraindications, side effects

Quite rare, but there are people with an allergic reaction to primrose officinalis. Using any medications or even touching the grass can cause itching and severe burning on the skin. The affected areas become covered with blisters that fill with liquid. Later, in places where the blisters were and healed, the skin begins to peel off, and when scratching, ulcers may form. Pollen that enters the upper respiratory tract or mouth can cause inflammation of the mucous membranes.

If allergic reactions occur, taking the medications should be stopped immediately. Medicinal primrose is not recommended for use by pregnant women and nursing mothers, as well as children under three years of age.

This plant has many names:

Spring primrose (medicinal, real);
Spring primrose;
Lambs, lambs, ears;
Golden key (the flowers really resemble a bunch of gilded keys).

There is a whole group of plants that are commonly called “” - for their early flowering. Medicinal primrose can safely be attributed to this group, although it is not the most popular in it.

The name is translated from Latin as “early spring”.

Description

Primrose is a herbaceous perennial. The stems are straight, succulent, 15-30 cm high. Oblong, ovate, pubescent leaves are collected in a basal rosette. Root system– rhizome. On each peduncle there are drooping flowers, collected in an umbrella inflorescence (10-30 flowers). The flowers are tubular, with a five-petal corolla, at the base of the fold of each petal there is a barely visible dark spot. One pistil, five stamens. If you look closely, you will notice that in different flowers the anthers and pistil are located on different levels. In some, the stigma of the pistil is lower than the anthers, in others it is the other way around - in this way, some plants adapt to cross-pollination. The diameter of the flowers is 7-15 mm.

Seeds and seed pod - they can be seen in the picture below.

Flowering is early - from mid-April to July.

What does a spring primrose look like in the photo?

Inflorescences:

Spring primrose in the garden:

Where is it found in the wild?

Its habitat is forests and forest-steppes in the western part of Russia. Distributed throughout almost the entire territory of the country, however, in some regions its populations are gradually being replaced by a very similar, related species - large-cupped primrose (in the Volga region, Western and Eastern Siberia, the Caucasus)

Some taxonomists consider large-cupped to be a subspecies of spring primrose. It is also listed in the Red Book of many regions of the Russian Federation and is used as an ornamental, medicinal (rhizome is used), and gastronomic (leaves are a source of vitamin C) plant.

Growing

Primrose can be grown from seeds, which, although not often, are found on sale.

They are sown before winter (in August or September) or in spring (in March or April).

The distance between plants and rows is 30 cm.

Spring primrose seeds are sown as early as possible - they quickly lose their viability.

Sowing seedlings:

Deadline: early February.
The seeds are spread on a pre-moistened soil surface (leaf soil, sand, turf soil - 2:1:1).
Spread rarely, only lightly pressing the seeds to the soil.
Cover with glass or polyethylene and place in the freezer (temperature no higher than -10 ºC) for a month.
Then the crops are moved to the windowsill. Temperature - 16-18 ºC. You should choose a lighted place, but without direct sunlight.
The soil is moistened in a timely manner.
Primrose germinates quite slowly - 2-3 weeks.
The emerging seedlings are gradually accustomed to fresh air; two weeks after germination, the film is removed.
They dive after the appearance of 2 true leaves. Plants constantly dive as they grow, until the time for planting in open ground- and this happens only in the second year of life. Planting in the ground - at the end of May. The distance between plants is 30 cm.

Primrose grown from seeds will bloom in 2-3 years.

Landing and seat selection

This plant is good choice for semi-shaded places, for example, near the wall of a house, under trees, near a fence. The soil does not need special preparation, let’s not forget that this is a native plant for our country, but it is worth paying attention to ensuring that the soil is sufficiently fertile and well-moistened. Clay soil is suitable; if it is too heavy, it is dug up with sand, moss, vermiculite and organic matter.

Application

The young leaves of the plant are edible and are a source of incredible amounts of vitamin C - two young leaves provide daily norm adult. They are especially valued because they are available in early spring, when vitamins are in short supply. The leaves contain not only vitamin C, but also carotene, saponins, and flavonoids.

Attention: the plant is classified as endangered; collecting wild specimens without a license is prohibited.

Collecting leaves

They are collected by hand at the beginning of flowering; only half of the leaves are taken from one specimen. The resulting raw material is dried at normal temperature or at 90-100° - this method is preferable (it allows you to preserve more vitamin C - in general, 95% of vitamin C of its original content is retained in dry raw materials).

Use in cooking

Raw leaves can be used in soups, main courses, for example, baked with an omelet mixture. Green young leaves are a good base for salad, green soup, and cabbage soup. The taste is sweetish, aromatic. Dried flowers are used as tea leaves; dried leaves and roots diluted with water and honey make a delicious drink. Dry leaf powder is also used to season any dishes; it is added to sauces and gravies.

The root has a pleasant smell with an aniseed tint and is used as a spice, used to prepare decoctions, which can also be used for culinary purposes.

