Choosing a parquet floor Classic wooden parquet in the interior Parquet floors at home

Parquet is quite popular flooring. It has been used by people for a long time, because it is a simple and durable solution. But because of a large number varieties of such coverage, buyers are often confused between the proposed options. Moreover, each of them has its own characteristics and advantages.

Varieties of parquet

There are several varieties of this coverage. They differ not only in characteristics, but also in shape, manufacturing technology, styling and many other factors. Among the most popular varieties are:

Piece

This is the traditional type of such coverage, used everywhere. It is a wooden plank, the length of which varies within 450 mm, and the width does not exceed 70 mm. A characteristic difference between piece parquet is solidity and the possibility of assembly through special grooves.

Typesetting (mosaic)

The peculiarity of this species is that it consists of shields assembled from small planks. This allows you to create a certain pattern on the floor, without spending time and effort on connecting the parquet components. Often the outer side is sealed with paper (so that the drawing is not damaged). The reverse side can be equipped with an insulating layer.

Shield

A characteristic feature of panel parquet is a square panel, on which a thin layer of small planks of hardwood is glued. The size of the shield can vary, but often correspond to 40x40 cm or 80x80 cm. The front side often does not have artistic drawings, only squares. Shields can be freely connected to each other by means of a groove and special connecting keys. This allows you to significantly speed up the laying of parquet and reduce labor costs.

Massive

Massive parquet (also referred to as massive board) is a subspecies parquet board. It is considered an elite coating, characterized by high reliability, durability and environmental friendliness. The high price is due to the fact that a single piece of hardwood is used in the manufacture, the processing of which is quite difficult. By design, the board almost does not differ from piece parquet.

parquet board

A multilayer board is significantly cheaper than a solid one. It is created from several layers of wood, among which only the top layer consists of solid rock. The rest are low-grade material or woodworking waste. Although multi-layer parquet is considered worse, it is more resistant to high humidity and temperature changes. Its feature is the top layer, which imitates a set of parquet boards.

Palace

This type of parquet is an expensive work of art. It is a complex parquet fabric that forms a pattern. Here are used various forms, lines and colors, and up to 80 types of wood are used to create one composition. Often, palace parquet is ordered individually.

cork floor

Sometimes cork flooring is considered parquet flooring. It is a cork flooring with high thermal insulation and noise absorption. However, such floors are rarely used, because they are easy to damage. This is prevented only by a thin vinyl film.

These are the main types of parquet used for flooring. Each of them has its own advantages and features of laying technology, which should be considered when choosing.

Important ! Parquet should be selected not only in accordance with your preferences, but also with the conditions in which it will be used.

Laminated parquet

Another type of such a coating is noted - laminated parquet. It is not ranked among others, because in fact it is a laminate - an imitation of wood. However, it is quite popular as a substitute for parquet, being used as a reliable and inexpensive solution. Such a laminate consists of four layers:

The top layer is laminated, consists of acrylic or melamine resin.
Below it is a decorative one that sets the pattern for the product.
The main layer of such a coating consists of chipboard or fiberboard high density providing rigidity to the structure.
The last layer provides moisture protection.

However, real parquet is a much more preferable choice, because it is environmentally friendly, reliable and durable.

Wood for parquet

Different types of wood can be used to create parquet. However, for this task, mostly hard rocks are taken, because they will wear out longer and are able to maintain their structure when exposed to temperature or moisture.

Parquet wood is divided according to two parameters - density and color. Therefore, the following classifications are noted:

Light. To create a light coating, oak, maple, ash, hornbeam and bamboo are used. In the post-Soviet space, oak or ash is traditionally used because of their high strength and reliability. Although the former refers to light colors, among its varieties there are various colors of wood, including red.
Reds. There are practically no trees with red wood in the nearby regions. Therefore, for such a coating, doussia, kempas, yarra, paduka and jatobu are used. These trees are common only in some regions, but most are supplied from Africa or Asia.
Brown. Brown woods grow all over the world. For parquet, among them are walnut, mutenia, rosewood, sucupira, merbau, jacaranda, kumara and lapacho. Most of these trees are of high density.
Yellow. Parquet yellow color is in demand in many regions. For its manufacture, olive, flounder or teak are used. The second type of wood is also called iroko.
Pink. There is a lot of rose wood growing in the nearby regions. Among them are alder, beech, cherry and pear. Often these rocks have a low density.
Dark. For dark parquet flooring, only two types of wood are used - wenge and bog oak. Both are extremely expensive and are considered an elite breed.

Advice ! As an alternative to bog oak, which has an extremely high price, there is artificially stained oak. It is much cheaper, although it does not have the same characteristics.

Which variety is better

Each type of such coverage has its own advantages. Therefore, the choice between them is quite difficult. To select the best option, it is worth knowing their advantages and disadvantages.

The piece type is the simplest of them. It is distinguished by its low price, high quality (after all, it is made from a solid wood board) and reliability. However, laying it is a rather painstaking process due to the large amount of work and the need to accurately install each plank. In addition, its use requires a certain insulation under the coating.

