Primrose officinalis: application, recipes, pharmaceutical preparations (primrose). Primrose officinalis Sheep plant medicinal properties

31.01.2019

After a long and cold winter, we are all waiting for the first heralds of spring to appear - tender and fragrant snowdrops. And not everyone knows that these are not the only messengers of the long-awaited spring, which notify us that the reign of winter has come to an end. At the same time, the earth is covered with a luxurious carpet of primroses - medicinal plants, which are also very beautiful.

V Ancient Greece The primrose was considered the flower of Olympus, it was called the "flower of the twelve gods." The Greeks believed that he appeared from the body that died from the love of the young man Paralysos. Grieving for him, the gods turned him into a beautiful spring flower.

Ancient healers used the plant in the treatment of various paralysis. In many countries, primrose is the flower of marriage. It is believed that the girl who first finds it will definitely meet her betrothed this year and get married. The primrose was especially reverent in England, where it was revered as a magical flower and it was firmly believed that old gnomes and tiny fairies were hiding in it from bad weather.

Types of primroses

Today there are more than five hundred species that differ in flowering time, color of flowers. In our country, the most common plants with medicinal properties:

large cup;
spring primrose (medicinal);
high;
mealy.

In this article, we will introduce you to medicinal primrose.

plant description

Primrose preparations: infusion of roots and rhizomes

Place 10 grams of dry raw materials in a bowl (preferably enamelled), pour 250 ml of boiled herb hot water, close the container with a lid and place it in a water bath for half an hour.

After that, the composition should be cooled in vivo and strain. The remaining raw materials should not be thrown away: it can be used one more time. Bring the volume of the composition to 200 ml of cooled boiled water. The remedy is used two tablespoons (tablespoons) three times a day about half an hour before meals for chronic diseases of the bronchi and lungs.

root decoction

Pour 20 grams of raw materials with 500 ml of water and boil over low heat for fifteen minutes. Then the mixture should be infused. This will take no more than forty minutes. Strain the resulting remedy and take 100 ml before each meal. The decoction is recommended for diseases of the bronchi and lungs, kidneys and severe forms of rheumatism.

Herbal decoction

Boil 20 grams of dry crushed leaves in 250 ml of water for half an hour over low heat. After that, strain the resulting composition and bring the volume to the original volume with boiled water.

Take this remedy one spoon (tablespoon) at least four times a day for whooping cough, acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia.

Primrose flower infusion

Pour 25 grams of dry raw materials with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for half an hour. Wring out the raw material, take 100 ml four times a day. Infusion normalizes metabolism, improves gastric secretion.

Primrose juice

Juice is squeezed out of flowering grass (aerial part). Take it in a third of a glass, adding a spoon (tea) of honey three times a day before meals.

primrose syrup

Primrose syrup is an excellent expectorant, which is effective for acute respiratory infections, tracheitis, bronchitis, accompanied by a dry cough. The syrup has a brown color and a subtle specific smell. It can be purchased at a pharmacy.

general health drink

Rinse 250 grams of fresh primrose flowers well and pour in a liter of cold water, leave to infuse until fermentation begins. After that, add your choice: sugar, honey or jam to taste. Keep the drink in a cool dark place. It is taken 150 ml four times a day before meals.

Tea

Grind dry leaves or roots and mix with equal parts. Grind the herbal mixture and brew it like a tea. You can improve the taste with honey or jam.

Collection and storage of raw materials

For medicinal purposes, both the roots and the aerial part of the plant are used: stems, leaves and flowers. Aboveground part primroses are harvested when the plant begins to bloom. Raw materials are dried after collection in the open sun or in dryers. Maximum temperature - +50 °C. This is due to the fact that with slow drying, the content of vitamin C in the plant is significantly reduced.

The leaves are carefully plucked by hand, while half of them should be left on the stem. This will allow the plant to grow and develop normally in the future. We must not forget that the primrose is listed in the Red Book, so its mass collection is prohibited.

Dried leaves have a greyish-green color, a honey smell and a sweetish taste, which is quickly replaced by a burning-bitter aftertaste.

Flowers are harvested without calyx from April to May. Dry them in the fresh air under a canopy, or in a well-ventilated shady place. medicinal primrose, more precisely, its flowers, dried correctly, are blossoming yellow corollas with a delicate smell and a sweetish taste.

The roots of the plant should be dug up in the autumn, immediately after the aerial part of the plant withers. You can do this in early spring, but before the primrose blooms. The roots are thoroughly shaken off the ground, then washed in running cold water, dried a little in the air, and then completely dried in a dryer at a temperature not exceeding + 60 ° C. Properly dried rhizomes have a reddish-brown color. Inside, the roots are whitish in color with a bitter astringent taste and subtle odors.

Dried raw materials are stored either in multilayer paper bags or in canvas bags in a ventilated area.

Contraindications, side effects

Quite rarely, but there are people with an allergic reaction to primrose officinalis. The use of any drugs or even touching the grass can cause them itching and severe burning on the skin. The affected areas are covered with bubbles that are filled with fluid. Later, in places where the bubbles were and healed, the skin begins to peel off, and when combing, ulcers can form. Pollen caught in the upper respiratory tract or in the mouth can cause inflammation of the mucous membranes.

If allergic reactions occur, the drug should be stopped immediately. Medicinal primrose is not recommended for pregnant women and nursing mothers, as well as children under three years of age.

This plant has many names:

Spring primrose (medicinal, real);
Primula spring;
Sheep, lambs, ears;
Golden key (the flowers really resemble a bunch of gilded keys).

There is a whole group of plants that are commonly called "" - for early flowering. Medicinal primrose can be safely attributed to this group, although it is not the most popular in it.

The name is translated from Latin as "early spring".