In addition to the treatment of vitamin C deficiency, vitamin C is used for the following medicinal purposes:

As an expectorant for chronic bronchitis, dry cough (par or decoction of the roots).
For any colds (a decoction of flowers is suitable for rinsing and washing the nose), pneumonia, fever, tuberculosis, runny nose, rhinitis, bronchial asthma.
As a normalizing agent for systematic constipation.
As a diuretic and for many kidney diseases.
For headaches, migraines, dizziness.
For rheumatism, rheumatoid polyarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accidents (use tea from young flower corollas, brew half a glass of flowers with a glass of boiling water).
As a sedative for children, for insomnia and neuroses in adults.
In dermatology for lichen, psoriasis, baldness (taken orally), external use is also possible (in the form of baths), for boils and rashes (decoction orally, combined in half with nettle leaves).
Used in cosmetology: prepare rinses and rubs for hair, use for the care of oily, flabby, inflamed skin, freckles, dilated blood vessels, age spots. As a rinse for sore gums.

Of course, for any of the above diseases, the plant is used as part of complex therapy and requires consultation with the attending physician. May cause allergic reactions. Contraindicated during pregnancy.

Recipes

Root decoction– the roots are crushed, for 1 tablespoon of such raw materials you will need a quarter liter of water. The raw materials are poured with water, boiled, left to cool, and filtered. As an expectorant, take one spoon 4-5 times a day.
Leaf decoction: dry leaves (15 g) are poured with water (1 glass), boiled for 15 minutes, allowed to cool. You can immediately pour boiling water over the leaves, wrap them in a warm towel, and let the product brew for half an hour.
Primrose juice. The above-ground part of the plant is cut off before flowering, crushed, placed in a glass jar in layers, sprinkling each layer with sugar. Place in a cool, dark place and leave until the juice is released. Filter, the remaining raw materials are squeezed out. Juice is a preventive and vitamin remedy (dosage: 1 tsp for children, 1 tbsp for adults, taken half an hour before meals)

A dry extract is also prepared from the roots of the plant, which is then pressed into tablets (Primulene). On sale you can also find expectorant syrup of primrose roots (Herbion).

Video review

The most important information about the plant:

Botanical characteristics of spring primrose

Primrose is a beautiful perennial plant from the popular primrose family. The plant has a short oblique rhizome. The leaves of this herb are represented by wrinkled oblong plates 15 cm long with a crenate edge. Flowering stems vary from 10 to 25 cm, with umbellate inflorescences at their ends. The calyx of the spring primrose consists of 5 green sepals, which are fused together.

Pollination of this plant carried out by insects using the cross method. The fruit in the form of an egg-shaped capsule pleases with a large number of small seeds. The presented grass blooms in May. The fruits ripen in June, after which seeding occurs. Spring primrose is widespread mainly in Europe and the western regions of Russia. It is found on the edges and clearings, in clearings and clearings, among various shrubs and in numerous light forests, as well as in steppes and large forest ravines. In some places this plant is capable of forming quite dense clusters.

Useful properties of primrose

This medicinal plant is also ornamental and edible. The leaves and young flowering shoots contain substantial reserves of ascorbic acid. Along with this, spring primrose contains a large amount of carotene, manganese salts, vitamin E and other trace elements. Eating fresh leaves of the plant will help replenish daily requirement human in such an important vitamin as C.

Application of primrose

Unique infusions from this herb are recommended to be taken orally to enhance the secretion of the bronchial glands, since the primrose is rich in vitamin A. To prepare an excellent decoction, you need to grind the leaves in the amount of 1 teaspoon and pour a glass of boiling water over them. After half an hour of infusion, you can take half a glass of the product in the morning and evening.

Primrose oil

Incredible healthy oil Primrose becomes so thanks to gamma-linoleic acid. It is known that it is rich in special fats that contribute to excellent well-being and good health. Primrose oil has an excellent effect on the cardiovascular system of the human body, normalizes optimal hormone levels, strengthens the immune system, and also improves the condition of the joints. It is recommended to take this wonderful oil 2 times a day - before breakfast and preferably before lunch. The standard dosage is 2 grams per day.

Primrose syrup "Gerbion"

The popular primrose syrup “Gerbion” is a unique preparation of plant origin. It is a powerful expectorant and anti-inflammatory agent, and also has an antimicrobial effect and reduces the viscosity of sputum. As a rule, "Gerbion" is indicated as an additional agent in complex therapy in the treatment of tracheitis and bronchitis. Side effects from taking it in rare cases include allergic reactions, sometimes nausea, and are almost never observed.

Scarlet primrose

The scarlet primrose is a special species from the primrose family. This plant blooms incredibly beautifully with scarlet small inflorescences. This annual herb has wavy leaves with hairs, which are presented in the form of a basal rosette. The scarlet primrose blooms in early spring.

