The end of the heating season according to the law. When does the heating season start and end? Disadvantages of central heating

At the end of the heating season, there are always a lot of questions. Today we will try to understand and answer everything that is really important.

Houses with central heating: when to wait for the end of the heating season?
Can the heating be turned off later or earlier than the specified time?
What should be done first after turning off the heating and how to prepare for the next season?

What the law requires in 2019

There are a number of laws that are worth noting first. If your house has already installed its own autonomous heating system, then the start and end dates for heating the living space are set directly by the owner of the premises, that is, you. The disadvantage of this type of heating is that you have to pay for electricity. To bask or save - it's up to you.

If a central heating system is installed in your house, then you cannot change the date of turning off the heating in any way. The duration of the season in 2019 will depend only on external factors, that is, on the average daily temperature. Heating is usually started when +8 degrees and below can be seen on the thermometer for five days. The end of the heating season depends on the same indicators - +8 degrees and above.

In 2019, a decision was already issued to turn off heating in the following numbers:

Moscow - April 27;
Yaroslavl - April 28;
Tver - April 30;
Tula - April 29;
Novokuznetsk - May 4;
Moscow region - April 26.

What is really happening and who solves the problems

Of course, no one canceled the order in 2019, but in reality it is much more difficult to find out the specific numbers to complete the heating of the batteries. There are many reasons for this, here are some of the most obvious:

CHP and heating mains are a very difficult thing. To start heating, all indicators must be brought to a certain mode established by specialists, to create the correct difference between the necessary pipelines. In the summer it is not there, if there is, it is minimal. In winter, in the heating mains, a pressure of 6-7 kgf / cm 2 was registered with a supply of 3-4 kgf / cm 2 to the reverse. Good heating of the coolant and, of course, the creation of the differential itself is impossible without certain energy resources. In addition, this process takes a lot of time. Thousands of cubic meters pass in the tracks of a small city. Therefore, it is impossible to prepare for the launch within an hour of the weatherman's forecast;
the end of the 2019 heating season, as well as the beginning of a new one, must be accompanied by special service organizations, as the order says. Both events are associated with a sharp increase in accidents. For this reason, the personnel work plan must be planned and prepared in advance.

When starting heating in previous years, flooding of apartments often occurs, as flushing taps can be opened, and in some cases, the connections of already dismantled radiators.
Many try to replace heating appliances personally, which means that leaks in threaded, welded and fitting joints are inevitable. Unfortunately, many "masters" are simply unfamiliar with the process of crimping.
As soon as the official notice about the start of heating has been received, a sharp wave of complaints from residents about cold heating appliances begins. The reasons for this may be different: it is possible that an apartment without tenants is empty on the floor above, or someone, perhaps, simply does not know how to use the tap.
The end of the heating season is always and massively accompanied by leaks between the sections of cast-iron heating radiators, this can be especially often seen in old buildings, for example, in schools, gardens, hospitals. As the sections cool down, they shrink slightly in size. There are also those who have completely lost their elasticity, and this leads to an inability to retain water.

In Moscow, heating is turned on by order of the City Government if the average daily temperature is below 8 ° C for 5 days and, according to the weather forecast, its further decrease is expected. Heating is turned off according to the same principle - if the average daily temperature remains above 8 ° C for 5 days and, according to the weather forecast, it is expected to further increase.

Work on turning on and adjusting the heating usually lasts several days. First, batteries are turned on at social facilities (kindergartens, schools, hospitals, clinics), then at residential buildings, then at industrial enterprises. They turn off the heating in the reverse order - first at industrial enterprises, then in residential buildings, then in social institutions.

In hospitals, clinics, schools and other social infrastructure facilities, if necessary, heating can be provided even before the start of the heating season.

2. How long can the heating be turned off during the cold season?

During the month, heating in a residential area in total can be switched off for no more than 24 hours. No more than:

for 16 hours if the room temperature remains above 12°C;
for 8 hours if the room temperature is from 10°С to 12°С;
for 4 hours if the room temperature is between 8°C and 10°C.

For each extra hour, the payment for heating in the billing period when the shutdown occurred is reduced by 0.15%.

In kindergartens, schools and hospitals it is forbidden to turn off the heating until the end of the heating season.