Description

Primrose is a herbaceous perennial. The stems are straight, juicy, 15-30 cm high. Oblong, ovate, pubescent leaves are collected in a basal rosette. The root system is a rhizome. On each peduncle there are drooping flowers collected in an inflorescence-umbrella (10-30 flowers). The flowers are tubular, with a five-petal corolla, at the base of the fold at each petal there is a barely visible dark spot. One pistil, five stamens. If you look closely, you can see that in different flowers, anthers and pistils are located on different levels. Some have stigmas below the anthers, others the other way around - in this way, some plants adapt to cross-pollination. The diameter of the flowers is 7-15 mm.

Seeds and seed box - they can be seen in the figure below.

Flowering early - from mid-April to July.

What does spring primrose look like in the photo

Inflorescences:

Spring primrose in the garden:

Where is it found in the wild?

Its habitats are forests and forest-steppes in the western part of Russia. Distributed almost throughout the country, however, in some regions, its populations are gradually being replaced by a very similar, related species - large-cup primrose (in the Volga region, Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Caucasus)

Some taxonomists consider the large-cupped subspecies of the spring primrose. It is also listed in the Red Book of many regions of the Russian Federation, it is used as an ornamental, medicinal (a rhizome is used), and gastronomic (leaves are a source of vitamin C) plant.

cultivation

Primrose can be grown from seeds, which, although not common, are commercially available.

They are sown before winter (in August or September) or in spring (in March or April).

The distance between plants and rows is 30 cm.

Seeds of spring primrose are sown as early as possible - they quickly lose their germination.

Sowing seedlings:

The deadline is early February.
Seeds are laid out on a pre-moistened soil surface (leaf land, sand, sod land - 2: 1: 1).
Spread rarely, only slightly pressing the seeds to the soil.
Cover with glass or polyethylene, put in the freezer (temperature not higher than -10 ºC) for a month.
Then rearrange the crops on the windowsill. Temperature - 16-18 ºC. You should choose a well-lit place, but without direct sunlight.
The soil is moistened in a timely manner.
Primrose germinates rather slowly - 2-3 weeks.
The emerging shoots are gradually accustomed to fresh air, two weeks after germination, the film is removed.
Dive after the appearance of 2 true leaves. Plants dive constantly, as they grow, until the time for planting in open ground- and this happens only in the second year of life. Landing in the ground - at the end of May. The distance between plants is 30 cm.

Primrose grown from seeds will bloom for 2-3 years.

Boarding and seat selection

This plant is a good choice for semi-shady places, for example, near the wall of the house, under the trees, near the fence. The land does not need special preparation, let's not forget that this is a native plant for our country, but you should pay attention to the fact that the soil is fertile and well moistened. Clay soil is suitable, if it is too heavy, it is dug up with sand, moss, vermiculite and organic matter.

Application

The young leaves of the plant are edible and provide an incredible amount of vitamin C - two young leaves provide daily allowance adult person. Especially appreciated because they are available in early spring, when vitamins are not enough. The leaves contain not only vitamin C, but also carotene, saponins, flavonoids.

Attention: the plant is classified as endangered, the collection of wild specimens without a license is prohibited.

Collection of leaves

They are harvested by hand at the beginning of flowering, only half of the leaves are taken from one copy. The resulting raw materials are dried at normal temperature or at 90-100 ° - this method is preferable (it allows you to save more vitamin C - in general, 95% of vitamin C from its original content is stored in dry raw materials).

Application in cooking

Raw leaves can be used in soups, second courses, for example, bake them with an omelet mixture. Green young leaves are a good basis for salad, green soup, cabbage soup. Taste - sweetish, fragrant. Dried flowers are used as a tea brew, dried leaves and roots diluted with water and honey make a delicious drink. Dried leaf powder is also used as a dressing for any dish, it is added to sauces and gravies.

The root has a pleasant smell with an anise hue and is used as a spice, used to make decoctions, which can also be used for culinary purposes.

In addition to the treatment of beriberi, vitamin C is used for the following medicinal purposes:

As an expectorant for chronic bronchitis, dry cough (for example, go for a decoction of the roots).
For any colds (a decoction of flowers is suitable for rinsing and washing the nose), pneumonia, fever, tuberculosis, runny nose, rhinitis, bronchial asthma.
As a normalizing agent for systematic constipation.
As a diuretic and in many kidney diseases.
With headaches, migraines, dizziness.
With rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, disorders of cerebral circulation (tea from young corollas of flowers is used, half a glass of flowers is brewed with a glass of boiling water).
As a sedative for children, insomnia and neurosis in adults.
In dermatology for lichen, psoriasis, baldness (taken orally), external use is also possible (in the form of baths), from boils and rashes (decoction inside, combined in half with nettle leaves).
They are used in cosmetology: they prepare rinsing and rubbing for hair, they are used to care for oily, flabby, inflamed skin, with freckles, dilated blood vessels, age spots. Like a rinse for gum disease.

Of course, for any of the above diseases, the plant is used as part of complex therapy and requires agreement with the attending physician. May cause allergic reactions. Contraindicated in pregnancy.

Recipes

root decoction- the roots are crushed, a quarter liter of water is required for 1 tablespoon of such raw materials. Raw materials are poured with water, boiled, insisted until cool, filtered. As an expectorant, use 4-5 times a day, one spoonful.
leaf decoction: dry leaves (15 g) are poured with water (1 cup), boiled for 15 minutes, allowed to cool. You can pour the leaves immediately with boiling water, wrap with a warm towel, and let the remedy brew for half an hour.
Primrose juice. The ground part of the plant is cut off before flowering, crushed, placed in a glass jar in layers, sprinkling each layer with sugar. Put in a cool, dark place, insist until the juice is released. Filter, the remaining raw material is squeezed out. Juice is a prophylactic and vitamin remedy (dosages: 1 tsp - for children, 1 tbsp - for adults, taken half an hour before meals)

Also, a dry extract is made from the roots of the plant, which is then pressed into tablets (Primulen). On sale you can also find expectorant syrup of primrose roots (Gerbion).