The mosaic type differs from the previous one in a slightly higher price, high quality and ease of installation. His appearance varied due to the different types of segments, but installation is not easier than the previous version.

The shield option is superior to the previous options. It has a varied texture, high resistance to moisture and temperatures thanks to two layers, and an easy installation process. But the durability of such a coating is not so high, and the cost exceeds the previous options.

Other types of parquet are quite specific, so their choice depends on the requirements. Massive parquet is extremely reliable and durable, but has a high cost. Parquet board (multilayer) is much cheaper, but wears out quickly. The palace type has a huge value and a unique look.

The choice between these options depends only on the buyer. If the budget is unlimited, then you should take a massive parquet, but others should not be ignored either.

Preparing for laying parquet

Different types of parquet have individual installation requirements. They differ in the assembly method, so you should take this into account when choosing.

The base is prepared regardless of the type of parquet. The floor must be prepared for work, because otherwise the coating will come out uneven, weak and short-lived. The main requirements for the foundation are as follows:

Dryness
Evenness
Purity

The moisture content of the base for parquet should not exceed 5%. If this indicator is exceeded, the tree can absorb moisture and deform, which will not only destroy the parquet, but also render the materials unusable.

The second point is a flat floor. The maximum difference should not be 2 mm, because otherwise the grooves in the parquet cannot be connected, and the surface of the coating will be uneven.

The cleanliness of the base is also important, because the entire structure will be placed on it. Often, glue is used to fix the segments, so the mount can be broken due to dirt or dust.

For parquet flooring, plywood is often used as a layer between cement and wood. There are separate requirements for plywood, because it must be sufficiently stable and reliable, as well as reduce the flow of moisture.

Important ! If a panel kit is used, then plywood can be omitted. Often the reverse side is covered with an insulating layer, in addition, all the wood lies on the board.

Laying different types of parquet

Different types of parquet have their own laying technology, which must be followed during the work process. Special care must be taken when laying especially heavy varieties, because a small error will ruin the whole result.

by the most simple option is a piece-type installation. It consists in the sequential laying of elements, connecting them through grooves. The basis of a parquet fastens on plywood by means of glue. Everyone can handle the piece-type laying, you just need to accurately measure the distance to the walls and select the appropriate planks. A massive board is also laid using the same technology, because it differs from the piece type only in size.

Important ! Plank parquet (piece or massive) is placed in a checkerboard pattern. This will increase the density and reliability of the coating.

The parquet floor is a low thermal conductivity, good sound insulation, durability, it can be repaired, environmental friendliness and aesthetics. Knowing these advantages, we choose parquet flooring. In this article, we will give advice on choosing a quality parquet.

General information

In itself, the price of high-quality parquet, in some cases, is cheaper than parquet boards and laminate.

All the salt lies in the high cost of laying piece parquet, since in this case special skill is required.

Initially, a perfectly flat surface is required, then a hydrovapor barrier is laid on this ideal screed.

A substrate made of moisture-resistant plywood is mounted on the laid hydrovapor barrier, then this substrate is sanded.

The next step is gluing strips of piece parquet, then the strips are sanded and varnished.

In accordance with the right technology, the parquet must be cut and sealed around the perimeter of the room before installing the skirting board.

So imagine the amount of work and you will understand why the price of parquet installation is high.

But a well-laid parquet, with proper care, lasts more than 50 years.

Radial parquet

According to the method of manufacture, i.e. according to the method of sawing a tree, parquet is of three types.

Radial parquet is made of solid wood, which was sawn strictly along the axis of the tree, i.e. along the radius.

The wood pattern of such a parquet is homogeneous, it looks like narrow parallel lines.

The floor itself, after laying the parquet, looks homogeneous, a single whole.

The floor is very durable, but the price of such parquet is the most expensive.

Tangential parquet

If the cut is made tangentially to the annual rings, then tangential parquet is obtained from such blanks.

This is a parquet with a clearly defined pattern, in this pattern the entire natural structure of the tree is visible.

Mixed parquet

Mixed parquet is also called mixed, because it includes radial and tangential lamellas.

Naturally, when laying the floor, the floor is not as uniform and smooth as when laying parquet with identical lamellas.

Size of parquet slabs

Parquet dies have standard sizes.

The length of the dies is from 210 to 490 mm., The thickness is from 15 to 22 mm., The width is from 50 to 70 mm.

During operation, the parquet is scraped once every 6-8 years.

The service life of your parquet directly depends on the working layer of this parquet, it should be at least 6-7.5 mm.

Since scraping involves the removal of a thin surface layer of wood, which is subject to wear during operation.

Scraping allows you to level the surface.

Separation of parquet by grades

Parquet is divided into grades depending on the quality and texture of wood. Very often, manufacturers have their own names for parquet grades and products of the same quality can be called differently.