3. What temperature should be in the room during the heating season?

During the heating season, the temperature should be:

in living quarters - not lower than 18°С (in corner rooms - 20°С);
in kindergarten: in the playroom of the nursery - 22 ° C-24 ° C, in game rooms other groups - 21°С-23°С, in bedrooms - 19°С-20°С;
at school: in all main rooms - 18°С-24°С, in the gym and workshops - 17°С-20°С;
in the workplace - depending on the type of load optimum temperature can range from 16°С-18°С (work requiring great physical effort) to 22°С-24°С (for example, work at precision instrument and machine building enterprises). The temperature in the office during the heating season should be 21°C-23°C.

5. How to measure the temperature in a residential area?

To measure the temperature correctly, proceed as follows:

Before measuring the temperature, close all windows and doors in the room.
Measure the temperature in the center of the largest room in the apartment - at the intersection of the diagonals drawn from the corners.
Hold the thermometer one meter above the floor.
Make sure that the nearest heater and outer wall not less than 0.5 meters.

When does it end heating season in houses with central heating? Can any factors move the end of the season to an earlier or later date? What activities accompany the end of the heating season and preparation for the next one? Let's try to answer these questions.

About dates

So, what is the beginning and end of the heating operation tied to?

Legal Requirements

The answers can be found in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 “Rules for the provision of public services to citizens”.

If there is an autonomous heating system in the house, the deadlines for the end and start of the heating season are set by the owners of the premises.

To clarify: at the same time, they pay for the actual consumption of energy or electricity.
Simply put, apartment owners are faced with a choice: either bask and pay for it, or save at the cost of some discomfort.

For DH systems, the length of the season is linked to the average daily temperature. Heating is started when the average daily temperature for five days is +8 degrees and below; the order to end the heating season is given when the air warms up to the same +8 during a five-day period.

The main criterion is outdoor temperature. After it reaches +8, the heating is turned off.

Meanwhile in the real world

Resolutions are resolutions, but in reality it is much more convenient to deal with specific dates known in advance. There are quite a few reasons for this.

Let's take a look at the most obvious ones.

CHP and heating mains to start heating must be brought to a certain mode; in fairness, it is necessary to create a difference between the return and supply pipelines. In summer it is absent or minimal; in winter, in the heating mains, pressure is maintained in the region of 6-7 kgf / cm2 at the supply and 3-4 kgf / cm2 at the return.
Creating a differential and, most importantly, heating the coolant requires certain energy resources and takes a lot of time: the volume of water in the routes of an average city is thousands of cubic meters. It is simply unrealistic to prepare for launch within half an hour after the forecasters report.
Depending on when the end of the heating season and when the new one begins, the order of work of the personnel of service organizations is planned.
Both events are accompanied by a sharp increase in accidents.
What exactly is failing?

For the moment of launch, flooding of apartments through open flushing taps and unplugged piping of dismantled radiators is typical.

Replacing heaters with your own hands means the inevitable and numerous leaks of threaded, fitting and welded joints. Alas, for most people the word “pressure” is simply unfamiliar.
Finally, from the moment the residents are officially notified about the start of heating, complaints about cold heaters begin. Somewhere there are no residents of the upper floors, in whose apartments Mayevsky's taps are located; Some people just don't know how to use them.
The end of the heating season is accompanied by a massive onset of leaks between. Cooling down, the sections slightly reduce their linear dimensions; completely lost elasticity for many years of work, paronite gaskets are unable to retain water.

Since there is a significant amount of work for locksmiths, and at the same time foremen and site engineers who have to draw up acts for each incident, it would be quite logical to form a vacation schedule in such a way that all employees are in place by the key dates. You must admit that it is difficult to do this without knowing in advance how long the heating season will last.

That is why in practice the picture is somewhat different from that prescribed by law.

The order to end the heating season and to start heating is given every year on the same day. So, in the Khabarovsk Territory, where the author happened to work, the heating was started from October 1 to October 5; The decision to end the season was received from the management of KTS (Communal Heating Networks) on May 15th.
In case of serious temperature deviations from the usual for this season, the dates may shift by a week or more. As a rule, notifications about what date the season should start or end come from weather forecasters a few days before the expected date.

Events

Heating off

What happens after a decision is received from a higher organization on the end of the heating season by the residents?

Temperature Tests

In the spring, when the heating season ends (or shortly before its completion), the batteries in the apartments heat up especially strongly. Since it is quite warm on the streets at this time, the heat, of course, causes strong and quite unambiguous feelings among homeowners.

Contrary to popular belief, this is not stupidity or wastefulness. In early May, heating systems are tested for temperature. Thus, in heating mains and house systems, all potential problems associated with burnout of organic seals and thermal expansion of pipeline elements are identified.

