Treatment of indigestion in children. Treatment of functional dyspepsia in children. Classification of dyspeptic disorders: functional and organic types

Functional dyspepsia in young children occurs regularly. This problem causes discomfort in the upper abdomen and gives the baby a lot of torment. Since the disease significantly impairs the quality of life of the child, parents try to cope with it as soon as possible.

Functional dyspepsia - what is it in children?

This disease is an organic or functional digestive disorder. The problem develops against the background of a violation of the work of the upper sections gastrointestinal tract. Functional dyspepsia is common in children. This is due to the anatomical features of the structure of organs and systems, as well as a different state of metabolism from the adult.

Indigestion - causes

Dyspepsia in children, as a rule, develops as a result of a violation of the neurohumoral regulation of the motor function of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In some patients, the problem appears against the background of visceral hypersensitivity. In both cases, the disorder can be observed at any level - the central nervous system, pathways, intestinal receptor apparatus, enteroendocrine cells - and almost always causes dyskinesia of subordinate organs.

Fermentative dyspepsia in a child

Disorders are different types. Fermentative dyspepsia in young and older children develops when carbohydrates are not digested intensively enough. Why exactly this condition occurs, doctors cannot yet answer. It is only known for certain that excessive consumption of carbohydrates and coarse fiber contributes to its appearance.

Fermentative functional dyspepsia in children is exacerbated due to:

cold drinks;
stale food;
soda;
sweets (especially if you eat them in the heat).

Putrid dyspepsia in children

This type of disease is also called yeast. This type of disorder develops against the background of the abuse of protein foods or with enzymatic insufficiency of the digestive organs. In most cases, this dyspepsia syndrome in children is diagnosed after eating fatty meats or semi-finished meats that are difficult for the stomach to digest. As a result, food begins to rot in the intestines, and a large number of toxins.

In addition to the fact that cases of yeast disorders become more frequent during the holidays, the problem can appear when:

intestinal atony;
pancreatitis;
anacid gastritis;

Fatty dyspepsia

Functional fatty dyspepsia in children occurs due to the consumption of foods high in refractory fats. The latter include pork and lamb fat and dishes prepared on the basis of these products. Such functional dyspepsia in young children is accompanied by profuse diarrhea. The stool is light and looks greasy.

Symptoms of dyspepsia in children

It is desirable to recognize the diagnosis of dyspepsia in children as early as possible. The problem manifests itself with the following symptoms:

vomit;
frequent stools (up to 8 times a day);
greenish feces with an unpleasant sour smell;
bloating;
loss of appetite;
a sharp decrease in body weight;
anxiety;
intestinal colic.

Some babies develop concomitant ailments against the background of the disease: thrush, diaper rash, stomatitis. simple form dyspepsia disappears in 2-7 days, but in immunocompromised children it sometimes transforms into toxic, which is recognized by the following signs:

fever
incessant vomiting;
very frequent watery stools (up to 20 times a day);
dry skin and mucous membranes;
convulsions;
impaired consciousness (in the most severe cases).

Functional dyspepsia in children - treatment

Before treating fermentative dyspepsia in a child or any other form of illness, you need to determine the cause of the problem. For therapy to work, it must be carried out in a course. Treatment of dyspepsia in children involves not only taking medication, but also a strict diet. This will help to quickly restore the functioning of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the occurrence of complications.

Early therapy has a favorable prognosis. Uncomplicated dyspepsia in young children is treated with the following drugs:

Domperidone. The drug refuses prokinetic action, increases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter, is rapidly absorbed after ingestion.
Buscopan. It blocks M-cholinergic receptors and has a ganglioblocking effect, due to which it can effectively stop pain.
Rutacid. Protects the gastric mucosa, has a binding effect on bile acids, reduces the proteolytic activity of pepsin.
Pirenzepine. Antisecretory drug. Improves microcirculation in the mucosa and inhibits intragastric proteolysis.