Below we list the main types of parquet:

Radial is a parquet of a necessarily radial cut, of the highest quality. This parquet does not allow any flaws in the wood and mechanical damage;

Select - also high-quality wood is the basis of the parquet, but the cuts can be both radial and tangential, color shades are possible, but the texture is uniform;

Standard (structures, prime, extra). Wood of the highest grade, but has a different cut - accordingly, there are color differences, it can have live knots with a diameter of no more than 3 mm;

Natur (option), radial and tangential wood sawing, has a pronounced natural wood pattern. Perhaps the presence of sapwood (outer young active layers of wood), knots up to 3 mm, veins. Mechanical damage is not allowed;

Rustic (rustic). It has a colorful, patterned pattern, a variety of color variations. Dark and light knots are possible, up to 5 mm in diameter, black knots that can fall out (no more than 20 mm), cracks and up to 10% of sapwood.

Distinctive features of parquet from various types of wood

The modern construction market, in abundance, has parquet from various types of wood.

The leader on the Russian market is oak parquet. Oak parquet has a gray-brown to yellowish-brown color. Brinell hardness reaches 3.9.

Brinell hardness is determined by indenting a metal ball into the surface of the wood material, then checking the depth of indentation.

Oak parquet is highly durable, resistant to decay and moisture changes.

Traditional parquets include maple parquet, its hardness is 3.4, its color ranges from white to yellow and reddish.

Larch parquet - hardness 2.5, color from yellowish white to reddish brown. This parquet is of medium hardness, resistant to decay, but prone to cracking.

Teak parquet - hardness 3.5, color from brown to golden brown. Wood is resistant to decay, has increased water resistance. Such parquet can be laid even in the bathroom.

Ash parquet - hardness 3.5, color yellowish white. The wood is harder than oak, but more elastic.

Beech parquet - hardness 3.8, light color with reddish yellow. Wood very quickly absorbs moisture, is able to dry out strongly, and easily splits.

Cherry parquet - hardness 3.3, color pink with shades, has high hardness, density and elasticity, but when the humidity changes, the wood is not stable.

Pear parquet - hardness 3, color from light pinkish-beige to brownish. It has dense wood, it is well processed, it dries out a little, and it lasts a long time in a dry environment.

Exotic wood parquet available: amaranth parquet, hardness 5, has bright color, from purplish pink to purple. The wood is hard, dense, long-lasting outdoors and in water.

Wenge parquet - hardness 4.2, color from coffee to black. Very decorative wood, hard, heavy. Lacquered very hard.

Merbau parquet - hardness 4, reddish-brown color, similar in properties to oak.

Olive wood parquet - hardness 5.5, color greenish to reddish brown. It has high hardness and density, is durable, good in processing, dries out a little.

Beech, cherry, cherry and pear parquets are considered the most capricious, since they require a humidity of at least 40-50%.

The most stable species are those that contain natural oil in their composition - teak and merbau parquet.

Ways of laying parquet

There are a huge number of options for laying piece parquet.

The simplest pattern is the “deck” or “run-up” pattern - in this case, the lamellas are laid parallel to each other.

In Russia, the laying of parquet "herringbone" is popular, since the deformation of the coating laid in this way is minimal.

The laying of a straight square "Vietnamese" has become widespread - this is an interlacing of longitudinal and transverse dies.

This installation is also resistant to deformation.

Types of protective (finish) coating of parquet

The protective coating for parquet is usually varnish or oil.

More resistant is varnish coating.

It is better when this varnishing is carried out already at the factory. The factory coating is heavy-duty for up to 10 years, such parquet is easier and cheaper to install.

But if the parquet is varnished after laying, then it is protected not only working surface lamellas but also joints.

Oil treatment of parquet emphasizes the beauty of wood, thereby achieving the effect of open pores.

The range of floor coverings is increasing almost every day. Manufacturers are trying in every possible way to persuade us to buy this or that material, endowing it with new, unique, "perfect" characteristics. The competition is huge. It is not terrible only for truly high-quality products, to which, without unnecessary exaggeration, parquet can be attributed. Parquet flooring is a wonderful decoration for any living space; it is always prestige and durability. People prefer wood for its qualities such as naturalness and warmth. In addition, it is able to warm and ennoble any interior - from minimalist to extreme. The latest technology production, features of tree species, a variety of laying methods limitlessly expand the decorative possibilities of parquet. But remember, this material is alive, it is not a set-and-forget tile. Regular maintenance of your hardwood floor is extremely important.

Attention to the microclimate

Parquet is natural, environmentally friendly, which means it breathes. With an increase in humidity in the room, it increases in size, swells, warps. The dryness of the air provokes the drying of the coating, the manifestation of cracks and crevices. That is why it is worth noting that high-quality moisture protection plays an important role even at the stage of parquet laying.

A gap of about one centimeter should be left around the perimeter of the coating. It is filled with a sealant (elastic) - the agent will allow the parquet to expand with changes in temperature and humidity conditions.

Seasonal fluctuations in the size of parquet planks are a natural thing and inherent to a greater or lesser extent to everyone without exception. tree species. It is worth noting that there will be no particular problems with oak, ash, walnut and maple in this regard, but the “exotics” will certainly show themselves in all their glory.