The essence of the tests is simple and clear: at a constant pressure, the supply temperature rises to a maximum of 130-150 degrees.

The rules for preparing for temperature tests are not difficult: DHW is turned off completely; heating is operating normally.

Density Tests

Some time after the date when the heating season ends, another test is carried out - for density. Only heating mains are tested; the pressure in them rises from the standard 6-7 to 10-12 kgf / cm2 on both threads. At the same time, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to street temperature.

Why is it necessary? So that at a time when the repair of the route will not lead to defrosting of houses and entrances, to identify all the weak points of pipelines and organize their timely repair.

Here is a density test guide for housing service workers.

Let's clarify: the last point is necessary so that, with etching inlet valves, a pressure of 10-12 atmospheres does not destroy the heating system.
Water is practically incompressible, and very little is needed to build pressure in a closed circuit.

The end date of the tests depends primarily on the presence or absence of accidents. As a rule, they last from a day to two.

flushing

Another event that is held after the heating is stopped or shortly before it is.

Most often it is performed by the hydropneumatic method:

The heating system is started to be discharged into the sewer. With the supply valve open and the return valve closed, a relief valve opens on the return.
Compressed air is forced into the supply through the control valve.
After a few hours, the direction of movement of the pulp is reversed.

The results of flushing are evaluated by a representative of heating networks. As a rule, the assessment comes down to checking the contents of the access and apartment heating radiators: the lower blind plugs are unscrewed from them.

Revision of valves

The action plan for preparing for the heating season includes:

Revision of shut-off valves of elevator units.
Audit of the condition of the elevator nozzles and (if necessary) welding, boring or replacing them.

The revision of the shut-off valves is accompanied by its repair and (in case of non-repairability) replacement. Since the price of gate valves is quite high, they are trying to repair them - to weld on worn wedges and grind the cheeks. Preparing one valve for work can take up to half a working day.

In the photo - a revision of the valve on the stand.

How long the valve repair itself takes is not fundamental: a heating network representative can be invited for an inspection any day before the start of the next season. Checking the condition of the valves is extremely simple: after all the valves in the unit are closed, no water should flow through the open control valve.

Based on the check, an act of readiness of the subscriber is drawn up, after which a readiness passport for the next season is issued to the house.

Conclusion

We hope that our material was able to answer the reader's questions about the central heating work schedule. As usual, the video attached to the article contains additional thematic materials. Good luck!

In view of the climatic conditions of the region, heating apartments and houses in cold weather is a prerequisite for comfortable and safe living in them.

The beginning of the heating season and its end are tied to a specific date, but the dates may be adjusted if the cold snap started earlier than usual. Therefore, the heating season may have a different start date, this is decided by local authorities, city utilities, and sanitary services.

For those apartment owners who use a centralized highway, it is important to know when heat will be supplied. After all violation of the regime - a reason to file a complaint with the responsible authority.

ATTENTION! The standard heating period is typical for houses with a centralized heat supply system. Homeowners with an individual boiler can independently turn the heating on or off.

Definition of the heating season

Traditionally, heat is given to the apartment in the fall, somewhere in the middle of this time of year. That's when the air temperature starts to drop. Inside the apartments, the air is cooled to the limit. The duration of the heating period is about six months, it completion depends on the establishment of a comfortable outdoor temperature s.

IMPORTANT! The appearance in the municipal sphere of the concept of the heating season became possible after the development of a centralized supply of thermal energy to apartment buildings.

What law regulates the process of heating residential premises?

The dates that determine the scope of the heating season - October 15 and April 15 - are conditional. Public utilities are approximately guided by them when preparing equipment and networks for long-term operation during the cold period. But in reality, the start and finish of heating houses is set differently every year, depending on the weather, the average temperature outside.

On May 26, 2006, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 304 was issued, according to which to start heating, you need to fix the temperature no higher than 8 degrees for 5 days. To calculate the average temperature, the highest and lowest air values of the day are added together.

ATTENTION! Sometimes residents of houses complain that even after 5 days of cold (below 8 degrees), the batteries in the house are cold. But heat does not enter the apartments immediately after the start-up of the boiler house; it may take more than one day to evenly heat all objects.

Principles of district heating

The pipeline through which heat is supplied to the house consists of pipes stretching from the central city boiler house. Typically, the heat carrier in the pipeline is hot water. But can be applied to heating steam, electricity.