Review on video

The most important information about the plant:

Botanical characteristics of spring primrose

Primrose is beautiful perennial from the popular primrose family. The plant has a short oblique rhizome. The leaves of this grass are represented by wrinkled oblong plates 15 cm long with a crenate edge. Flowering stems vary from 10 to 25 cm, at the ends of them are umbellate inflorescences. The calyx of the spring primrose consists of 5 green sepals, which are fused together.

Pollination of this plant is carried out by insects by a cross method. The fruit in the form of an ovoid box pleases with a large number of small seeds. The presented grass blooms in May. The fruits ripen in June, after which seeding occurs. Spring primrose is widespread mainly in Europe and in the western regions of Russia. It is found on the edges and clearings, on clearings and clearings, among various shrubs and in numerous light forests, as well as in steppes and large forest ravines. In some places, this plant is able to form fairly dense clusters.

Useful properties of primrose

Such a medicinal plant is also decorative and food. The leaves and young flower-bearing arrows contain substantial reserves of ascorbic acid. Along with this, spring primrose contains a large amount of carotene, manganese salts, vitamin E and other trace elements. Eating fresh leaves of the plant for food will make it possible to fill the daily human need for such an important vitamin as C.

The use of primrose

Unique infusions of such herbs are recommended to be taken orally to enhance the secretion of the bronchial glands, since the primrose is rich in vitamin A. To prepare an excellent decoction, you need to grind the leaves in the amount of 1 teaspoon and pour them with a glass of boiling water. After half an hour of infusion, you can take half a glass of funds in the morning and evening.

Primrose oil

Incredible healthy oil primrose becomes such thanks to gamma-linoleic acid. It is known that it is rich in special fats that contribute to excellent well-being and good health. Primrose oil has a great effect on the cardiovascular system of the human body, normalizes the optimal level of hormones, strengthens the immune system, and also improves the condition of the joints. It is recommended to take this wonderful oil 2 times a day - before breakfast and preferably before dinner. The standard dose is 2 grams per day.

Primrose syrup "Gerbion"

The popular primrose syrup "Gerbion" is a unique preparation of plant origin. It is a powerful expectorant and anti-inflammatory agent, and also has an antimicrobial effect and reduces the viscosity of sputum. As a rule, "Gerbion" is indicated as an additional tool in complex therapy in the treatment of tracheitis and bronchitis. side effects from taking in rare cases there are allergic reactions, sometimes nausea and, and almost never observed.

Scarlet primrose

Scarlet primrose is a special species from the primrose family. This plant blooms unusually beautifully with scarlet small inflorescences. Such an annual grass has wavy leaves with hairs, which are presented in the form of a basal rosette. Scarlet primrose blooms in early spring.

Primrose large-cup

Primrose large cup is annual plant, which is distinguished by short-pubescent leaves and fragrant pale yellow flowers. Flowering of this herb occurs at the end of May. grows this species in forest meadows and between shrubs, choosing mixed forests. Large cup primrose contains essential oil, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, primalaverin, primzerin, manganese, which is indispensable for the human body, as well as the unique element carotene and important ascorbic acid.

In folk medicine, this herb is in particular demand because it has an expectorant effect. Moreover, it will help to quickly cope with chronic and overwork.

primrose leaves

The infusion of the leaves of this wonderful plant is not in vain associated with an effective tonic and tonic. It is useful in spring beriberi, while eliminating overwork. At home, you can easily prepare such a decoction. We take 15 grams of crushed primrose leaves and combine them with a glass of fairly warm water. After 2 hours, it is recommended to take this delicious infusion 4 times a day, 1 tablespoon. In addition, this decoction is effective for flu and other colds.

bulbous primroses

Bulbous primroses are early spring plants with blue flowers and pale green pointed leaves. Such grass appears immediately after the snow melts. It's graceful unpretentious plant can reach a height of 30 cm. Racemes of flowers boast a special blue stripe in the middle of the perianth lobe. This small-bulbous plant propagates by vegetative-daughter bulbs. Such grass prefers semi-shady places with good loose soil.

Primrose honey

The nectary of the primrose is located at the very base of the column. Such a wonderful plant blooms for about three weeks - in early spring, and sometimes in early summer. Pollen has a pleasant yellow tint. Bees love to visit the primrose to collect nectar and pollen.

Primrose during pregnancy

Contraindications to the use of primrose

If strictly adhere to the dosage, then side effects can be avoided. But it is worth noting that it is not recommended for allergy sufferers to use such a plant. In addition, it is not necessary to use primrose with its individual intolerance, as well as with peptic ulcers.

Expert editor: Sokolova Nina Vladimirovna| Phytotherapeutist

Education: A diploma in the specialty "Medicine" and "Therapy" received at the University named after N. I. Pirogov (2005 and 2006). Advanced training at the Department of Phytotherapy at the Moscow University of Peoples' Friendship (2008).

Spring primrose (spring primrose, real or medicinal primrose) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Primrose family, widely used both in folk and scientific medicine. It is popularly known by such names as rams, white letter, lambs, golden keys, heavenly keys, ears, God's hands, flowers of St. Peter.

Chemical composition

For medicinal purposes, the leaves, flowers, roots and rhizomes of the plant are used. The following biologically active substances were found in them:

Essential oils;
Saponins;
Triterpene glycosides (primverin and primulaverin);
Carotene;
Vitamin C.

Beneficial features

Most beneficial features spring primrose:

expectorant;
Vitamin;
emollient;
Diuretic;
diaphoretic;
Anti-inflammatory;
Soothing.

Indications for use

Based on the flowers of the spring primrose, an alcohol tincture is made, which is taken with overexcitation and insomnia.

A decoction of the roots and rhizomes is an effective expectorant. Preparations from the plant enhance the activity of the ciliated epithelium and the secretory activity of the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs, have a slight antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect, and accelerate the excretion of secretions from the respiratory tract. Due to these properties, primrose is prescribed for inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi, such as chronic bronchitis and tracheitis, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, bronchopneumonia, laryngitis, pharyngitis, etc.

Infusions and decoctions are used for coughs, colds, insomnia, neuralgia, migraines and migraine headaches, rheumatism and gout, kidney disease and heart failure, scurvy, anemia.