But is it possible to somehow weaken this process? Certainly! Ensuring control over indoor air humidity is half the battle. Parquet should be operated at a relative humidity not exceeding 60%; optimal temperature regime 15-25 degrees.

winter period

Begins heating season and the air in the room, of course, "dry". The dies are compressed - gaps are formed between them. Stop panic! In the spring, the air will again be filled with moisture, the gaps between the planks will disappear.

Oh, do you want the cracks not to bother you even in winter? This means that additional moisture will be required. For this purpose, it is best to purchase a portable device, and even better (if possible) - to build a humidifier in ventilation system. If you don't let the 45% humidity drop, no cracks will appear.

A hygrometer will help you monitor the humidity level in your home. From excessively dry air, by the way, human well-being can deteriorate.

Summer season

In warm, rainy summers, indoor relative humidity reaches 95%. The tree, absorbing moisture, expands. Excess moisture in the air, even in a few days, can “bring” the parquet to the “boat” effect - the edges of the planks rise above the center. Something similar can be observed after flooding the floor with water (which was not removed in a timely manner and managed to soak). As the humidity drops, the slats begin to straighten out slowly.

In warm countries with consistently high humidity (India, Indonesia, certain regions of China), it is for this reason that a completely different parquet flooring technology is used: a polished and oiled coating is laid on a substrate without glue (loose flooring); against the walls they press him.

The main enemies of parquet flooring

So, based on the foregoing, we can safely assume that the worst enemy of parquet is water in all its manifestations (both in a “pure” form and in the form of particles suspended in the air). Liquid spilled on the coating must be removed immediately. When cleaning the parquet, the rag must be thoroughly wrung out until it is slightly damp. Washing vacuum cleaners in the care of parquet are not your helpers.

Now about the group of "enemies" that create scratches on the parquet. This includes pets, furniture, and, of course, the main subject of women's pride - high-heeled shoes (stilettos). Animals break the integrity of the surface with their claws, so "cat-dog manicure" should become a regular procedure.

For furniture legs, it is worth purchasing special linings (felt, rubber); this applies in particular to chairs, armchairs, coffee tables(movable interior elements). Women's shoes, and indeed any shoes with heels - this is a special topic for conversation. If you don’t want to know what scratches from shoes look like, try to be more demanding of yourself and your guests - change your shoes yourself and change your friends’ shoes. One more thing. Under no circumstances should you drop heavy, “clumsy-looking” objects on the parquet! Of course, none of us is immune from the will of chance, but accuracy and vigilance will not interfere.

Our next "opponents" are dirt, dust, sand. They are able to turn a shiny, mirror-perfect coating into a scratched gray. Dust can clog in the pores of the wood. A large accumulation of dust and dirt and rare, improper cleaning will lead to the fact that clogged particles will have to be removed along with the entire top layer, which means that you will have to “recover” from scratch. In order to protect yourself from the multiplication of sand in the apartment, it is worth spreading rugs at the entrance to the house (apartment) and in the hallway. Keep them clean.

Remember that even if all the rooms are carpeted, you can not be naive to assume that the flooring is one hundred percent protected. After all, the sand is just under them and will accumulate in the first place, especially if you allow yourself the weakness to walk shod. Sole - main source grains of sand.

Rules for the care of parquet

As you know, parquet is protected from above by several layers of varnish/oil-wax mixture. In general, caring for this coating is the process of maintaining a parquet floor.

Lacquered parquet

Here the rules are:

after the end of varnishing, for about the first two weeks, parquet care should consist in collecting dust with a vacuum cleaner, then wet cleaning can already be connected to the vacuum cleaner;
the rollers of chairs and chairs (if any) must be special, incapable of damaging the coating;
wipe the floors with a soft cotton cloth, clean with a conventional vacuum cleaner or a hair brush;
abrasive materials should not be used for cleaning;
also unacceptable hard objects - after all, this will inevitably damage the varnish layer: as a result, dirt and moisture will penetrate the tree;
You can effectively get rid of contaminants with the help of special means- the so-called "cleaners". Their uniqueness lies in the chemical neutrality in relation to the varnish. All major manufacturers of parquet chemistry have such products in their assortment. Ideally, if the cleaner you purchase is the brainchild of the same company as the varnish used to protect the parquet.
you should not put “cleaning experiments” on the coating: wash the floor with dishwashing detergent, gasoline, alcohol, paint thinner;
a thorough manual or machine cleaning of the parquet floor should be carried out only according to “serious indications”: if there are strong, hardened dirt that cannot be removed in the usual way;
the varnish layer must be updated periodically. Once every five to eight years, the parquet is polished and re-polished.

How often should care products be applied?

On the "territory" of the apartment, funds are applied as needed - about once every two to three months. In offices, corridors, stairs - monthly or even every two weeks. In institutions where there is an increased load (shops, cafes, schools) - weekly. In places where the load is extreme - very often; it is difficult to talk about specific dates, the main thing is that the thinnest protective layer on the coating always remains.