In apartments, pipes are mounted at the entrance hot water and to her exit. Thanks to a properly designed heating system thermal energy evenly distributed through pipes, radiators. Centralized heating of apartments is used in settlements with different amount population.

This type of heating is convenient, practical, economical. But not always its duration corresponds to weather conditions. Therefore, it is important for residents of apartments to know the norms for turning on heating depending on the outside temperature.

What determines the start of heat supply?

At what temperature the heating is turned on - this question interests consumers every autumn, because there is no desire to freeze in the house due to the fact that the autumn bad weather began ahead of schedule. If a low average temperature remains in a dwelling for a long time, this affects the health of residents, the condition of furnishings and the house itself.

ATTENTION! No matter what date the heating season starts, it is important that utilities are fully prepared for it. It is necessary to check the integrity of the pipeline, the reliability of the boiler room equipment, the readiness heating system inside the house for hot water supply.

For a certain time, the standards determined the start of heating from October throughout the country. But on such a large area, the climatic conditions in cities and villages are different, depending on the climatic zone. And so the order of the beginning of the season was changed, as well as its duration.
What months are included in the heating period? It also depends on the region. In hot areas, it is necessary to heat only a few months, the cold part of the country needs heating for almost the entire year (ten months).

According to the law, heat energy suppliers must turn on systems for heating residential buildings if the air temperature outside for more than 5 days is not higher than 8 degrees Celsius.

But the rules and procedures for the heating season take into account other important factors. Even if it is cold outside in early autumn or late spring, but weather forecasters predict an imminent warming, the batteries can remain cold. During the inter-heating period, the heating system is very rarely started, this is associated with high costs.

The official decree on the beginning of the district heating season for apartments and houses is a guide to action for the municipal utilities of the settlement. Before the issuance of such a decision, experts calculate the most favorable beginning of the period, for this they record data on the average daily outdoor temperature several times a day, study information from meteorologists and weather forecasters.

ATTENTION! The heating period must necessarily begin before frost, since with an average temperature below zero, which persists for some time, non-operating equipment thermal pipeline, the boiler room is out of order. Expensive repairs will incur large expenses.

For the same reason, suppliers do not carry out heat cuts until the desired temperature is established on the street.

Features of the end of the district heating season

How long the heating period lasts and when it ends - it is important to know this information in order to demand high-quality performance of utility services from heat suppliers. The months when you have to pay for heat are the most difficult in terms of financial costs for the population.
In which month the heating is turned off this year, it is impossible to say in advance, it depends on weather conditions, on the duration of low temperatures, on the climatic zone in which the settlement is located. Therefore, the modern law does not establish the exact date when the period of heating of residential premises by a centralized system ends.
Like the start of heat supply, its end is related to the temperature outside. An important indicator for shutting off the coolant supply is maintaining a certain outdoor temperature for 5 days.
Suppliers must comply strictly with this and other conditions for the end of the heating period.

If frost, low temperatures persist for a long time and in spring, the heating season drags on, although this will lead to high utility bills.

And yet, without a comfortable temperature in the house, it is impossible to live in it, relax, and maintain good health.

Is it possible to turn off during the heating season?

Suppliers must carefully prepare for each heating season, checking the condition of highways, boiler equipment, and modernizing networks.

And yet, even with the high quality of training there are cases when utility companies turn off the heating in houses or apartments. This is usually associated with emergency situations on pipeline lines or in the boiler room itself.

Also, the heating of the house can be stopped for a while due to damage to the pipeline in the premises of a residential building.

ATTENTION! According to the law, shutdown during the heating period is not possible, if it took place, the time without heat supply should be minimal. Otherwise, the supplier is subject to fines and sanctions due to an irresponsible attitude to his duties.

If the room temperature is only 8 degrees Celsius, heating it can be stopped only for 2 hours. At a temperature of 10 degrees - no more than 8 hours.
Only for 16 hours is it permissible to turn off the heat when the room is 12 degrees.
Even due to accidents during the heating period, the permissible number of hours without heat supply is 24.

If utilities do not follow these important rules, the Pursuant to the law, consumers have the right to demand recalculation of heating payments. The payment will be reduced by 0.5% for each hour of exceeding the allowable standards.

What to do if there is no heat in the apartment?

If there is no heat in the room during the period of centralized heating, you should first exclude the formation of air pockets in the radiators, then you need to call the management company to solve the problem. Perhaps there was an accident and now it is eliminated.

Useful video

This video investigates the reasons why in winter the heat of the batteries is not enough to warm our homes.