Locally, a decoction is used for rinsing with bronchitis, inflammation of the larynx and throat.

The pharmaceutical industry, based on the spring primrose, produces the homeopathic remedy "Primula", intended for the treatment of cough, catarrhal gastritis, and insomnia.

Contraindications

Spring primrose is an allergenic plant, therefore, when using it, one should focus on individual tolerance.

Primrose can provoke a miscarriage, so preparations based on it should not be taken by pregnant women.

Homemade remedies from spring primrose

Remedy for dry cough and chronic bronchitis: 2-3 tbsp. pour dry crushed roots into a thermos, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 6 hours. Take ½ cup 2-3 times a day;
Expectorant for bronchitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract: 10-15 g of crushed roots and / or leaves, pour 200 ml of boiling water, boil for 30 minutes in a water bath, cool for 15 minutes at room temperature and strain. Take 1 tbsp. 3-4 times a day;
A remedy used for hypo- and avitaminosis C, as well as for anemia: 1 tbsp. powdered leaves, pour 100 ml of boiling water, insist and strain for 30 minutes, add a pinch (at the tip of a knife) of table salt. Take in small sips throughout the day;
Tea for headaches, migraines, cerebrovascular disorders, also used for heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic pain in the joints: ½ cup of loose corollas of flowers pour 200 ml of boiling water. Consume like regular tea;
Infusion from rhinitis: 40-60 g of rhizomes, roots and / or grass (you can take a mixture of all parts of the plant) pour into a thermos, pour 1 liter of boiling water, insist for 6-8 hours. Rinse the nostrils with this infusion. In parallel, it is recommended to drink tea from spring primrose flowers (20 flowers per 1 liter of boiling water).

Spring primrose (medicinal), primrose - properties, uses, recipes

Other names: primrose officinalis, primrose officinalis, primrose large-calyx, rams, lambs, God's hands, golden keys, jaundice, copperhead, lat. Primula veris L. and others.

Even the ancient Greeks knew this plant and considered it medicinal flower Olympus. They called the spring primrose "dodecatheon", that is, the flower of 12 Gods.

Primrose grows in the forest and forest-steppe zones of Ukraine, Russia and other countries, between shrubs, in forest meadows, edges, etc. This is a perennial herbaceous plant of the primrose family, with a juicy short rhizome and many thin long roots. The stem of the primrose is leafless, the leaves are collected in a basal rosette, ovoid, tapering into a winged petiole.

From the rhizome of the plant grows one or more stems with flowers collected in umbrellas and drooping in one direction. The flowers of the spring primrose are fragrant, golden yellow, with a tubular corolla (calyx).

Primrose (primrose) blooms, starting in April and ending in May-June. Traditional medicine uses leaves, flowers and rhizomes of primrose in treatment. The leaves and flowers of the plant are harvested at the beginning of flowering.

primrose roots dug in spring or late autumn, washed in running water and dried. First, they are dried in the open air, and then dried in dryers at a low temperature, 40-50 degrees C, or in the attic, spreading a thin layer on paper. The shelf life of the roots is 2 years.

The leaves are used as a vitamin preparation for the preparation of vitamin C concentrates, which are used in the treatment of hypo- and beriberi. Powder from crushed leaves of primrose is taken with a lack of vitamins in the body, lethargy, lack of appetite, gum disease.

spring primrose belongs to valuable vitamin plants, its leaves contain up to 500 mg of vitamin C, as well as carotene, flavonoids, anthocyanins and other useful and medicinal substances.

Young leaves are added to soup, borscht, salads. In some European countries, primrose is cultivated as a salad crop. The leaves have a pleasant spicy smell and a sweetish taste. In folk medicine, a decoction of primrose leaves, in the form of lotions and compresses, is used for bruises, and flowers are used as a diaphoretic and strengthens the nervous system, and not only.

A decoction of primrose leaves : Pour 15 g of dry leaves with 1 glass of water, boil for 15 minutes, leave to cool. Or, 1 teaspoon of powdered leaves is poured into 1/2 cup of boiling water and infused for 20-30 minutes in a closed container. Taken as an expectorant, diaphoretic and diuretic.

A decoction of spring primrose roots is used for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, or as an analgesic (for joint pain), headaches, chronic constipation, and many diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys.

Decoction of primrose roots: 1 full art. Pour a spoonful of crushed roots with 250 ml of water and boil for 10 minutes, then leave to cool and strain. Drink 1 tablespoon, 4-5 times a day for respiratory diseases, etc.
There is another recipe: pour 20 g of crushed primrose roots into 400 ml. water, boil for 10 minutes, leave for 20-25 minutes, strain. Use 0.5 cup 3-4 times a day for the above diseases.

A dry extract is made from the roots of primrose, in the form of tablets - primulene, which is used for dry coughs as an expectorant. Primrose rhizome syrup is also a good expectorant, it is used for coughs or severe coughs.

Folk medicine uses primrose flowers as a diaphoretic for colds, migraines, dizziness, insomnia, fever, heart disease and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Primrose is also used for neurosis and insomnia, in the form of an infusion: pour 10 g of dried flowers with 1 cup of boiling water, insist for 15 minutes, drink the entire infusion in several doses, during the day.

Useful and primrose juice spring. It is prepared as follows: cut off the ground part of the plant before flowering, chop it and put it in a glass jar or enamel pan, in layers, sprinkling with sugar. Put the dishes in a cool dark place and let it brew until the juice is plentiful. Then drain the juice, squeeze out the remains and store in a dark place.

Primrose juice can be taken as a medicinal and vitamin preparation, for adults and children (children - 1 teaspoon, adults - 1 tablespoon) half an hour before meals. It is useful to drink primrose juice and as a preventive measure, as a therapeutic and vitamin remedy.
In dermatology, primrose preparations are prescribed orally for baldness, psoriasis, and lichen planus. Outwardly, in the form of a decoction, primrose is added to bath water.