The toxic form of dyspepsia should be treated only in a hospital setting. The child is prescribed a water-tea diet. Often, this fluid is injected into the body intravenously. If necessary, a course of injections is carried out - a solution of glucose, sodium chloride, Ringer. A week after hydration therapy, the child should be fed with breast milk or fermented milk mixtures.

Diet for dyspepsia in children

The diet is selected depending on the type and form of the disease, but there are some general recommendations that should be followed by almost all patients. You need to eat with dyspepsia often and fractionally. Acute digestive disorders in children exclude hearty dinners and require the obligatory intake of first courses. It is recommended to remove all artificial food additives, dyes, preservatives from the diet. The food you eat must be warm. It is advisable to cook food for a couple, boil or stew.

Dyspepsia in children - indigestion, functional indigestion against the background of chronic enzyme deficiency or malnutrition.

Regurgitation, stool disturbance, pain in the abdomen, colic, increased gas formation - these symptoms indicate functional dyspepsia in young children. The body of the baby is especially prone to indigestion.

An increased tendency to dyspepsia in newborns and children up to a year is formed by:

Insufficient amount of gastric juice produced;
Reduced concentration of acids necessary for the breakdown of food entering the stomach;
The immaturity of the intestinal microflora, which helps to absorb nutrients.

To help a baby with dyspepsia, you need to know about the types of disease, causes, methods of prevention and treatment.

Simple dyspepsia in newborns can be caused by several factors:

Violation of the feeding regimen. Too much breastfeeding leads to the fact that the baby receives more milk than his stomach can digest. As a result, the excess is rejected by the body, regurgitation or loose stools occur.
Switching to another milk formula. The baby's body is sensitive to a slight change in the formulation of the substitute breast milk. To avoid dyspepsia, the baby should be fed mixtures of one manufacturer.
Violation of the diet of a nursing mother. Smoked products, marinades, mushrooms, hot spices, medications cause a reaction in the baby in the form of dyspeptic syndrome.
Inappropriate food composition. Complementary foods were introduced too early or offered the baby in large portions. Even worse, if two new products were offered at the same time, it will be more difficult to determine the cause of dyspepsia.

Alimentary

Nutritional dyspepsia in infants occurs as a result of inappropriate food intake. In addition to quantitative and qualitative compliance with the norms of consumed products and dishes, it is necessary that their composition be balanced. An excess of certain nutrients can also cause alimentary indigestion.

fermentation

With an excess of dietary carbohydrates in the large intestine, the reproduction of microorganisms responsible for fermentation increases. The main symptom of fermentative dyspepsia in infants is loose stools with a characteristic odor.

putrid

Putrefactive dyspepsia in young children is the result of excessive consumption of protein foods. If there are not enough enzymes in the intestines for its full assimilation, undigested food undergoes decay. Diarrhea appears, feces have a putrid odor.

fatty

Fatty dyspepsia in a child appears from an increased fat content in the diet. The children's body does not have enough enzymes to break down complex fat molecules. This leads to indigestion. Diarrhea with foam is common in a child with fatty dyspepsia, but is not a mandatory symptom.

toxic

Intoxication begins with and vomiting. The baby first becomes restless and excitable, then lethargic and apathetic.

On the first day, vomiting occurs two to three times, usually after meals. Then the child begins to feel sick even from a sip of water. Sometimes vomit is vomited on an empty stomach. The contents may contain mucus, fragments of bile, with a aggravated form - blood. The stool is liquid, frothy, in the following days it becomes watery with a greenish tint.

With the toxic form of dyspepsia, the child quickly loses fluid and mineral salts. The skin and mucous membranes become dry, inelastic, pale. Facial features become sharp, the fontanel sinks. Due to exposure to toxins, consciousness slows down, pressure drops, body temperature may rise to or remain unchanged. The child breathes often, superficially. The pulse quickens.