Russia is in the most severe climatic conditions, and without properly functioning heating, it is quite difficult to survive the frosty and long winters. Spring, on the contrary, comes in different regions in different ways. And if somewhere people are already starting to feel uncomfortable at home with working batteries, then in other regions winter does not even think about giving up their rights, and a hot radiator is just in time.

Who is responsible for determining the start and end dates of the heating season

Many of us are concerned about the question of what criteria and who decides on the supply of heat to the radiators of apartment buildings and the termination of this very supply. Probably, each of us at least once was interested in who decides about the beginning and end of the heating period in cooperative houses. After all, if the concern for heat in a private house falls on the shoulders of the owners themselves, then in the case of central heating, everything is different.

Such a decision is made by the city local municipal authorities, giving an order to public utilities. And in Russian realities, this most often happens in the month of October. Decisions are made locally, and the main catalyst for the opening of the heating season is the average daily temperature, which stays at 8 degrees Celsius and below for 5 days. To turn off the heating, respectively, reverse factors are needed - the average daily temperature is above 8 degrees for more than 5 days. But at the same time, meteorological services should give a forecast that prolonged cold weather will no longer return.

When should the heating be turned off in 2017

The decision to turn off heating will be made individually for each region, depending on weather conditions. If somewhere in Russia spring is already showing itself in all its strength, then in many areas winter is still holding its ground. It is quite natural that the residents of Voronezh, Vladivostok, Serpukhov, Angarsk, Kurgan, Kursk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm, Lipetsk, Saratov and Sevastopol will feel the end of the heating season at different times. But we can say with confidence that in many cities of the country this will happen in April.

The heating season of 2017-2018 is one of the most important and complex processes that requires serious preparatory work, which is mainly carried out in spring and summer. Agree, the level of the upcoming heat regime in apartments and municipal enterprises in winter and late autumn directly depends on what work will be carried out and on its effectiveness.

Moreover, all work on the preparation of the heating season began a long time ago and is strictly controlled and recorded by the Department of Fuel and Energy Economy.

Preparatory work.

Probably, everyone will agree with the fact that the heating season is a rather responsible and important process, therefore, by the beginning of this time, you must be fully prepared. That is why, in order to achieve all the pre-planned goals, a special program has been created and designed, which includes a wide variety of action items that must be followed. What points can rightly be called and noted as paramount?

First, the organization and creation of a special commission in the executive authorities and industry enterprises. The main task of this commission is to control the preparation of all facilities, the volume and timing of all planned work.
Secondly, the creation and design of a special schedule for all repair work, as well as a preliminary and trial run of the entire heating system to identify gaps and shortcomings in the work for their timely removal and elimination.
Thirdly, budgeting for all repair and preparatory work. If you carefully study it, then it includes all objects that are in full or partial repair, together with the cost of all ongoing and necessary work.

When does it start?

One of the significant and important issues for many residents apartment buildings is when, finally, the heating will be turned on. Answering this question, it is immediately worth noting that every year the deadlines are adjusted and new ones are set. Ask why they do this, if you can draw up one single schedule and follow it clearly? It's simple, since the beginning of the heating system start-up directly depends on the weather conditions, which are different in each individual region, because somewhere it is colder, and somewhere, on the contrary, it is warmer. You should not assume that this is another whim of the local authorities, since all these points and points are prescribed and established in the legislation of the Russian Federation, although, nevertheless, each edge, region and region is endowed with its own rights and powers to independently decide and regulate this process locally. But, if, in general, we study the available deadlines, that is, the schedule that must be adhered to, then we can name the following figures.

March 10 is the time to start all the necessary work on hydraulic testing of heat exchangers, heat exchangers are a mechanism that is located and is located directly in the central heating points.
May 12 - the beginning of all hydraulic tests of main and distributing thermal stations.
May 25 is the time when all preparatory work is completely stopped and completed. As a rule, by this point in time, many errors and serious gaps have already been identified and eliminated, which could lead to serious consequences and failures of the entire system in winter.
October 15 - the time of starting the heat, taking into account all the regulatory deadlines. But in the issue of residential buildings and a separate category of municipal institutions, here the launch date is 2 weeks earlier.

Conditions for the beginning and end of the heating season.

But, above were listed only conditional start dates preparatory work oh and the heating season, since each region has the right to start this season much earlier if the following two very important conditions prescribed by law are met.