Infusion of primrose flowers: Pour 1 teaspoon of flowers with 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 6-7 minutes. Drink 0.5-1 glass instead of tea as a prophylactic and remedy. It acts as a sleeping pill on children.

Tea from primrose flowers, along with hawthorn flowers, is recommended to be taken with frequent heartbeats. And if there are calendula flowers in this pair, then this good remedy with insomnia and neuroses.

For skin rashes, boils and other skin diseases, as a good blood cleanser, take inside an infusion of nettle and primrose leaves taken equally.

Spring primrose, contraindications. Preparations, infusions, decoctions, primrose juice in some people can cause an allergic skin reaction. Therefore, when an inflammatory itchy rash appears, the use of drugs must be stopped.
It is not recommended to take primrose, in any form, during pregnancy, as it stimulates uterine contractions, as well as with individual intolerance.

Spring primrose is a perennial herbaceous plant 15-30 cm tall with a rosette of basal leaves and a short oblique or vertically located rhizome, from which whitish cord-like roots extend. The leaves are ovate or ovate-oblong, wrinkled, narrowed into a pterygoid petiole, obtuse at the apex, slightly crenate along the edges, with veins depressed from above and protruding from below, shortly pubescent, increasing after flowering. The flowers are bright yellow, with a honey smell, collected at the top of a long flower arrow, 5-13 in an umbellate inflorescence, drooping in one direction; calyx bell-swollen, with sharply protruding 5 ribs, covering the corolla tube almost to the fold, swollen after flowering; corolla tubular, with a slight bend and a long tube, with an orange spot at the base of the petals, with 5 concave lobes. The fruit is a brown ovoid multi-seeded box enclosed in an overgrown calyx.
Blooms in May - early June.
It grows in forests, on dry edges, on hillsides, in thickets of shrubs, along river banks, in oak forests, in dry meadows.
Distributed in the south of the forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part.
Preparations are possible in small quantities.

The use of primrose in medicine

In medicine, primrose leaves are used - Folium Primulae and rhizomes with roots called Radix Primulae.
The leaves are harvested during the flowering period of the plant and quickly dried in the shade. The raw material consists of leaves of the described structure. They are solid or partially broken. Color greyish green; the smell is weak, peculiar, slightly honey; the taste is first sweet, then bitter, slightly burning. In the finished raw material, moisture is allowed no more than 13%; ash content not more than 12; ascorbic acid not less than 2; no more than 2 yellowed and browned leaves on both sides; crushed leaves passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 1 mm, no more than 3; flower arrows no more than 8; organic and mineral impurities not more than 0.5%.
The leaves contain up to 5.9% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotene, saponins. They are used in medicine as a vitamin raw material, valuable because it can be prepared in early spring, in the form of infusions, when there are no other sources of vitamin C and the need for it is great. It is recommended for hypovitaminosis, anemia, with general weakness.
Rhizomes with roots are harvested in autumn. They are dug up, washed, cleaned of the remnants of leaves and stems, slightly dried in the air and dried in the open air or in ventilated areas. The raw material consists of short and small brown rhizomes; at the break they are light, with numerous thin adventitious roots of a light brown color extending from them, about 5 cm long, 0.1 cm thick.
Rhizomes contain up to 10% saponins, glycosides primulaverin and primverin. They are used as a diaphoretic, antipyretic and expectorant, especially for bronchitis, in the form of infusions or the preparation "Primulina" (dry extract from the roots). Primrose preparations have low toxicity and are superior to senega in their activity.
Rp.: Infusi radicis Primulae ex 4.0-200.0
D.S.: 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day

The use of primrose in folk medicine

Cuckoo's Tear Primrose
As soon as the cuckoo cuckooed, the primrose blooms, which is popularly called cuckoo's tears. Collect its flowers with cups. This medicinal plant contains saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, essential oils, vitamins. It contributes to the separation of phlegm and normalization of blood pressure, heals a tired heart and is part of chest teas for colds.
Primula is a favorite plant of many peoples of the world.
Spring primrose, rich in triterpene saponins, glycosides, flavanoids, ascorbic acid, manganese, carotene, trace elements of the hematopoietic complex, has been used since ancient times for:
emphysema
persistent cough
chronic and acute bronchitis
kidney and urinary diseases
bladder (very effective with red root and golden spine)
general breakdown (with a red brush or orchis)
bronchial asthma (with lungwort and sophora)
chronic constipation
lack of vitamins in the body
anemia
neuralgia
neuroses
migraine
edema
lack of appetite
loosening gums
increased nervous excitability (excellent results with shiksha)
dizzy

In folk medicine, a decoction of primrose flowers is drunk for heart disease, cough and chest pain. In folk medicine, grass, leaves, flowers, roots are used. Due to the rich chemical composition, spring primrose is used for various diseases. Its infusion (1 tablespoon per 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes, strain) is used as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, diuretic. Young leaves are added to salads for beriberi, and also to make up for the lack of vitamins C and A (it is enough to eat up to 2 leaves per day).

The plant is mixed 1:1 with honey and consumed when infused for 7 days with inflammation of the heart muscle, rheumatic heart disease, cardiac neurosis. And us that flowers are successfully used in home cosmetics. They wipe oily skin with clogged pores and rinse oily hair. To prepare the potion, you need to fill the container to the top with dry flowers, completely pour boiling water and insist overnight.

Healthy Primrose Recipes
2 tablespoons crushed raw materials pour 2 cups boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain. The prepared medicinal liquid is
daily dose to be taken in sips.
To improve vision
2 tbsp Pour primroses into a thermos, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 1.5 hours. Drink 1/2 part of a glass 3 times a day, and also bury your eyes 2 drops at night. To improve the result, try adding 1 tbsp to the primrose. eyebright. The course of treatment is 2 months. Break - 2 weeks. As a rule, it is necessary to repeat the procedure 3-4 times.
To increase potency
In 0.5-0.7 liters of wine, add 2 tbsp. dry primrose, insist a month, strain. To prepare homemade "cognac" you will need 25 g of red root and 1 tbsp. primrose and 0.5 l of vodka, insist 2 weeks.