Primrose large-cupped

Primrose large-cupped is annual plant, which is distinguished by short-haired leaves and fragrant pale yellow flowers. This herb blooms at the end of May. Grows this type in forest meadows and between bushes, choosing mixed forests. Primrose large-cup contains essential oil, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, primalaverine, primserine, manganese, essential for the human body, as well as the unique element carotene and important ascorbic acid.

IN folk medicine This herb is in particular demand because it has an expectorant effect. Moreover, it will help you quickly cope with chronic and overwork.

Primrose leaves

It is not for nothing that an infusion of the leaves of this wonderful plant is associated with an effective tonic and general strengthening agent. It is useful for spring vitamin deficiency, while eliminating fatigue. You can easily prepare such a decoction at home. Take 15 grams of crushed primrose leaves and combine them with a glass of fairly warm water. After 2 hours, it is recommended to take this delicious infusion 4 times a day, 1 tablespoon. In addition, this decoction is effective for influenza and other colds.

Bulbous primroses

Bulbous primroses are early spring plants with blue flowers and pale green pointed leaves. This grass appears immediately after the snow melts. It's graceful unpretentious plant can reach a height of 30 cm. Racemose inflorescences of flowers boast a special blue stripe in the middle of the perianth lobe. This small-bulbous plant reproduces by vegetative-daughter bulbs. This grass prefers semi-shaded places with good loose soil.

Primrose honey

The nectary of the primrose is located at the very base of the style. This wonderful plant blooms for about three weeks - in early spring, and sometimes in early summer. The pollen has a pleasant yellow tint. Bees love to visit primroses to collect nectar and pollen.

Primrose during pregnancy

Contraindications to the use of primrose

If you strictly follow the dosage, then side effects can be avoided. But it is worth noting that this plant is not recommended for allergy sufferers. In addition, there is no need to use primrose if you are intolerant to it, or if you have peptic ulcers.

Expert editor: Sokolova Nina Vladimirovna| Herbalist

Education: Diploma in General Medicine and Therapy received from the University named after N. I. Pirogov (2005 and 2006). Advanced training at the Department of Herbal Medicine at the Moscow People's Friendship University (2008).

Spring primrose (spring primrose, true or medicinal primrose) – perennial herbaceous plant family Primrose, widely used in both folk and scientific medicine. Popularly known by such names as rams, white initial letters, lambs, golden keys, heavenly keys, ears, lady's hands, flowers of St. Peter.

Chemical composition

The leaves, flowers, roots and rhizomes of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. The following biologically active substances were found in them:

Essential oils;
Saponins;
Triterpene glycosides (primverine and primulaverine);
Carotene;
Ascorbic acid.

Useful properties

Most beneficial properties spring primrose:

Expectorant;
Vitamin;
Soft;
Diuretic;
Sweatshop;
Anti-inflammatory;
Calming.

Indications for use

An alcohol tincture is made from spring primrose flowers, which is taken for overexcitation and insomnia.

A decoction of the roots and rhizomes is an effective expectorant. Preparations from the plant enhance the activity of the ciliated epithelium and the secretory activity of the mucous membranes of the respiratory system, have a slight antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect, and accelerate the removal of secretions from the respiratory tract. Due to these properties, primrose is prescribed for inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi, such as chronic bronchitis and tracheitis, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, bronchopneumonia, laryngitis, pharyngitis, etc.

Infusions and decoctions are used for coughs, colds, insomnia, neuralgia, migraines and migraine-like headaches, rheumatism and gout, kidney diseases and heart failure, scurvy, anemia.

Locally, the decoction is used for gargling for bronchitis, inflammation of the larynx and throat.

The pharmaceutical industry, based on spring primrose, produces the homeopathic remedy “Primula”, intended for the treatment of cough, catarrhal gastritis, and insomnia.

Contraindications

Spring primrose is an allergenic plant, so when using it you should focus on individual tolerance.

Primrose can cause miscarriage, so drugs based on it should not be taken by pregnant women.

Home remedies from spring primrose

Remedy for dry cough and chronic bronchitis: 2-3 tbsp. Pour dry crushed roots into a thermos, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 6 hours. Take ½ glass 2-3 times a day;
Expectorant for bronchitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract: pour 10-15 g of crushed roots and/or leaves into 200 ml of boiling water, boil for 30 minutes in a water bath, cool for 15 minutes at room temperature and strain. Take 1 tbsp. 3-4 times a day;
A remedy used for hypo- and vitamin C deficiency, as well as for anemia: 1 tbsp. Pour 100 ml of boiling water over the leaves crushed into powder, leave for 30 minutes and strain, add a pinch (on the tip of a knife) of table salt. Take in small sips throughout the day;
Tea for headaches, migraines, cerebrovascular accidents, also used for heart diseases, rheumatoid polyarthritis, rheumatic joint pain: pour ½ cup of loose flower corollas with 200 ml of boiling water. Use as regular tea;
Infusion for rhinitis: pour 40-60 g of rhizomes, roots and/or grass (you can take a mixture of all parts of the plant) into a thermos, pour 1 liter of boiling water, leave for 6-8 hours. Rinse your nostrils with this infusion. At the same time, it is recommended to drink tea made from spring primrose flowers (20 flowers per 1 liter of boiling water).