To preserve the varnish "protective barrier", wax-containing polishes and special odorless preparations diluted with water are mainly used.

Unlike varnishes, parquet oils do not form a thick outer film - they just fill the pores of the wood. They prevent the penetration of moisture and various contaminants deep into the fibers. Restoring oiled parquet is as easy as shelling pears: regrinding of the entire surface area (which is inevitable in the case of a varnish coating) is not required - it is enough to treat the damaged areas.

Oil coating is convenient, first of all, for its ultra-fast recovery. Usually a day is enough. This the best way for finishing parquet in commercial, entertainment and other establishments that cannot afford a long downtime. Service oil coating in many ways similar to varnish - all the same dry and wet cleaning.

It is worth noting that floors, oil or wax coatings need more frequent and more thorough maintenance than varnished ones.

Typical damage and how to eliminate them

Problem #1 - color change

This phenomenon may be due to intense sunlight. Wood of different species behaves differently under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. When choosing parquet, keep this in mind. Some species (for example, cherry) ripen faster. This means that the darkening of such parquet will occur quickly.

Changing the color of the coating is a completely natural and logical process. Cover a certain area of the floor in the room with a carpet. Remove it after a certain period of time. You will notice the difference in tone.

Problem #2 - Discoloration and Staining

So parquet can react to various substances - detergents, water, pet urine. Remember, spills must be cleaned up immediately! Parquet care products containing ammonia are not suitable!

Solution- sanding, varnishing. Individual parquet slabs may need to be replaced.

Problem #3 - cracking

It's all about dry air. For the winter period, this phenomenon is permissible. After some time after turning off the heating, the problem should disappear.

Solution- control of humidity and air temperature in rooms.

Problem # 4 - the appearance of wave-like cracks

The process can be observed after the parquet is laid or varnished. This is the result of the movement of the tree. The defect is typical for some types of wood (for example, oak). It is impossible to remove it.

Solution- since this is a natural phenomenon, then either put up with it or replace the defective dies.

Problem #5 - Slat Swelling

This is the result:

the harmful effects of high humidity;
insufficient shift between plank joints in adjacent rows;
insufficient expansion gap.

Solution- high-quality waterproofing is necessary. The expansion gap must have the size provided by the laying technology. End connections in adjacent rows should not match.

Problem #6 - Excessively tight tongue and groove

Perhaps the fact is that the package was opened too early and the boards had time to swell. Among other reasons: manufacturing defects, the use of low-quality tools during the installation process.

Solution- laying should be interrupted. If you note a clear manufacturing defect, the parts must be replaced. For the installation of parquet, use only special tools and fixtures. You can lightly sand the tongues. If cracks appear in an already laid parquet, the coating should be sanded, puttied and re-varnished.

Summary and conclusions

Summarizing all of the above, we can conclude that caring for parquet is a rather multifaceted process, one might even say, multi-stage. Primary care - compliance with the optimal temperature and humidity conditions. General care - protecting the parquet from mechanical damage by means of rugs and all kinds of gaskets. Regular maintenance - removal of dust, dirt, use of cleaning concentrates and aerosols. Intensive care - periodic application of "protection".

Of all floor coverings, parquet is the smartest investment you can make. Such a choice will only emphasize your practicality and excellent taste. Do not be too lazy to follow all the rules for laying and operating parquet, take care of it regularly and with high quality, and you will feel how durable the product can be if you treat it correctly. The feeling of comfort and reliability under your feet is priceless! Take care of him!

The heyday of parquet art began in medieval Europe, at a time when palaces, castles and houses acquired type-setting wooden floors. Unconditional superiority in this kind of art belonged to France.

The use of various types of wood prompted the craftsmen to create colored parquet floor patterns. Panel flooring technology has opened up opportunities for wide application artistic parquet.

Parquet is laid after all work related to moistening and contamination of coatings. It spreads on a concrete base, which is leveled with a special compound, the so-called level-mass. The moisture content of the base for laying parquet should not exceed 5%. The parquet is glued directly onto a leveled concrete base or subfloors made of board, plywood or chipboard.

How to choose the right parquet?

When decorating a room, it is necessary to take into account not only the practical properties of the material, but also the texture of the wood, its color. The choice of flooring affects the entire interior as a whole. Light parquet will make the room more spacious, warm, dark parquet will give it an official look.

Natural wood parquet floors are classified by types of blanks, they are industrial or individual production.

The main types of parquet: piece parquet, artistic parquet, parquet board, panel parquet.

Block parquet- these are homogeneous planks, or staves, from valuable wood. The planks have a ridge on two rib sides, and a groove on the other two. They are released in pairs, with right and left crests. Thanks to this, it is possible to carry out a reliable joint in all directions. High-quality piece parquet consists entirely of hard precious woods, it has a long service life. The large thickness allows you to repeatedly process the floors as they wear out and return them to their original appearance.

With the help of piece parquet, you can lay out almost any pattern on the floor. Excellent quality characteristics brought him well-deserved popularity. Piece parquet easily combines beauty and luxury, durability, warmth.