For skin rejuvenation

Recipe one
Face lotion is prepared from a plant and vodka in a ratio of 1:5.
Recipe two
I also have one old recipe for skin rejuvenation and regeneration, which has amazing power: it eliminates wrinkles, wrinkles, age spots, acne, redness, irritation. To prepare it, you will need 5 tbsp. chopped primrose, 2 tbsp. elecampane, 2 tbsp. comfrey roots and 0.5 liters of vodka. Pour the herbal mixture with vodka, insist for a month. In the morning and in the evening, wipe the previously cleansed skin.
Recipe three
5 tbsp chopped primrose, 2 tbsp. elecampane, 2 tbsp. put comfrey roots in a saucepan and pour 0.7 l of Aligoté wine (white, dry; another brand can be used), simmer for 15-20 minutes. Cool, strain and pour into a bottle. Store on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. In the morning and evening, gently wipe the skin with the product. “... Our townswomen are quite well aware that the ointment or water distilled from the primrose helps to preserve beauty ...” Nicholas Culpeper once said back in 1653.

Family Primulaceae - Primulaceae

The generic name comes from the Latin prima - the first, as the plant blooms in early spring. The specific definition is derived from the Latin ver - spring for the same reason.

Botanical description. Perennial herbaceous plant with upright or obliquely growing rhizome. The stem is round, erect, juicy and is a flower arrow 15-30 cm high. Only the lower part of it with short internodes bears a basal rosette of leaves. The leaves are ovate or oblong-ovate with a blunt apex and a slightly crenate margin, narrowed towards the base into a winged petiole, shortly pubescent. Before flowering, when it is still cool, the edges of the leaves are bent inward, and the young leaves at this time are almost folded into a tube. Flowers (5-13) are bright yellow, drooping to one side at the top of the flower arrow in an umbellate inflorescence that looks like a curl. The calyx is bell-shaped, five incised. The corolla is tubular, with a small bend of five lobes and a long tube. At the base of the limb of each petal there is an orange speck. At the entrance to the corolla tube there are 5 scales. There are five stamens, one pistil with an upper one-celled ovary. Stamens and columns of pistils in different flowers are at different levels. In some, the stigma of the pistil rises above the anthers, since the filaments are short, in others, on the contrary, the stamens are high and the pistil is low. This phenomenon is called heterostyle (heterostyle) and is the result of the plant's adaptation to cross-pollination.

The fruit is a multi-seeded, ovoid capsule, surrounded by the remaining calyx, opening at the top with 10 small teeth. In damp weather, the cloves curl inward and the box closes.

Blooms from mid-April to July. The fruits ripen in June - July.

A close species is also used - large-cup primrose - Primula macrocalyx Bunge, in which the calyx is expanded.

Geographic distribution. Spring primrose grows in broad-leaved and mixed forests, in birch forests, in forest glades and along the edge of pine forests, among shrubs.

It occurs in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part of the USSR. To the east, in the Volga region, it is replaced by large-cup primrose, which thins out and disappears beyond the Urals, but reappears in the Tomsk region, in Altai and in the Sayans. The second species grows in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, and both species grow in the foothills of the Crimea.

Collection and drying. Mass harvesting of primrose cannot be carried out, since the plant is becoming rare and included in the Red Book, and its culture has not yet been mastered. Therefore, raw materials are harvested in small quantities for local needs. If necessary, primrose can be introduced into the culture. Sow seeds for the winter, and the plantation can be operated for many years.

To collect primrose leaves from wild plants, the collector must have a license, without which collection is prohibited.

Collect leaves at the beginning of flowering plants, tearing them off with your hands. At the same time, half of the leaves on each plant are left so as not to damage flowering and fruiting. The leaves are dried quickly in attics, but it is better in ovens or dryers at a temperature of 90-100 °. In the latter case, they retain more vitamin C (ascorbic acid).

Previously, primrose rhizomes containing saponins were also harvested, but now their collection and use have been discontinued, since there are other saponin-bearing plants that have an expectorant effect.

Medicinal raw materials. The finished raw material - a primrose leaf (Folium Primulae) consists of whole and partially broken leaves of the structure described above. The leaves are wrinkled on both sides, wavy along the edge, city-chat or finely serrated. The petiole is usually 1.5 times longer than the lamina, which varies from 3.5 to 10 cm.

Has a slight honey scent. The taste is sweet at first, then bitter, slightly burning.

GOST 3166-76 allows: moisture not more than 13%; ash no more than 12%; yellowed and browned leaves no more than 2%; crushed parts passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 1 mm, not more than 3%; flowers no more than 8%; organic and mineral

impurities not more than 0.5%; ascorbic acid not less than 2.3%.

Inexperienced collectors, along with the leaves of the primrose, can also collect the leaf of the initial drug - Betoni-ca officinalis L. This labial plant during its flowering is completely different from the primrose. Her stem is tetrahedral, the leaves are opposite crosswise, the flowers are two-lipped, light purple. But during the flowering of the primrose, the initial letter does not bloom yet. The leaves that appeared at this time have, like the primrose, the edge of the leaf wrapped inside and are very similar to it. This organic admixture can be distinguished in raw materials by the following features: the base of the leaf at the initial cap has a heart-shaped notch, the edge is large-horned, and the petioles are unwinged.

Chemical composition. A primrose leaf (dry) contains up to 5.9% vitamin C. The raw material is also valuable because it can be harvested in early spring, when there are no other sources of vitamin C and when the need for it is especially great. In addition, it contains up to 2% saponins, flavonoids, up to 3 mg% carotene, etc.

Primula officinalis L.- Primrose officinalis. Russian names: Primrose officinalis, rams, initial letter, primrose officinalis; Ukrainian: Pervotsvit lIkarsky, rams.

Family: Primulaceae - primroses.