Spring primrose (medicinal), primrose - properties, uses, recipes

Other names: primrose officinalis, primrose officinalis, primrose large-cupped, rams, lambs, lady's hands, golden keys, jaundice, copperhead, lat. Primula veris L. and others.

Even the ancient Greeks knew this plant and considered it the medicinal flower of Olympus. They called the spring primrose "dodecatheon", that is, the flower of the 12 Gods.

Primrose grows in forest and forest-steppe zones of Ukraine, Russia and other countries, between bushes, in forest meadows, forest edges, etc. It is a perennial herbaceous plant of the primrose family, with a succulent short rhizome and many thin long roots. The stem of the primrose is leafless, the leaves are collected in a basal rosette, ovoid in shape, tapering into a winged petiole.

From the rhizome of the plant grows one or several stems with flowers collected in umbrellas and drooping to one side. The spring primrose flowers are fragrant, golden-yellow, with a tubular corolla (calyx).

The primrose (primrose) blooms starting in April and ending in May-June. Traditional medicine uses the leaves, flowers and rhizomes of primrose in treatment. The leaves and flowers of the plant are harvested at the beginning of flowering.

Primrose roots dug up in spring or late autumn, wash in running water and dry. First, they are dried in the open air, and then dried in dryers at a low temperature, 40-50 degrees C, or in the attic, spread in a thin layer on paper. The shelf life of the roots is 2 years.

The leaves are used as a vitamin preparation for the preparation of vitamin C concentrates, which are used in the treatment of hypo- and vitamin deficiencies. Powder from crushed primrose leaves is taken for a lack of vitamins in the body, lethargy, lack of appetite, and gum disease.

spring primrose belongs to valuable vitamin-rich plants; its leaves contain up to 500 mg of vitamin C, as well as carotene, flavonoids, anthocyanins and other beneficial and medicinal substances.

Young leaves are added to soup, borscht, and salads. In some European countries, primrose is cultivated as a salad crop. The leaves have a pleasant spicy smell and sweetish taste. In folk medicine, a decoction of primrose leaves, in the form of lotions and compresses, is used for bruises, and the flowers are used as a diaphoretic, a remedy that strengthens the nervous system, and more.

Decoction of primrose leaves : 15 g of dry leaves, pour 1 glass of water, boil for 15 minutes, leave until cool. Or, 1 teaspoon of powdered leaves is poured into 1/2 cup of boiling water and left for 20-30 minutes in a closed container. It is taken as an expectorant, diaphoretic and diuretic.

A decoction of spring primrose roots is used for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, or as an analgesic (for joint pain), headaches, chronic constipation, and many diseases of the genitourinary tract and kidneys.

Primrose root decoction: 1 full tbsp. pour a spoonful of crushed roots into 250 ml of water and boil for 10 minutes, then leave until cool and strain. Drink 1 tablespoon 4-5 times a day for respiratory diseases, etc.
There is another recipe: pour 20 g of crushed primrose roots into 400 ml. water, boil for 10 minutes, leave for 20-25 minutes, strain. Drink 0.5 cups 3-4 times a day for the above diseases.

A dry extract is made from the roots of the primrose, in the form of tablets - primulene, which is used for dry coughs, as an expectorant. Syrup from primrose rhizomes is also a good expectorant and is used for coughs or severe coughs.

Traditional medicine uses primrose flowers as a diaphoretic for colds, migraines, dizziness, insomnia, fever, heart disease and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Primrose is also used for neuroses and insomnia, in the form of an infusion: pour 10 g of dried flowers with 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes, drink the entire infusion in several doses throughout the day.

Useful and primrose juice spring. It is prepared as follows: cut off the above-ground part of the plant before flowering, chop it and place it in a glass jar or enamel pan, in layers, sprinkled with sugar. Place the dishes in a cool, dark place and let sit until the juice is released abundantly. Then drain the juice, squeeze out the remainder and store in a dark place.

Primrose juice can be taken as a medicinal and vitamin preparation for adults and children (children - 1 teaspoon, adults - 1 tablespoon) half an hour before meals. It is useful to drink primrose juice as a preventive measure, as a medicinal and vitamin remedy.
In dermatology, spring primrose preparations are prescribed orally for baldness, psoriasis, and lichen planus. Externally, in the form of a decoction, primrose is added to bath water.

Infusion of primrose flowers: Pour 1 teaspoon of flowers into 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 6-7 minutes. Drink 0.5-1 glass, instead of tea, as a preventative and remedy. It acts as a sleeping pill on children.