Autumn has come and, according to the rules, the beginning of the heating season starts from October 1 to October 15, and by the last date it should already be warm in every house.
The average daily temperature should be +8 degrees for 5 days. At the same time, in no case should you delay the start of the heating season, since in the end the entire system may freeze and you will have to spend and lay out a considerable amount of money from the budget for restoration work.

This is with regard to the beginning of the heating season, but the law also spells out the conditions that must be taken into account when turning off the heat.

End of season. According to the schedule, it falls in the period from April to mid-May, here everything also depends on the geographical location of the region.
Weather forecast. In other words, if, according to weather forecasts, there will still be a cold snap, then the heat is unlikely to be turned off, and if, on the contrary, the weather is warm, then such expenses will simply be unreasonable.
To end the heating season, the average daily temperature should be +8 degrees also for 5 days.

From everything we can conclude that the heating season is a rather complicated process that requires serious and high-quality preparation, so that in winter every house is really warm and comfortable.

This year, the shutdown of heating in Moscow will begin on May 4.According to the regulations, five days are allotted for the procedure, but usually power engineers cope much earlier.

"The process of turning off the heating in the capital will begin today, such a decision was made on behalf of the mayor of the city, Sergei Sobyanin. According to existing standards, heating in the city is turned off if the average daily air temperature for five days is kept at plus 8 degrees and tends to rise. Process shutdowns will proceed in stages: first, industrial enterprises, then residential buildings, then facilities social sphere" , - said the Deputy Mayor for Housing public utilities and landscaping Petr Biryukov.

/ Wednesday 4 May 2016 /

According to the official, the heat supply will be stopped in several stages. . . . . .

The work to turn off the heating in Moscow will be fully completed on May 6, Petr Biryukov, deputy mayor of the capital for housing and communal services and landscaping, told reporters on Thursday.

He explained that the temperature in the Moscow region for several days has been above the levels necessary to turn off the heating.

Moscow. . . . . .

"The weather in the Moscow region has been above the norm for several days, which is necessary to turn off the heating"- said P. Biryukov.

Biryukov to Interfax on May 4.

Today in Moscow ends the heating season - the batteries in the houses will be turned off in the coming days. According to Petr Biryukov, Deputy Mayor of the Russian capital for housing and communal services and improvement, at present the temperature of the coolant has already been reduced to a minimum, preparations have begun to turn off the heat.

As expected, batteries will first be turned off at industrial enterprises, then in residential buildings, and then at social facilities - in kindergartens, schools, hospitals and clinics.

Typically, heating in homes, social facilities and businesses is turned off within five days, but often power engineers cope faster.

In the coming days in the city, weather forecasters predict from 16 to 25 degrees during the day and 6-10 degrees at night.

The heating season is ending in the capital - from today, batteries will be turned off in houses. . . . . .

As the deputy mayor explained, at present the temperature of the coolant has already been reduced to a minimum and preparations have begun to turn off the heat.

Recall, earlier it was reported that this heating season began in October and passed without failures and accidents. Energy and thermal systems of the city fully withstood the load.

Starting today, heating will be turned off in homes, enterprises and social facilities, according to the mos.ru portal, citing Deputy Mayor for Housing and Communal Services and Improvement Pyotr Biryukov. The corresponding decision was made on behalf of Sergei Sobyanin.

The temperature of the coolant in the heating systems of residential buildings has already been reduced to a minimum, now a complete shutdown of heat will begin. At the same time, MKD will be the last objects where the heating will be turned off - public utilities will start from industrial enterprises.

The heating season is coming to an end in Moscow - heating has been turned off in residential buildings since May 4, said Petr Biryukov, Deputy Mayor for Housing and Public Utilities and Improvement.

On behalf of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, the heating season ends on May 4 in the capital. The city heating system switches to summer mode. Turning off the heating in the capital's buildings will be completely completed on May 6.

Heating is turned off after the average daily temperature is above +8 degrees for 5 days.

First of all, the heat supply is stopped at industrial enterprises, then in residential buildings. Last but not least, the heating is turned off in the buildings of kindergartens, schools, clinics and hospitals. The heating season went off without a hitch.

The heating season is a very important and complex process that requires careful preparation. It is mainly carried out in spring and summer. The beginning of the 2017-2018 heating season depends on the effectiveness and timing of the preparatory work.

Preparing for the heating season

The thermal regime in our homes, in social infrastructure institutions, in administrative buildings for various purposes, as well as in enterprises depends on how the preparatory work takes place. different shapes property in autumn and winter. It is no coincidence that this entire process is strictly controlled by the Department of Fuel and Energy Economy.