Piece parquet is laid with straight squares, expanded squares, straight lines, carpet, herringbone, with and without a frieze (decorative edging of parquet around the perimeter of the room).

Block parquet laying technology

When laying parquet in a straight square, the planks are placed parallel to the walls of the room, they almost do not have to be cut. When laying the parquet with an expanded square, the planks are placed to the walls of the room at an angle of 45 °. An expanded square can be done in a waste-free way. But for this you have to cut a lot of planks that serve as fillings for triangles.

When drawing up a plan for laying piece parquet in the form of squares, lay out a strip of planks along the width of the room. Planks should be chosen in such a length that there is the least amount of waste. With the correct laying plan, the ends of the planks have to be sawn off only at one of the short sides of the room (at the end of the laying).

Laying straight pattern parquet is quite simple, so a laying plan is not required. In order not to mow the first row of parquet, the cord must be pulled along the long axis of the room. Parquet planks can be used in any length, but the width must be the same.

The advantage of the herringbone laying method is the ability to use parquet of different sizes for wall extensions, parquet planks are cut only at right angles. The only drawback of this method is the complexity of the mechanical scraping of the finished floor: passing through the parquet strip across the direction of the fibers, you can ruin the parquet. Before laying herringbone strip parquet with or without friezes, it is necessary to lay out the rows of flooring so that there is as little waste as possible when laying the parquet.

Art parquet. Laying artistic parquet

Art parquet is an ornamental composition, a kind of mosaic, an intricate drawing consisting of a set of individual elements made on the basis of a combination of different types of wood, differing in color, shape and texture. With the help of individual fragments, adjusted to each other with extreme precision, it is possible to reproduce the most complex patterns and patterns.

Huge decorative and pictorial possibilities of artistic parquet make it possible to bring any ideas to life, designate the functional or aesthetic center of the room, correctly place accents and play with details.

For the manufacture of artistic parquet, both European wood species and a number of exotic species are used. In the manufacture of parquet, companies are guided by special compatibility scales. It indicates which rocks are most consistent with each other in terms of hardness and hygroscopicity.

In the manufacture of artistic parquet, technologies are used to most accurately recreate the shape of each element. Possessing excellent performance characteristics, such as environmental friendliness, wear resistance, it surpasses all other floor coverings in beauty.

Often, artistic parquet is understood as exclusively exclusive floors. But the range of solutions offered is much wider: these are modules for creating floors with a repeating geometric or artistic pattern, borders and rosettes. Exquisite artistic parquet can be made even by embedding small elements into ordinary piece parquet. There are two main techniques for creating artistic parquet.

Marquetry- This is a mosaic image made by gluing figured plywood plates from various types of wood to the subfloor. In marquetry, you can add plates of ivory, mother-of-pearl and metal.

intarsia. Artistic elements, inserts of a different color or plates from another material (for example, bronze, bone, mother-of-pearl) are inserted into the main body of wood, but not to the full depth.

Both methods allow you to create magnificent examples of parquet art. Their choice depends on the preferences of the masters and your wishes, but there are still some limitations: in the manufacture of very complex patterns, they try to use the marquetry technique.

Artistic parquet is mounted in much the same way as piece parquet, only the elements are fastened together with adhesives. The base is carefully leveled, soil, glue are applied to the subfloor, then plywood is laid. It is sanded and covered with primer, then with glue, and finally, parquet details are laid.

The assembled parquet is carefully polished. Grinding is carried out in several stages, it is recommended to start it no earlier than 6-7 days after laying. The glue dries for quite a long time, the solvent contained in it can cause some deformation, the thickness of the adhesive layer may change.

The surface of the finished floor must be immaculately flat and smooth, the parquet must fit snugly against the base, not sag when pressed and not creak.

Quite a lot of time passes between the creation of a sketch of a future parquet panel and the implementation of ideas. It depends on the experience of the masters and the degree of exclusivity of the order.

Parquet rosettes, or medallions, are an ornamental or plot composition made of various types of wood, decorative element round, oval, square or polygonal shape. It carries a semantic load and focuses attention on itself, it can be the only element of decor and looks great in combination with piece parquet. Sockets fit perfectly into the interior of richly decorated classic rooms, they can be located both in the center of the room and in any part of it, becoming the dominant feature of a certain functional area. The socket located in the center of the room will carry the functional load of the main zone. Typically, the outlet is tied to some significant element of the interior, such as a ceiling lamp.

Parquet sockets may contain a mosaic pattern - a geometric or floral ornament, an image of an animal, a mythological plot, a family coat of arms. For classicism, strict symmetry, straight lines, repetition of the same simple motif are suitable. Art Nouveau style is smooth and curved lines, asymmetrical flower arrangements, figures of women in flowing clothes. Ethnic style- any national theme, the use of national and tribal ornaments, religious images.

Sockets can be built into an existing parquet floor, into a parquet board covering. This is an easy way to create additional effects in a room.