Tea made from primrose flowers, together with hawthorn flowers, is recommended to be taken when the heart beats frequently. And if this mixture also contains calendula flowers, then this good remedy for insomnia and neuroses.

For skin rashes, boils and other skin diseases, as a good blood purifier, take an infusion of equal parts nettle and primrose leaves.

Spring primrose, contraindications. Preparations, infusions, decoctions, and primrose juice can cause an allergic skin reaction in some people. Therefore, if an inflammatory itchy rash appears, the use of drugs must be stopped.
It is not recommended to take primrose, in any form, during pregnancy, since it stimulates uterine contractions, as well as in case of individual intolerance.

This plant has many names:

Spring primrose (medicinal, real);
Spring primrose;
Lambs, lambs, ears;
Golden key (the flowers really resemble a bunch of gilded keys).

There is a whole group of plants that are commonly called "" - for their early flowering. Medicinal primrose can safely be attributed to this group, although it is not the most popular in it.

The name is translated from Latin as “early spring”.

Description

Primrose is a herbaceous perennial. The stems are straight, succulent, 15-30 cm high. Oblong, ovate, pubescent leaves are collected in a basal rosette. The root system is the rhizome. On each peduncle there are drooping flowers, collected in an umbrella inflorescence (10-30 flowers). The flowers are tubular, with a five-petal corolla, at the base of the fold of each petal there is a barely visible dark spot. One pistil, five stamens. If you look closely, you will notice that in different flowers the anthers and pistil are at different levels. In some, the stigma of the pistil is lower than the anthers, in others it is the other way around - in this way, some plants adapt to cross-pollination. The diameter of the flowers is 7-15 mm.

Seeds and seed pod - they can be seen in the picture below.

Flowering is early - from mid-April to July.

What does a spring primrose look like in the photo?

Inflorescences:

Leaves:

General view:

Spring primrose in the garden:

Where is it found in the wild?

Growing

Primrose can be grown from seeds, which, although not often, are found on sale.

They are sown before winter (in August or September) or in spring (in March or April).

The distance between plants and rows is 30 cm.

Spring primrose seeds are sown as early as possible - they quickly lose their viability.

Sowing seedlings:

Deadline: early February.
The seeds are spread on a pre-moistened soil surface (leaf soil, sand, turf soil - 2:1:1).
Spread rarely, only lightly pressing the seeds to the soil.
Cover with glass or polyethylene and place in the freezer (temperature no higher than -10 ºC) for a month.
Then the crops are moved to the windowsill. Temperature - 16-18 ºC. You should choose a lighted place, but without direct sunlight.
The soil is moistened in a timely manner.
Primrose germinates quite slowly - 2-3 weeks.
The emerging seedlings are gradually accustomed to fresh air; two weeks after germination, the film is removed.
They dive after the appearance of 2 true leaves. Plants constantly dive as they grow, until the time comes for planting in open ground - and this happens only in the second year of life. Planting in the ground - at the end of May. The distance between plants is 30 cm.

Primrose grown from seeds will bloom in 2-3 years.

Landing and seat selection

This plant is a good choice for semi-shaded places, for example, near the wall of a house, under trees, near a fence. The soil does not need special preparation, let’s not forget that this is a native plant for our country, but it is worth paying attention to ensuring that the soil is sufficiently fertile and well-moistened. Clay soil is suitable; if it is too heavy, it is dug up with sand, moss, vermiculite and organic matter.

Application

The young leaves of the plant are edible and are a source of incredible amounts of vitamin C - two young leaves provide the daily requirement of an adult. They are especially valued because they are available in early spring, when vitamins are in short supply. The leaves contain not only vitamin C, but also carotene, saponins, and flavonoids.

Attention: the plant is classified as endangered; collecting wild specimens without a license is prohibited.

Collecting leaves

Use in cooking

The root has a pleasant smell with an aniseed tint and is used as a spice, used to prepare decoctions, which can also be used for culinary purposes.

In addition to the treatment of vitamin C deficiency, vitamin C is used for the following medicinal purposes:

As an expectorant for chronic bronchitis, dry cough (par or decoction of the roots).
For any colds (a decoction of flowers is suitable for rinsing and washing the nose), pneumonia, fever, tuberculosis, runny nose, rhinitis, bronchial asthma.
As a normalizing agent for systematic constipation.
As a diuretic and for many kidney diseases.
For headaches, migraines, dizziness.
For rheumatism, rheumatoid polyarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accidents (use tea from young flower corollas, brew half a glass of flowers with a glass of boiling water).
As a sedative for children, for insomnia and neuroses in adults.
In dermatology for lichen, psoriasis, baldness (taken orally), external use is also possible (in the form of baths), for boils and rashes (decoction orally, combined in half with nettle leaves).
Used in cosmetology: prepare rinses and rubs for hair, use for the care of oily, flabby, inflamed skin, freckles, dilated blood vessels, age spots. As a rinse for sore gums.