A perennial herbaceous plant 15-20 cm high, of the primrose family, appears in early spring, as soon as the snow melts. The rhizome is oblique, unbranched, short, seated with whitish, cord-like roots. Leaves basal, ovate. The flower arrow is one (or several), carries an inflorescence - a simple one-sided umbrella. The flowers are large, bright yellow with an orange spot at the base of the corolla lobes. The fruit is a multi-seeded ovoid brown box. Seeds spherical, 1-1.5 mm long. Blooms in April-May. Ripens in June-July. It cracks only in favorable weather, in bad weather the boxes are closed.

grows in in large numbers in deciduous mixed forests of the middle and forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia.

Collect. WITH therapeutic purpose harvest grass, leaves, flowers, roots, rhizomes of primrose officinalis. The aerial part of the plant is harvested during flowering, dried immediately in the sun or in a dryer, oven, oven at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. With slow drying, the amount of vitamin C is significantly reduced.
The presence of vitamin A in the leaves of primrose makes it possible to use them in case of deficiency of this vitamin.
Dried leaves are greyish-green, with a honey smell, the taste is sweetish at first, then burning-bitter.
Flowers are harvested without cups in April-May, dried in the air. Dried flowers - blossoming yellow corollas of a faint smell, sweetish taste.
Rhizomes with roots are dug up in the fall, after the aerial parts of the plant wither, or in early spring before flowering. They are shaken off the ground, the stems are cut off, washed in cold water, lightly dried in the air and dried in dryers, ovens, ovens at a temperature of 50-60 ° C. Dried rhizomes are reddish-brown, in scales. Roots whitish, 3-10 cm long, bitter, astringent taste, slight odor. Store in multi-layered paper or canvas bags, on racks in well-ventilated areas. The shelf life of leaves and flowers is 1 year, rhizomes and roots - 3 years.

Consumption. Primrose preparations have a diuretic, diaphoretic, tonic, vitamin, expectorant effect, improve the function of the adrenal glands, and secrete gastric juice.
Infusions and tinctures of primrose when taken orally enhance the secretion of bronchial glands, low toxicity. Primrose leaves by mid-June contain up to 6% ascorbic acid; quickly dried leaves retain vitamin C almost completely.
An infusion is prepared from dry primrose leaves during the flowering period of the plant: pour 1 teaspoon of the crushed plant with a glass of boiling water, leave for half an hour and drink half a glass 2 times a day. The infusion is prepared in an enamel bowl. On the second day, the content of vitamin C in the infusion decreases.
Infusion of primrose roots: insist 5 g of roots in 200 ml of boiling water for 2 hours, strain. Drink 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for constipation, insomnia, general weakness, poor appetite, cough, dizziness, kidney disease and Bladder as a diuretic.
Infusions of primrose leaves: 5-10 g of leaf powder to infuse in 200 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day with poor appetite, general weakness, cough, hypovitaminosis, scurvy, pneumonia.
Primrose leaves in an earlier period, at the beginning of flowering, are used to make salads. Two leaves of primrose are enough to satisfy the daily requirement of the body for vitamin C.
Infusion of primrose flowers: 25 g of primrose flowers to infuse in 200 ml of boiling water for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100-200 ml 1-3 times a day for migraine, dizziness, chronic constipation.
A decoction of primrose herb: boil 20 g of chopped herb in 200 ml of water for 20 minutes, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough as an expectorant.
A decoction of primrose roots: boil 20 g of primrose roots in 400 ml of water for 15 minutes, leave for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 100 ml 3-4 times a day for respiratory diseases, rheumatism, gout, diseases of the kidneys, bladder.
Drink from primrose flowers: rinse the flowers, pour cold water, stand at room temperature until fermentation begins, add honey or sugar. Store in a dark cool place. 250 g of primrose flowers, 1 liter of water, honey, sugar to taste.
Primrose tea. Mix dried leaves or roots of primrose and St. John's wort in equal amounts, chop. Brew like tea. Drink with sugar, honey, jam, xylitol, sweets.
Grind dried primrose roots and rhizomes into powder and use for seasoning soups, borscht, meat, fish, vegetable dishes, snacks, drinks.

Napar, sometimes a decoction of 30.0-40.0 g. Roots per 1 liter. Water is taken as an expectorant half a cup 2-3 times a day for dry cough and bronchitis.
Napar flowers 20.0 g. Per 1 liter. Water or a whole plant 40.0-60.0 g. Per 1 liter. Waters are taken for coughs, bronchitis, runny nose and in general for all types of colds associated with ailments of the throat and lungs, as well as for washing the nostrils. The same steam is drunk for chronic constipation, migraine and as a diuretic. For children, this napar has a slightly hypnotic effect. I noticed that with migraine, the irritating sensitivity to light stops and the headache gradually disappears from taking such a vapor. In the absence of rose hips, I personally used the primrose plant, including it in mixtures in cases where it was required to give the patient vitamin "c".