Module- this is an assembly element of parts of various geometric shapes and different types of wood, laid in the form of a pattern. The use of modules significantly reduces the time of parquet laying and ensures high quality of work. Regardless of the arrangement of furniture, the modules allow you to tie together the interior of a large room, combine different parts of the room into an ensemble. The decorative effect of modules made of the same type of wood is based on the play of light in the fibers of parts located in different directions with respect to light sources.

Border is a multifunctional element with a periodically repeating pattern along the length, an effective way to create an artistic parquet. It fits well into any design and adds a finishing touch to parquet installation. Borders highlight and also separate the functional areas in the room. They can visually change the scale and its geometric proportions.

Borders are placed along the perimeter of the premises or along the facade of the furniture. The width of the border depends on the size of the room, the type of parquet flooring and the style of the interior.

Curly insert- This is the simplest decorative element. A figured insert from another type of wood cuts into the entire depth of the plank; the drawings obtained in this way are used as long as the parquet itself. Parquet planks with figured inserts will create the mood of one or another in the interior. architectural style, they must match the theme of the room. This is the best solution for creating a mood in the interior at minimal cost.

Stacked parquet(panel parquet) consists of modules (prefabricated unit of the pattern), repeating with a certain frequency and sequence.

Parquet board. Laying parquet board

Parquet board is a natural floor covering. A parquet board sheet is a three-layer structure consisting of a stabilizing bottom layer, a core and a top layer (hard valuable wood covered with layers of high-strength varnish). In the manufacture of parquet boards, wood is carefully selected according to the degree of uniformity.

The parquet board is easy to lay. Boards up to 15 mm thick can be laid as a floating floor, thicker boards are fastened with nails.

The parquet board serves for a long time, as it wears out, it is polished.

Parquet boards varnished at the factory do not require additional processing. Their laying should be carried out carefully so as not to damage the finishing layer.

Parquet boards consist of a base, a square board, which is made of boards or fiberboard. A front layer of small planks of hardwood is glued onto it. Panel parquet supplied in ready-made, with a front surface covered with parquet varnish.

➠ A parquet floor requires careful treatment, such a coating is most often laid in residential buildings or in public places with low attendance.

Ways of laying parquet

There are several ways to lay parquet.

Laying parquet on glue. The subfloor must be level, solid, clean and dry. There should be no cracks in the concrete base, and subfloors made of boards, plywood, chipboard should be well attached to the base. In old wooden floors it is necessary to exclude rot, they should not creak. The temperature in the room before parquet laying, during parquet work and after its completion is at least 18 °C. To achieve normal thermal and humidity conditions in the room, it must be heated and ventilated for at least a month before laying the parquet. The glue is evenly distributed over the surface of the base with a spatula. When gluing a thin wooden floor, the water contained in the adhesive may cause warping. Adhesive manufacturer's instructions must be followed strictly.

After finishing laying, it is advisable not to use the parquet for at least a day. But if there are doubts about the complete gluing of the parquet to the base, then an hour after laying, you need to go through such an area and lightly knock on the surface - the presence of voids under the parquet is determined by the sound. It is necessary to put a weight on these places.

The laying of parquet on bituminous mastics is mainly carried out on a screed. The screed is cleaned of dirt and mortar, dust and debris are removed. Then you should check the horizontalness of the screed and how flat its surface is. Concrete and cement-sand screeds are repaired with cement mortar. After that, the base is primed with special adhesive compositions. Laying parquet begins with drawing up a plan for each room separately.

Laying parquet on cold mastics usually start from the wall farthest from the entrance, but you can also from the middle of the floor. If the laying of the parquet starts from the wall, then the ends of the parquet planks of the wall row are preliminarily cut at an angle of 45°. The first row of parquet planks is laid strictly at an angle of 45 ° with a distance of 1-2 cm from the wall.

Laying parquet on hot mastic starts immediately after application. Cooling, the mastic thickens, and it is difficult to adjust the parquet planks along it.

During the laying of the parquet, the temperature of the hot mastic must be at least 160 °C. Maintaining the desired temperature is ensured by the use of electric thermoses. Hot mastic is applied to the base in sections and only for two or three parquet planks. Excess hardened mastic is cut out and reheated.

After laying the parquet is kept for at least three days. Only after that they start cycling.

Floating parquet laying. In this case, the parquet floor should not be attached to the base. The base must be even, solid, clean, dry. If the room is square, then the parquet boards are laid in length in the direction of the incident light.

Despite its three-layer structure, such parquet can expand and contract to a certain extent, depending on external climatic changes. As a rule, square and rectangular rooms up to 250 m2 can be covered as a single structure. Parquet laid in a square pattern can have an area of up to 75 m2, and the area of parquet laid in a herringbone pattern should not exceed 30-40 m2.

More complex parquets are best laid on several independent areas with expansion gaps between them. If several parquets are to be laid without expansion gaps, the parquet board (square pattern or herringbone pattern) must be glued to the substrate. This method reduces the natural movement of wood; it can be used to create special parquet patterns when parquet boards are laid in different directions.