Recipes

Root decoction– the roots are crushed, for 1 tablespoon of such raw materials you will need a quarter liter of water. The raw materials are poured with water, boiled, left to cool, and filtered. As an expectorant, take one spoon 4-5 times a day.
Leaf decoction: dry leaves (15 g) are poured with water (1 glass), boiled for 15 minutes, allowed to cool. You can immediately pour boiling water over the leaves, wrap them in a warm towel, and let the product brew for half an hour.
Primrose juice. The above-ground part of the plant is cut off before flowering, crushed, placed in a glass jar in layers, sprinkling each layer with sugar. Place in a cool, dark place and leave until the juice is released. Filter, the remaining raw materials are squeezed out. Juice is a preventive and vitamin remedy (dosage: 1 tsp for children, 1 tbsp for adults, taken half an hour before meals)

A dry extract is also prepared from the roots of the plant, which is then pressed into tablets (Primulene). On sale you can also find expectorant syrup of primrose roots (Herbion).

Video review

The most important information about the plant:

Name in Latin: Primula veris

Synonyms: ears , heavenly keys, St. Peter's flowers, rams, golden keys, primrose, spring primrose, spring primrose, keys , firstborn , seals , lambs , white letter , God's hands , gasnik

Primrose officinalis is a herbaceous perennial plant of the Primrose family, which is widely used in official and folk medicine as an expectorant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, laxative, and antirheumatic agent. Pharmacies sell cough syrups with primrose. At home, tea, oil, tincture, and infusion are prepared from the plant.

The primrose has a horizontal short rhizome, from which thin roots extend. The leaves are wrinkled, petiolate, ovoid, collected in a basal rosette, pubescent underneath.

The flowers are bisexual, regular in shape, yellow, dimorphic, five-membered, inclined to one side, collected in umbellate inflorescences of 5-13 flowers. Primrose blooms from April to June, the fruits ripen in June-July. The fruit is a multi-seeded brown capsule, ovoid in shape. Primrose propagates vegetatively and by seeds.

The plant can be found on the edges of forests, meadows, clearings, and thickets of bushes. Primrose grows almost throughout Europe. There are many beliefs and legends associated with this plant. It is mentioned in Shakespeare's historical stories. As medicinal plant Primrose began to be used during the times of Ancient Greece.

Preparation and storage

Rhizomes, roots and leaves of primrose are harvested for medicinal purposes. The leaves are collected during flowering, since it is during this period that they contain the largest amount of biologically active substances. The leaves are dried in a room with good ventilation or in special dryers at a temperature of no more than 80 degrees Celsius.

Rhizomes and roots are harvested outside the period of flowering and fruit ripening, in early spring or autumn. The roots are carefully dug up, cleaned of soil, dirt, and remains of the above-ground part and dried in a room with good ventilation or in special dryers at a temperature of no more than 60 degrees Celsius.

The finished raw material has a bitter taste and no odor. Store the finished product in fabric or paper bags in a dry place with good ventilation. The shelf life of raw materials is two years. After this time, the product begins to rapidly lose its healing properties.

Chemical composition

The plant contains the following biologically active substances:

flavonoids
essential oil
silicic acid
vitamins A, C
macro and microelements

The content of useful substances in the rhizome and roots is higher than in the aboveground part of the plant.

Application in medicine

Primrose-based products have the following effects on the body:

expectorant
anti-inflammatory
antispasmodic
antirheumatic
diuretic
analgesic
laxative
sweatshop
carminative
sedative

The main indication for the use of primrose is the treatment of cough. The herb of the plant stimulates the functioning of the bronchi, thins mucus, transforming an unproductive dry cough into a productive wet one.

Primrose-based products are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as:

tracheitis
pulmonary tuberculosis
emphysema

Other indications for the use of primrose are the following: pathological conditions body:

ARVI, influenza - the herb has an antipyretic and diaphoretic effect, relieves inflammation and swelling of the nasal mucosa during sinusitis
rheumatism, gout - primrose infusion is taken orally and used externally to rub lesions
diseases of the digestive system - products based on primrose improve appetite, have a laxative and carminative effect, relieve cramps and bloating, help with gastritis and constipation
diseases of the nervous system - primrose is recommended to be taken at night for nervous overexcitation, insomnia, migraines, neuroses of various etiologies
diseases of the urinary system - primrose has a mild diuretic effect

Nasties and decoctions of the plant are used externally to gargle for sore throat, pharyngitis, laryngitis, gingivitis, and stomatitis. In cosmetology, primrose is used to strengthen hair and cleanse the skin.

Contraindications

It is prohibited to take plant-based products if there are the following contraindications:

individual intolerance
pregnancy, lactation period

Before use in elderly people and children, consultation with a specialist is necessary. It is necessary to strictly follow the recommended dosage and frequency of administration. In case of overdose, the development of such side effects such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting. In this case, you should immediately stop taking primrose preparations and seek medical help.

Recipes

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I haven’t written for a long time, but again I need your much-needed help.