At the first symptoms of toxic dyspepsia in newborns, it is necessary to call a doctor. If the diagnosis of indigestion is confirmed, the child will need to be hospitalized.

Treatment is to stop feeding for a day. You can only give a little water or tea. Then gradual, strictly dosed feeding until the function of the stomach is restored. Additionally, during the treatment, enzymes, vitamins, and the introduction of nutrient solutions intravenously are prescribed.

Parenteral

Parenteral dyspepsia in a child occurs as a concomitant phenomenon in infectious diseases.

A child's body, weakened, or other diseases, becomes a vulnerable target for pathogenic microbes. The process is accompanied by a weakening of the activity of the digestive glands, a violation of the digestive tract and the death of beneficial intestinal microflora.

More often, the development of the underlying disease and symptoms of indigestion in a child occurs in parallel. Possibility of acute toxicity characteristic features in the form of vomiting, regurgitation, diarrhea. To eliminate the symptoms, the underlying disease is treated. To maintain the body, a sparing diet is prescribed. In case of acute toxicosis, the child is treated with sorbents and probiotics.

Baby care

Careful child care successful treatment dyspepsia in children. To reduce the risk of complications, you must:

If the child has had vomiting or diarrhea once, evaluate his diet and find out which of the foods could provoke these phenomena. If complementary foods were introduced, it was he who could become the culprit in the deterioration of the baby's well-being.
must be administered carefully, starting with very small doses. Do not offer a new product until the baby gets used to the previous one. If the baby is prescribed medication, it is not recommended to introduce complementary foods during the course of treatment.
Don't leave the situation to chance. The first symptoms of dyspepsia appeared, which means that an examination by a specialist is required, especially if diarrhea and vomiting occur repeatedly.
Replenish the balance of salts and fluid that is lost during vomiting, diarrhea. Always have a few sachets of rehydrone on hand. If not, you can add a little salt to the water.
Keep diapers and soiled underwear until the doctor arrives. Bowel movements in a diaper will help you find out exactly what disorders have occurred in the body and determine the type of dyspepsia.
The baby should be washed with each change of clothes and applied between the buttocks baby cream. Frequent bowel movements in dyspepsia irritate the skin of the child and add to his suffering.

If bloody inclusions and mucus are found in the feces, it is necessary to find out if the contents of the intestine indicate signs of dysentery, especially dangerous for young children.

Folk remedies

To alleviate the condition of children with dyspepsia, some recipes for folk remedies are effective:

Rice congee: boil a teaspoon of rice in 3-4 cups of water over low heat until the rice is completely boiled. Strain the resulting paste through one layer of gauze and give in portions no more than 1-2 tablespoons every 2.5 hours.
A decoction of oak bark fixes the chair well. Take 1 teaspoon of carefully chopped bark of oak branches, pour 250 ml of water and cook for about 15 minutes over low heat. Remove from the stove, cool quickly, add boiling water to the original volume and give 1 teaspoon 4-5 times a day.
A decoction of pomegranate peel has a similar effect. To prepare 1 teaspoon of powder from dried and crushed pomegranate peel, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water and heat in a water bath for about 15 minutes. After insisting for 1.5-2 hours, the decoction filtered through 2 layers of gauze can be given to the child. Dosage for a baby under the age of one year - 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day.

Prevention

Functional dyspepsia in children under one year old can be prevented by following a few simple rules:

Provide proper, balanced, high-quality nutrition;
Avoid overheating of the baby, always dress according to the weather;
The room where he sleeps and plays should be ventilated more often;
In summer, after a long stay in the sun, you need to rest for a while in the shade and only then feed the baby;
Do not restrict children in liquids, preferring healthy drinks: clean water, natural fruit drinks and decoctions with low sugar content.

The child has indigestion, accompanied by unpleasant symptoms. Parents are lost and don't know what's wrong. What comes first: deviations in the functioning of organs or indigestion as a result of malnutrition? These factors are interrelated. A small problem in the work of the gastrointestinal tract can provoke the development of a disease called dyspepsia.