For the timely implementation of the entire scope of work, a special program was created, which clearly indicates the sequence of actions that should be performed. Among the priorities of this program are:

Creation of commissions in the executive authorities, the purpose of which is to control the preparation, timing and scope of upcoming work.
Creation of a schedule of preparatory work and a control launch of heating, in order to preliminary identify all the shortcomings and, if necessary, troubleshoot.
Drawing up an estimate of all upcoming work on the repair and replacement of obsolete equipment.

When will it start

This question worries all city dwellers without exception. In this regard, it should be noted that the date of switching on the heating is adjusted every year. Many people are perplexed why not set fixed terms for connecting heat. Everything is explained very simply. Every year is different in one area or another. Therefore, constant updating of the schedule is required. It is impossible to set uniform terms for such a large country as Russia. After all, somewhere frosts in Russia begin in September, and somewhere only a month later. The process of starting heating is fixed by law in all details:

Conditions for connecting and disconnecting heat

All of the above work in each region of the Russian Federation can be regulated in its own way. The table shows the approximate time frame for the completion of the work. In each individual subject of the Russian Federation, work can be carried out earlier if the following conditions are met:

The rules regulate the timing of turning on heating within October 1-15. The last date is the deadline for turning on the heat.
The second condition for supplying heating is an average daily temperature of +8 °C for five days. Delaying the timing of turning on the heat can lead to freezing of the system, which will entail considerable additional budgetary costs.
Turning off the heating system in each region also depends on the specific weather conditions. This period begins in mid-April and lasts a whole month. It will depend on the specific forecast of weather forecasters whether you will be turned off earlier or later. Agree that it is irrational to supply heat if it is abnormally warm outside. Heating will most likely be turned off if it is above +8 ° C outside for more than five days.

When will the heating be turned on in Moscow

The last heating season in Moscow passed with some nuances. The beginning of the season passed without a hitch, but the heating season ended twice. The heating was turned off for the first time in accordance with existing legislation, when steady heat set in in the capital, and the temperature did not fall below eight degrees Celsius for five days. It happened on May 1st. It should be noted that these days the weather was very warm. A record high temperature for this time was even recorded - over 25 degrees. The public utilities did their job very well and turned off the heat. However, a few days later frosts came and suddenly it started to snow. I had to turn on the heating again in hospitals and preschool institutions. This situation again raised the question: “What date is it better to turn on and turn off the heating?”. Thus, in the spring of 2017, the schedule for preparing for the next heating season was shifted.

Utilities in Moscow on May 15 reported on the shutdown of all heating networks and the start of preparations for the new heating season. All the problems that arose during the hydraulic testing of the system have already been eliminated, and repaired or replaced with new necessary equipment. This result was achieved through the organization of a special repair service, which monitored the necessary work on time and carried out timely elimination of all problems. It is necessary to carry out preventive work in 73 thousand buildings, among which 7.5 thousand are social facilities and 33 thousand are residential buildings. As Deputy Mayor of Moscow P. Biryukov noted, the corresponding metropolitan services will be ready for the new season on August 25th. It is already known from official sources that the heating season 2017-2018 in the capital will begin in the middle of the first month of autumn.

How St. Petersburg solves heating problems

The preliminary dates for turning on heating in the northern capital are the first ten days of October. True, I must say that the weather can make adjustments to these plans. The experience of the protracted previous heating season (242 days) once again confirms this. The earliest start date for the heating system is the first of October. Until October 10, the entire housing stock of the city, as a rule, is always connected to heat. First of all, heat is provided by health authorities, kindergartens, schools and other important facilities of the metropolis. Housing is connected to heat gradually from 5 to 10 October. It becomes cold in Northern Palmyra already at the end of September, so many people save themselves with electric heaters even before the start of the heating season.

According to A. Bondarchuk, Chairman of the Energy Committee, due to the longest heating season in 2016-2017 over the past 37 years, the timing of preparatory work for the new season has shifted somewhat. Recall that due to the cold spring, heating in the city was turned off only on May 19.

Twenty-nine thousand buildings must be prepared for the coming season, of which twenty-three thousand are housing. For these purposes, 66.6 billion rubles will be spent. Budget allocations will reach 13 billion rubles. Last year, similar expenses amounted to a smaller amount - 55.1 billion rubles.