All this time, from 08/15/18 to 12/20/19, I took about 2 months of courses (alternating) of the following fees recommended by you:

I also drank constantly all this time and now I drink black cohosh, 1 capsule 2 times (morning and evening) and 1 capsule of evening primrose at lunch.

At the moment I feel satisfactory, there are no bright flashes, maybe sometimes something similar. About a month ago I felt that my heart was beating a little faster, I started drinking magnesium, and it felt better. However, I did an ultrasound and hormone tests. Here they are.

With great respect for your work.

Answer:

I'm glad your reproductive hormones are in perfect order! Regarding thyroid gland I am sure that this is a natural result of menopause and poor iodine levels throughout Ukraine. TSH reacts to pulmonary iodine deficiency with a natural increase. Antibodies are elevated quite slightly and have no clinical significance.

I think, Lenochka, that you need to add organic iodine to your diet and reduce your anxiety level.

1. Tyrosine, Iherb website. Admission for 2 months.

2. Thyroidogen, take according to instructions (Havinson's peptides website).

3. Sea fish - 3 times a week, seaweed salad (not powdered) - 2 times a week, raw beets - 2 times a week, walnuts- 2-3 pieces 3 times a week; iodized bread and salt.

If you have stopped organizing collections, download fragrant rue from the Lechets website and make an infusion of 1 tsp/400.0 ml of water. Drink 70.0 ml 3-4 times a day.

Good luck, Lenochka and keep me posted!

Primula officinalis L.- Primrose officinalis. Russian names: Primrose officinalis, rams, initial letter, primrose officinalis; Ukrainian: Pervotsvit Likarsky, rams.

Family: Primulaceae - primroses.

A perennial herbaceous plant 15-20 cm high, of the primrose family, appears in early spring, as soon as the snow melts. The rhizome is oblique, unbranched, short, covered with whitish, cord-like roots. Leaves are basal, ovate. One (or several) flower arrow carries an inflorescence - a simple one-sided umbrella. The flowers are large, bright yellow with an orange spot at the base of the corolla lobes. The fruit is a multi-seeded, ovoid brown capsule. Seeds are spherical, 1-1.5 mm long. Blooms in April-May. Ripens in June-July. It cracks only in favorable weather; in bad weather the boxes close.

Grows in large quantities in deciduous mixed forests of the middle and forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia.

Collecting. WITH therapeutic purpose The grass, leaves, flowers, roots, and rhizomes of primroses are harvested. The above-ground part of the plant is collected during flowering, dried immediately in the sun or in a dryer, oven, oven at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. With slow drying, the amount of vitamin C is significantly reduced.
The presence of vitamin A in primrose leaves makes it possible to use them in case of deficiency of this vitamin.
The dried leaves are grayish-green, have a honey smell, the taste is initially sweetish, then pungently bitter.
Flowers are harvested without calyxes in April-May and air-dried. Dried flowers are blooming yellow corollas with a faint odor and a sweetish taste.
Rhizomes with roots are dug up in the fall, after the above-ground part of the plant has withered, or in early spring before flowering. They are shaken off the ground, the stems are cut off, washed in cold water, lightly dried in air and dried in dryers, ovens, ovens at a temperature of 50-60 ° C. Dried rhizomes are reddish-brown, covered in scales. The roots are whitish, 3-10 cm long, bitterish, astringent taste, faint odor. Store in multi-layer paper or canvas bags, on racks in well-ventilated areas. The shelf life of leaves and flowers is 1 year, rhizomes and roots - 3 years.

CONSUMPTION. Primrose preparations have a diuretic, diaphoretic, restorative, vitamin, expectorant effect, improve the functions of the adrenal glands and the secretion of gastric juice.
Infusions and tinctures of primrose, when taken orally, enhance the secretion of the bronchial glands and are low toxic. Primrose leaves by mid-June contain up to 6% ascorbic acid; Quickly dried leaves retain vitamin C almost completely.
An infusion is prepared from dry primrose leaves during the flowering period of the plant: pour 1 teaspoon of the crushed plant with a glass of boiling water, leave for half an hour and drink half a glass 2 times a day. The infusion is prepared in an enamel bowl. On the second day, the vitamin C content in the infusion decreases.
Infusion of primrose roots: infuse 5 g of roots in 200 ml of boiling water for 2 hours, strain. Drink 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for constipation, insomnia, general weakness, poor appetite, cough, dizziness, kidney disease and bladder as a diuretic.
Infusions of primrose leaves: infuse 5-10 g of leaf powder in 200 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for poor appetite, general weakness, cough, hypovitaminosis, scurvy, pneumonia.
Primrose leaves in an earlier period, at the beginning of flowering, are used to prepare salads. Two primrose leaves are enough to satisfy the body's daily need for vitamin C.
Infusion of primrose flowers: infuse 25 g of primrose flowers in 200 ml of boiling water for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100-200 ml 1-3 times a day for migraines, dizziness, chronic constipation.
Primrose herb decoction: boil 20 g of chopped herb in 200 ml of water for 20 minutes, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough as an expectorant.
Decoction of primrose roots: boil 20 g of primrose roots in 400 ml of water for 15 minutes, leave for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100 ml 3-4 times a day for respiratory diseases, rheumatism, gout, kidney and bladder diseases.
Drink made from primrose flowers: wash the flowers and pour cold water, keep at room temperature until fermentation begins, add honey or sugar. Store in a cool, dark place. 250 g primrose flowers, 1 liter of water, honey, sugar to taste.
Tea with primrose. Mix dried leaves or roots of primrose and St. John's wort in equal quantities and chop. Brew like tea. Drink with sugar, honey, jam, xylitol, sweets.
Grind the dried roots and rhizomes of primrose into powder and use for seasoning soups, borscht, meat, fish, vegetable dishes, snacks, and drinks.