What is dyspepsia

Dyspepsia is a digestive disorder caused by abnormalities in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular in the work of the stomach.

Synonyms of the disease - indigestion, indigestion.

Among the most common manifestations of dyspepsia in children are:

discomfort, pain in the stomach of varying degrees;
slow, difficult digestion of food;
heaviness in the stomach;
early saturation.

Dr. Komarovsky about abdominal pain in a child: video

Types of disease and causes

Dyspepsia is divided into:

functional;
alimentary;
toxic;
organic.

Indigestion can occur both as a result of violations of the rules of nutrition, and as a result of poisoning the body with toxins, in which case treatment in a hospital may be required.

Simple (functional)

Simple, or functional, dyspepsia in children occurs due to improper enzymatic activity of the endocrine glands, motor disorders and problems of the nervous system.

Subspecies functional dyspepsia:

ulcerative;
dyskinetic;
nonspecific.

Alimentary

The development of the alimentary form of the disease is provoked by malnutrition: systematic overeating, eating poorly cooked or stale foods.

Causes of dyspepsia in infants:

overfeeding;
non-compliance with the rules for introducing complementary foods;
lack of diet.

Fermentative, putrefactive and other forms of alimentary dyspepsia: table

View	Characteristic	Eating Disorders
fermentation	It is characterized by a lack of pancreatic juice components involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates. As a result, the food is not digested completely. Consequences: decreased motor activity of the small intestine; the formation of bacteria; fermentation development.	Excessive or unbalanced consumption of foods such as: cabbage; legumes; sausages; confectionery; raw fruits and vegetables.
putrid	the formation of putrefactive processes associated with improper breakdown of proteins; irritation of the intestinal walls with decay products; decrease in pancreatic secretory activity.	eating meat in excess of the norm; stale produce.
fatty	a decrease in the number of enzymes that break down fat; decreased secretion of bile.	Inclusion in the diet of foods containing saturated fats (lamb, pork).

toxic

Toxic dyspepsia is a nutritional complication that occurs in children under one year old. It begins as a violation of digestion, as a result of which intoxication of the gastrointestinal tract occurs: harmful substances enter the bloodstream, which leads to poisoning of the whole organism. At the same time, it turns out Negative influence on the nervous system, metabolism suffers.

In the role of provoking factors are not only errors in nutrition, but also infection with microbes.

organic

Organic dyspepsia is a secondary digestive disorder. It is caused by a disease that is infectious in nature or is the result of damage to any organ. Toxins (causative agents of the main pathology) affect the autonomic nervous system, as a result of which it ceases to cope with the regulation of the digestive system. Consequences of this process:

acceleration of peristalsis;
decrease in bile secretion;
decline in enzyme activity;
changes in absorption processes in the intestine.

Symptoms in children depending on the type of dyspepsia: table

View		Symptoms
functional	ulcerative subspecies	pain in the epigastric region
	dyskinetic subspecies	feeling of fullness in the stomach; discomfort after eating; bloating.
	nonspecific subspecies	mixed signs of ulcer-like and dyskinetic types
Alimentary	fermentation	bloating; heaviness and dull pain in the stomach; diarrhea.
	putrid	belching; nausea; bloating; stomach discomfort.
	fatty	full stomach; heaviness in the abdomen; pain in the stomach after eating; belching; flatulence.
toxic		nausea; frequent vomiting; watery stool; toxicosis; dehydration; increase in body temperature; lethargy, apathy.
organic		vomit; diarrhea.

Diagnostics

Symptoms alone are not enough to make a diagnosis; the doctor must determine whether dyspepsia is functional or whether indigestion signals a malfunction in the internal organs.

When making a diagnosis of "alimentary dyspepsia" in infants, the doctor:

analyzes symptoms;
appoints a fecal analysis;
asks the mother questions about the food consumed, the diet and the regularity of the stool in the child.