Not only the appearance, but also the life of the floor depends on the quality of the selected material. Properly selected material should provide it with an excellent appearance throughout its entire service life. In the future, your health and the health of your loved ones will depend on the environmental friendliness of the selected materials.

How to take care of the package?

All types of parquet require intensive initial care, and parquets coated with natural oil are processed after laying. Oiled parquet needs more intensive care, it is slightly more expensive than lacquered parquet, but more durable and looks more natural.

A broom or a vacuum cleaner is sufficient for regular maintenance of oiled parquet. Only if necessary, the parquet can be wet cleaned, but only with a slightly damp cloth. It is recommended to oil parquet covered with natural oil once a year. The properties of the oils used are different, before buying it is worth studying the manufacturer's instructions and consulting with the seller.

Direct contact with water on the parquet is unacceptable.

Tarkett is a versatile and stylish parquet board. This is parquet without any restrictions in terms of load, style, material texture and color. Affordable prices give the products of this brand the opportunity to take a leading position in the competition for the mass consumer. The Tarkett product catalog allows you to quickly find a ready-made solution for any room interior, which is why it is a reference book for the designer of construction companies. Tarkett offers customers a choice of one- and three-strip parquets with wide and narrow chamfers. They are made using a durable three-layer technology with reliable locking and have a durable varnish coating. Parquet boards are universal and can be used in any type of premises. We bring to your attention a description of the most popular series of parquet products made in Serbia from local wood.

Parquet series Salsa

The principle of providing people with the best natural products is an old tradition, and it is implemented in the "family" series Salsa - the first most popular range of parquet boards. She gives the tenants that natural freshness and the warmth with which the tree was charged from the bright Sun and mountain air. For the manufacture of parquet boards, natural oak, walnut, acacia, beech, wenge, ash, campas, jatoba, mahogany, merbau are used. This wood requires little processing and has a long service life of up to 30 years. The wood is protected by a multi-layer Proteco type lacquer. Three-strip boards have a width of 194 mm and a thickness of 14 mm. Profile locks T-Lock of end connection of boards provide their dense and reliable coupling. They exclude creaking and free play in the joints of the parquet. The top layer of the board with a thickness of 3.6 mm allows repeated scraping. The packaging of the parquet set is a stack of 2283 mm long, including 6 boards, designed to cover an area of 2.658 square meters. m.

Parquet series Salsa Art (formerly Flamenco)

Even the ideal natural colors, which are inherent in Tarkett parquet, can be modified and enriched with their palette. Our designers and craftsmen showed this by presenting a unique series of products called Flamenco. This line of parquet boards subsequently changed its name for marketing reasons to Salsa Art. Not having a hint of the source material in their name, the boards of this series focus the buyer's attention on the design itself, the color and texture solution of each model of the series. This gave them the edge to quickly define their niche in the consumer market. finishing materials and finding their customers. By choosing boards from the Salsa Art series, lacquered by Proteco, the buyer receives a product quality guarantee from the manufacturer of the goods for 30 years of operation. The series has no analogues in terms of total cost, practicality and beauty. The outer layer, 3.6 mm thick, is made of precious wood and protected with varnish. The total thickness of the board is 14 mm, width - 194 mm, length - 2283 mm, boards are packed in 6 pieces with a total area of 2.658 square meters. m.

Parquet series Tango

The manufacturing technology of Tarkett parquet boards involves the selection of exclusively mature wood specimens and careful processing of wood in order to obtain the desired shade and spectacular texture pattern. For the Tango series, mahogany, jatoba, ash, merbau and oak are used. High-quality single-strip boards with a reliable protective coating are produced on modern machines from these types of wood. The Tango series harmonizes perfectly with a variety of interior styles, does not require a lot of installation time. Single-strip boards have a length of 2215 mm, a width of 164 mm, and a thickness of 14 mm. The outer layer of 3.6 mm allows repeated scraping of the surface. Sold in packs of 2.18 sq. m.

In addition, parquet lends itself perfectly to repair and renovation, link You can order scraping parquet at an affordable price.

Parquet row Tango Art

The elite Tango Art series has a high quality of rare wood tinting and is designed for refined interior premises of exclusive apartments. Contrasting models of the series complement well the design of offices, hallways and living rooms. The harmonious colors of the White Moscow, Gray London or Purple Tokyo models fit perfectly into the pastel interior of the bedrooms. Tango Art 1-Strip boards are supplied in packs of 2.18 square meters. m., which contain 14 mm boards measuring 2215x164 mm. The thickness of the top layer is 3.6 mm.

Parquet row Samba

It is no coincidence that the name of the series is borrowed from the Latin American folk dance, expressing a variety of outfits and movements. The style of the Samba series models is also varied and stands out from other Tarkett series. The main materials of this series are ash, beech, merbau, mahogany and oak. The 5-Tech multi-layer lacquer provides durable protection for the parquet surface. Reliable locks using T-Lock technology provide simple and quick laying, and convenient dimensions of 1123x194x14 mm simplify the transportation of three-strip boards. Democratic prices are designed for the mass consumer.