Steam, sometimes a decoction of 30.0-40.0 g. Roots per 1 liter. Water is taken as an expectorant, half a glass 2-3 times a day for dry cough and bronchitis.
Flower steam 20.0 g. Per 1 liter. Water or whole plant 40.0-60.0 g. Per 1 liter. The water is taken for coughs, bronchitis, runny nose and in general for all types of colds associated with throat and lung ailments, as well as for rinsing the nostrils. The same steam is drunk for chronic constipation, for migraines and as a diuretic. This drug has a slightly hypnotic effect on children. I have noticed that during migraines, taking this drug stops irritating sensitivity to light and the headache gradually goes away. In the absence of rose hips, I personally used the primrose plant, including it in the mixture in cases where it was necessary to give the patient vitamin “C”.

One of the first spring plants, which everyone treats with love and tenderness. Children pull out a flower from a brush and suck out the sweet juice, adults pick young leaves for salad - in taste it is not much inferior to garden salad, but nutritional value far superior to him. No plant contains as much ascorbic acid in its leaves as primrose.
Herbalists harvest primrose for medicinal purposes. For chronic bronchitis, this is one of the most gentle and reliable remedies. Everything in the primrose is used: leaves, flowers, roots. An infusion or decoction of the roots is an effective expectorant. If imported senega was once considered the best in this regard, it turned out that primrose is five times stronger than senega in these qualities. Therefore, it is often used for pneumonia and bronchial asthma.
An infusion of flowers helps with migraines, dizziness, inflammation of the bladder and as a mild laxative. By the way, an infusion of flowers is considered useful for paralysis.
Popularly, a “love potion” is prepared from primrose leaves. The leaves are quickly dried in the oven, ground into powder and placed in a tightly sealed container, preferably a bottle with a ground-in lid. On long winter evenings, drink tea by brewing half a teaspoon of powder in a glass of boiling water, leave, wrapped, for 20-30 minutes and add 1-2 grains of salt. It is believed that such tea helps maintain family happiness, unshakable love and peace in the home. The powder is well stored - even after a year, the beneficial substances it contains do not lose their activity.
I have long noticed that in many folk recipes The use of primrose mentions migraines. Then I introduced it into my practice and really got good results (when using several other herbs at the same time). However, the primrose itself is able to cope with this disease.
MIGRAINE, LONG-TERM HEADACHES. Loosely fill a glass jar with fresh primrose flowers and pour dry grape wine. Leave for 3 weeks. After straining, take 50 ml 3 times a day before meals - like an excellent medicine.
MIGRAINE, DIVISINESS. Pour a full tablespoon of crushed dried flowers into a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes and drink in warm like tea. Or brew a little more and take half a glass 3 times a day.
MIGRAINE, NEUROSIS, INSOMNIA. Brew 2-3 tablespoons of chopped dry herbs in 0.5 liters of boiling water, preferably in a thermos - this is the daily dose.
KIDNEY, BLADDER DISEASES. Pour a glass of boiling water over an incomplete teaspoon of roots (without a high heap), leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day. It is also useful for general weakness, poor appetite, insomnia, constipation and as a diuretic.
PNEUMONIA, BRONCHITIS. Pour 1 tablespoon of crushed roots into a glass of raw water, bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for 3-4 minutes, then leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
HEART DISEASES, PARALYSIS, KIDNEY DISEASES, COLDS. Pour 3 teaspoons of dried crushed flowers into a glass of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, strain. Take half a glass warm, slowly, in sips, 3 times a day, regardless of food.

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Harmless does not mean uncontrolled. Try drinking a decoction of the roots not in tablespoons, but in half a glass or the whole glass at once - at best you will feel discomfort, and most likely it will cause nausea and vomiting. This is not poisoning, but you are guaranteed to have an upset stomach with all the inherent symptoms. Primrose may cause allergic reaction. Should not be used together with anticoagulants. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it stimulates uterine contractions.

Storage. Flowers and leaves and roots separately are stored in boxes lined with paper inside.