Endoscopy and x-rays to assess the condition of small patients are not performed.

Diagnosis of toxic dyspepsia is carried out in a hospital, when the first alarm signals are detected, a doctor is called to the house and the child is hospitalized.

To identify simple dyspepsia, the simultaneous presence of the following points is necessary:

absence of pathological changes in organs;
manifestation of indigestion for at least three months;
the severity of symptoms does not depend on the process of bowel movement (thus, irritable bowel syndrome can be excluded).

Research types:

Similar studies can be carried out in the clinic. They are carried out on initial stage in order to prescribe the correct therapy. However, if progress in treatment does not occur, the patient may be admitted to the hospital for an in-depth diagnosis, which includes:

X-ray of the stomach. The conformity of the organ to normal sizes is recorded.
Electrogastrography. The rate of peristalsis is measured.
Examination of gastric juice, measurement of its Ph. The acidity of the stomach is determined.

As a result of the tests, the doctor receives data for making a differential diagnosis. If no pathological disorders of the internal organs are found, then the digestive system is healthy at the level of its structure, however, the symptoms indicate the presence of deviations in the implementation of the interaction between the organs. This is called functional dyspepsia.

When a pathology of any organ is detected, a diagnosis of a primary disease is made and "organic dyspepsia" as a consequence.

Treatment

Treatment of dyspepsia is associated with the elimination of causes and symptoms. The causes are eliminated with the help of diet, and the symptoms - with medication. Timely normalization of the work of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract is necessary due to the fact that any disturbances in the digestive system lead to serious complications.

Medications prescribed in childhood, depending on the symptoms: table

Symptom	Indication for use	Group	Preparations	Operating principle	From what age is it allowed to use
Diarrhea	Discharged to relieve symptoms liquid stool, treatment of irritable bowel.	Adsorbents	Neosmectin.	adsorption of bacteria; slowing down inflammatory processes; restoration of the mucous membrane; normalization of intestinal motility; destruction of Helikobacter pylori bacteria; removal of bile salts; increasing the resistance of the mucosa to the effects of hydrochloric acid.	From birth
Heartburn	They are used to eliminate discomfort in the stomach, normalize the digestive process.	Antacids		removal of irritation of the gastric mucosa; protection of the intestinal walls from damage.	From 1 month
Violation peristalsis, processes fermentation, nausea, vomiting	They are prescribed for violations of peristalsis, slow or, conversely, increased activity of the intestinal walls.	Motility activators		Equalization of the intensity of bowel movements	From 3 years old
		Antiemetics		Activation of smooth muscle contraction of the small intestine	From birth
Increased stomach acid	Used to eliminate the cause of burning in the epigastric region.	Hydrochloric acid blockers	Omeprazole	Suppression of the synthesis of hydrochloric acid in the stomach	From 5 years old
Dysbacteriosis, diarrhea, constipation, intestinal colic	Indicated for use in functional dyspepsia for the treatment of intestines.	Prebiotics and Probiotics		Restoration of intestinal microflora; normalization of stomach acidity; mucosal recovery.	From birth
			Linex	Enrichment of the body with beneficial bifidobacteria
				Enrichment of the body with beneficial bifidobacteria
Complicated digestion	They are prescribed for low enzymatic activity, with an ulcer-like variant of functional dyspepsia.	Enzymes		Introduction of enzymes into the body to facilitate the process of digestion
Presence of toxins	Appointed when an intestinal infection is detected.	Antiseptics		Destruction of bacteria that cause intestinal infections	From 2 years old

Drugs used for indigestion, pictured

Almagel normalizes the process of digestion
Alfa Normix is prescribed when an intestinal infection is detected Bifidumbacterin is prescribed for dysbacteriosis, diarrhea, constipation
Mezim Forte refers to enzyme preparations Motilium - an antiemetic prescribed from birth Smecta is a popular enterosorbent widely used in pediatrics. Trimedat is indicated for violation of peristalsis
Hilak Forte enriches the children's body with beneficial bifidobacteria

Diet

There is no single diet to treat all types of dyspepsia. The list of recommended and prohibited foods is formed depending on the nutritional errors that caused the disease. Products that caused indigestion and the formation of pathogenic microflora in the intestine should be excluded from the patient's menu until he is completely recovered.