One of the first spring plants to which everyone treats with love and tenderness. Children pull a flower out of the brush and suck out the sweet juice, adults pluck young leaves for lettuce - it tastes not much inferior to garden salad, but nutritional value far surpasses it. No plant contains as much ascorbic acid in its leaves as primrose.
Herbalists harvest primrose for medicinal purposes. In chronic bronchitis, this is one of the most gentle and sure remedies. Everything is used in primrose: leaves, flowers, roots. An infusion or decoction of the roots is an effective expectorant. If once imported senega was considered the best in this respect, then it turned out that the primrose is five times stronger than senega in these qualities. Therefore, it often finds application in pneumonia, bronchial asthma.
An infusion of flowers is good for migraines, dizziness, inflammation of the bladder and as a mild laxative. By the way, an infusion of flowers is considered useful for paralysis.
In the people, a “love drink” is prepared from primrose leaves. The leaves are quickly dried in the oven, ground into a powder and cleaned in a tightly closed container, preferably in a bottle with a ground lid. On long winter evenings, they drink tea, brewing half a teaspoon of powder in a glass of boiling water, insist, wrapping it up, for 20-30 minutes and add 1-2 grains of salt. It is believed that this tea helps to maintain family happiness, unshakable love and peace in the house. The powder is well stored - even after a year, the useful substances contained in it do not lose their activity.
I noticed a long time ago that in many folk recipes according to the use of primrose, migraine is mentioned. Then he introduced it into his practice and really got good results (when using several other herbs at the same time). However, the primrose itself is able to cope with this disease.
MIGRAINE, LONG-TERM HEADACHES. Loosely fill a glass jar with fresh primrose flowers and pour dry grape wine. Insist 3 weeks. After straining, take 50 ml 3 times a day before meals - as an excellent medicine.
MIGRAINE, VERTIGO. Pour a full tablespoon of crushed dry flowers with a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes and drink in warm form like tea. Or brew a little more and take half a glass 3 times a day.
MIGRAINE, NEUROSIS, INSOMNIA. Brew 2-3 tablespoons of chopped dry grass in 0.5 liters of boiling water, preferably in a thermos - this is the daily dose.
KIDNEY AND BLADDER DISEASES. An incomplete teaspoon of roots (without a high slide) pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day. It is also useful for general weakness, poor appetite, insomnia, constipation and as a diuretic.
PNEUMONIA, BRONCHITIS. Pour a glass of raw water 1 tablespoon of crushed roots, bring to a boil and boil over low heat for 3-4 minutes, then leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
HEART DISEASE, PARALYSIS, KIDNEY DISEASE, COLD. Pour 3 teaspoons of dried crushed flowers with a glass of boiling water, leave for 1 hour, strain. Take half a glass in a warm form slowly, in sips, 3 times a day, regardless of food.

* * *

Harmless doesn't mean out of control. Try drinking a decoction of the roots not with tablespoons, but with half a glass at once or the whole thing - at best you will feel discomfort, but most likely it will cause nausea and vomiting. This is not poisoning, but indigestion is provided to you with all the inherent signs. Primrose can cause allergic reaction. Should not be taken with anticoagulants. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it stimulates uterine contractions.

Storage. Flowers and leaves and separately roots are stored in boxes lined with paper inside.

Forest or evening primroses, they are also called rams - spring flowers common in our latitudes. Evening primrose is a medicinal plant used for its medicinal properties as a whole. The use of primrose in folk medicine is due to the benefits of its decoctions, infusions and infusions, as well as tea based on it.

Evening primrose - application and description of the plant

Forest primroses (Lambs) are one of our first flowers that bloom in May. Tall bare flower stalks emerge from a rosette of shriveled oblong leaves, carrying drooping clusters of yellow flowers.

Each primrose flower has 5 lobes - yellow, with an orange spot at the base of the limb. The tubules are long, rough to the touch, like the whole plant. The growth of wild primroses is 15-30 cm (peduncle), and the leaves only slightly rise above the ground.

Useful and medicinal properties forest primroses are huge. It is not for nothing that primrose flowers have long been popular with supporters. traditional medicine. The swaying heads of the merry evening primroses adorn light birch groves, shady in summer, but open to the sun in spring, forest clearings, edges and outskirts of meadows. Many bees and bumblebees visit the delicious canteens on a sunny day - do not rush to pick a flower, there is probably a winged visitor sitting there.

Evening Primrose - medicinal properties and contraindications

The use of primrose roots is used to prepare expectorant mixtures (Primulin), tea from flowers and roots is an excellent diaphoretic and anti-inflammatory agent. And the whole plant is a natural vitamin complex. Most of the vitamin C (up to 1000 mg%) and carotene are found in the leaves, which have long been used in cooking recipes for spring beriberi, loss of strength and simply as a seasoning for the table.

The use of primrose leaves in salads is traditional for England, and in our villages borscht was prepared from the first green leaves, and flowers were brewed instead of tea.

When harvesting evening primrose, it should be taken into account that the plant reproduces by seeds, and leave the strongest flower stalks for ripening. Also, you can not dig up all the primrose plants in a row - it is better to pick 3-4 leaves from each plant. The little primrose herb and its medicinal properties heal us, so give it a chance to survive on this planet.

Contraindications to the use of evening primrose

The use of evening primrose - recipes

primrose leaf salad recipe

Tender primrose leaves are washed, cut and added to any green and vegetable salads. They will give a piquant taste to the traditional Russian version of Olivier.

Soup recipe "Spring sun" from primrose

Healthy Recipe from primrose: boil diced potatoes, season the broth with sautéed onions, Extra hercules groats and add chopped primrose and goutweed leaves. Boil for 3 minutes and spoon out the egg yolks, separated from the whites, according to the number of servings. Put out the fire (do not interfere!) And leave for 10 minutes under the lid. Serve hot with sour cream. For 3 potatoes - 1 onion, a bowl of greens, 2 tbsp. l. cereals, 1.5 liters of water.

Primrose leaf omelet recipe

Preparing a forest primrose omelette recipe: sauté chopped leaves in a pan in a small amount olive oil. Remove the lid and pour them with the egg-milk mixture. Cover and fry over very low heat for 20 minutes. Eggs are beaten with milk, sour cream, salt and flour are added - so that lumps do not form. For 3 eggs - 0.5 cups of milk, 2 tbsp. l. sour cream, 2 tbsp. l. flour, salt and a cup of chopped primrose leaves.

Primrose leaf tea recipe

Preparing a recipe medicinal tea with primrose: put fresh or dry flowers in a cup and pour boiling water over it. Infuse for 10 minutes under a warm blanket and drink with honey or jam. On a cup - 3-4 inflorescences. The healing properties of spring primrose in this tea are colossal.

Recipe for tea with dry primrose leaves for bronchitis

Preparing a recipe healthy tea with primrose: pour boiling water over the roots of the plant and boil under the lid for 15 minutes at a very low boil. You can pour raw materials into a thermos and insist 3 hours. Drink 2-3 tbsp. l. 5-6 times a day, often with honey when coughing. The unique healing properties of evening primrose allow the use of this tea in children's practice.

Healing properties of evening primrose: video