When the heating is turned off

Since the Russian Federation, due to its size, covers almost all climatic zones inherent in the northern hemisphere of the planet, due to the onset of the warm season, it is always associated with great difficulties for public utilities. This is primarily due to the fact that in all regions spring comes in different time, and in some after the first thaws and a significant increase in temperature, prolonged frosts can occur. Therefore, it is sometimes extremely difficult to determine the exact date when the heating will be turned off, both for residents of such regions and for employees of the housing and communal services sector.

But, despite all the difficulties caused by the diversity of Russia's climatic zones, there are certain rules. Based on them, you can determine when this will happen approximately, and prepare if necessary.

Who and when decides to turn off the heat supply?

The direct decision to turn off central heating in a city or region is made by the management of local CHPs. Therefore, when the heating is turned off before it becomes relatively warm outside, there is no need to conflict with the housing authorities, since they have nothing to do with this decision.

At the same time, no one will turn off the heat supply if there is a long warm period in winter. After all, a complete re-heating of the pipes and the launch of the entire system is a very expensive and time-consuming task. The only thing that is done in such cases by the managers of the CHPP is the maximum possible decrease in the temperature of the entire heating main.

Therefore, residents of regions where the onset of spring may be delayed, and long frosts are possible at the end of May, it is worth having additional heating devices. Since local utilities will not be able to influence the date, and the management of the CHPP can cancel their decisions only in extreme cases, such as an environmental disaster, you should not count on the loyalty of housing and communal services workers.

Those who are going to change batteries in the summer should definitely crimp them or, at least, fill the riser. Indeed, by the beginning of the heating season, the entire system must be filled for safety reasons and to identify any pipe defects.

Beginning and end of the heating season in Russia

Note! The decision to start supplying hot water to the heating system is usually taken when the average temperature in the region or city drops to +8 degrees or lower.

Even if the management of the CHPP has some problems, in any case, they have to be solved at 8 degrees Celsius, since when tightened, the heating equipment of the entrances may freeze. As a result, freezing of pipes and batteries leads to emergencies, which are much more expensive than the timely switching on of the central heating system.

Naturally, the launch is made in the fall, usually in the first half of October. Even if there is a very cold summer with an average temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius, CHPs will not produce unscheduled start-ups due to the complexity of this process itself.

The launch is happening through a phased connection of areas of the city, so that utilities have the opportunity to gradually solve problems. And their occurrence is inevitable after a long downtime of the heating mains and heating systems of houses.

Note! The heating season ends with the onset of approximately the same weather conditions in which it begins. If the temperature in the region has risen to +8 degrees Celsius or higher, then with positive weather forecasts, the CHPP turns off heating.

This usually occurs between early April and mid-May. The date of turning off the heating can go beyond this framework only in certain areas with a warm or, conversely, extremely cold climate.

Without a positive meteorological forecast, such a decision cannot be made. Indeed, in addition to the dissatisfaction of consumers of thermal energy, that is, citizens, it is undesirable to do this because of the possible freezing of certain sections of the heating system or heating main and their failure. In some cases, repairs can be delayed for the whole summer due to the complexity and large amount of work. Therefore, all forecasts are studied as carefully as possible, and no one will rush to turn off if there is a danger of prolonged cold snaps.

What heating systems should be used in the off-season

Electric wall-mounted fan heater with remote control

If the summer turned out to be cold, and in an apartment or house the temperature at night drops significantly below a comfortable level, then heating using some kind of autonomous heating system or heaters can serve as a way out.

Since the heating issue has been resolved in houses with centralized heating in winter, it makes no sense to create complex autonomous systems.

You can do with one of the simpler options:

Fan heaters. These devices are perfect for moderate heating of a house or apartment, as they consume little electricity and have a variety of configurations - from industrial to small portable ones.
Conditioners. Despite the fact that these devices are usually used to cool the air, they also do an excellent job of heating it. In winter, of course, air conditioners will not save, but in cold summers this will be one of the best solutions.
Oil heaters can also be called one of the best solutions, since they are able to heat the entire room at once, and not just its separate section. To heat a room with an area of approximately 20 m 2, you will need a device with a power of only 2 kW. True, oil heaters have one drawback - this is a higher level of electricity consumption than air conditioners or fans.

Conclusion

In general, it can be advised to choose devices for heating your home during the off-season that heat the air in the entire room at once and do not consume too much energy.

It is also important to take into account that even in the coldest summer, high power and performance are not required from heaters, and even the weakest devices will cope with the task of raising the temperature by 5-7 degrees.