Features of the diet for alimentary dyspepsia: table

Diet for alimentary and toxic dyspepsia for newborns and infants

Allowed and prohibited foods for functional dyspepsia: table

Approved Products	Prohibited Products	Products in small quantities
chicken meat; fish; chicken egg (boiled, scrambled eggs); thin soups; dairy products; wheat crackers; vermicelli; plant food; cereals; juices, compotes.	pork, lamb, beef; smoked meats; soups-puree on meat broth; scrambled eggs; hard cheeses; cornmeal products; confectionery; legumes; sorrel, onion, garlic; sausages; caviar, canned food, herring in oil.	fatty dairy products when added to meals; dumplings; flour; honey, chocolate.

Table number 4

When you visit a doctor, you will receive a memo with the name "Table No. 4".

oatmeal, rice, buckwheat;
fruit and berry compotes and kissels;
skim cheese;
low-fat varieties of fish in boiled form;
minced meat dishes;
boiled meat (chicken, turkey);
wheat crackers;
cocoa, tea, decoctions of quince, wild rose, blueberries and currants;
egg (steam omelet);
butter in small quantities when added to dishes.

The diet is very strict and allows the use of only dishes from the list, all other products must be excluded, it is unacceptable to use spices in the cooking process.

Folk remedies

From folk methods widely known phytotherapy. Herbs should be selected to eliminate the identified pathologies of digestion.

To normalize the digestive system, it is necessary to establish the work of several organs at once: the stomach, gallbladder, liver.

The pancreas is poorly treated with herbs, its function is restored with the help of a diet. However, ensuring a sufficient flow of bile allows you to reduce the load on it, thereby helping to start the self-healing mechanism. Some herbs have a positive effect on several organs at the same time.

Only a few types of herbs can be consumed at any age.

Herbs that have a choleretic effect, improve digestion, are allowed for children from 12 years old: calamus rhizomes, yarrow, St. John's wort, celandine. Dosages are determined individually after consultation with a doctor.

Medicinal properties of herbs: table

grass name	Properties	Recipe	Dosages
Peppermint	analgesic effect on the stomach; anti-inflammatory effect; neutralization of bacteria.	Take 1 teaspoon of herb for 1 cup of boiling water. Insist 5 minutes. Strain.	Dosages for one dose after meals: newborns - 1/8 cup; children aged 1–2 years - 1/7; 3–4 years -1/5, 5–6 years - 1/4; 7-10 years - 1/2 cup; teenagers - 1 glass.
Chamomile	cessation of fermentation and gas formation; restoration of intestinal microflora; removal of spasms of smooth muscles of the stomach; antibacterial effect.
Dandelion	improvement of appetite; choleretic effect.	10 grams of dandelion flowers (1-2 tablespoons) pour 1 glass of water. Boil for 15 minutes on low heat. Insist 30 minutes.	Children - 1 teaspoon 3-4 times a day 15 minutes before meals.

Treatment prognosis and possible complications

With timely detection of symptoms and taking the necessary measures, the prognosis is favorable. Not all medicines immediately give the desired effect, this is due to the fact that they remove the consequences. Transferring a child to a diet allows you to eliminate the causes that cause the development of symptoms. The goal of treatment is to eliminate pathologies and normalize digestion.

Interruptions in the proper functioning of the stomach without timely treatment can cause the following complications:

belching;
nausea and vomiting;
heartburn;
constipation;
diarrhea.

Prevention

Parents can ensure the prevention of diseases of the digestive system by adjusting the diet of the child.

Principles of a preventive diet:

All nutrients must be present in equal proportions. This can be ensured by making sure that the diet contains vegetables, fruits, meat products, eggs, cereals.
Do not abuse confectionery.
Prefer boiled food over fried food, this will help protect against the occurrence of fatty dyspepsia.
Refuse carbonated lemonade, fast food.
Monitor the volume of servings, the amount of meat at one time - no more than 100 g.
Cook vegetables boiled or stewed. Do not eat a lot of cabbage, legumes, use these vegetables only when added to dishes.
Increase the content of sticky, enveloping foods in the diet: cereals, soups, mashed potatoes. This has a positive effect on the functioning of the intestines.
Eat according to the regimen, include easily digestible foods in dinner, for example, sour-milk.
Don't eat before bed.

Rules for the prevention of nutrition for children under 1 year old:

You can't overfeed your baby.
Complementary foods should be introduced in small portions, carefully monitoring the reactions of the body, the mood of the baby, the color and regularity of the stool.
It is important to start complementary foods with hypoallergenic and specially adapted foods, such as cereals.
At the first signs of indigestion, it is necessary to stop complementary foods and seek advice from a pediatrician.

Interview with PhD Elena Adamenko: video

Of course, dyspepsia in a child is an unpleasant phenomenon, but after getting acquainted with information about the types of diseases and methods of treatment, parents can begin their research on how drugs, products, folk remedies affect the child's body. A well-chosen diet can become the basis of a preventive diet.

Functional dyspepsia in a child is a complex of symptoms, including constant or intermittent pain or discomfort in epigastric region(upper abdomen), a feeling of fullness and swelling after eating, early satiety, nausea, calls for vomit occurring within 12 weeks during the last 12 months, in which the examination process fails to detect any organic disease.

Localization of pain and discomfort in the epigastric region closer to the midline in functional dyspepsia is of decisive importance, since their displacement to the right or left, as a rule, is a sign of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

The leading role in the occurrence of functional dyspepsia is played by violations of the motor-evacuation function of the stomach and duodenum.

Taking into account the clinical manifestations, functional dyspepsia has four variants of the course:

Ulcerative variant. It is characterized by localized (periodic or constant) pain in the epigastric region of varying intensity, including "hungry", passing after eating, antacids or antisecretory drugs.

Dyskinetic variant. With this variant of dyspepsia, the presence of discomfort in the epigastrium is characteristic. Discomfort intensifies after eating and is combined with a feeling of rapid satiety, bloating and nausea, a feeling of heaviness. possible vomiting, flatulence, intolerance to fatty, dairy and some other types of food.

At reflux-like form patients are concerned about regurgitation, belching , heartburn , vomit , nausea , bloating, a feeling of "acid in the mouth".

At non-specific variant dyspepsia complaints, as a rule, are diverse, significantly exceeding the data of an objective study of the patient and making it difficult to clearly determine the variant of the course of the disease. In this case, patients may indicate attacks of headache. Such children complain of a sensation when swallowing a "lump" in the throat or behind the sternum, irritability, difficulty falling asleep, increased fatigue, and emotional instability. Along with this, spastic constipation, alternating with diarrhea.

Causes of dyspepsia in children

Dyspepsia quite often first occurs or worsens in children during their intensive growth and development. It is during these periods of life that there is a violation of coordination between the central nervous system and the functional state of the digestive organs, as a result, there is a violation of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, which in turn leads to functional dyspepsia.

Important for the onset of symptoms characteristic of dyspepsia are also the characteristics of the child's nutrition, including the refusal of a full breakfast, an increase in the diet of easily digestible carbohydrates, the abuse of fast food, carbonated drinks. The symptoms of dyspepsia are aggravated by school and other educational loads, which are often incommensurable with the age capabilities of the child's body, as well as stressful situations, non-compliance with the regime of the day, uncontrolled physical overload and chronic lack of rest.