Install a split system with your own. How to install the air conditioner in the apartment. What you need for self-assembly

A split system for indoor air conditioning is a more complex system than a conventional air conditioner. But it is worth noting that installing a split system with your own hands is a completely feasible process for each owner of this device.

Installation instructions

Installation instructions for split systems include the following items:

Choosing a location for the system.
Installation of air conditioner.
Installation of the internal system compartment.
First, test run.

Of course, today there are many specialized companies involved in the installation and maintenance of indoor air conditioning systems. But most owners, in order to save money, prefer to mount the device on their own on site, and subsequently engage in its maintenance, all this is possible, even if before that you had no skills and did not encounter this equipment. It's just worth considering one factor when you install and configure a new system yourself, keep in mind that the store warranty for such equipment will no longer apply.

Selecting a location for the system

The air conditioning system must be located in a place that will not be cluttered up later. Air intakes and air distribution openings must be fully accessible.

outdoor and indoor unit and should preferably be at the same level. If this is not feasible, then the maximum allowable height difference should be no more than 5 meters.

As for the wall on which you will hang the blocks, it must be sufficiently even and strong in order to withstand the considerable weight of the structure. That is why you should avoid installing an air conditioner on interior partitions.

The rules for installing split systems completely exclude direct sunlight to the indoor unit of the device. The condenser grid itself must be completely protected from direct rays. If the installed outdoor unit will be located on the roof, then its front side should be turned to the shady side.

It is also necessary to provide for the conditions for the installation of a drainage system, through which the condensate formed during the operation of the installation will be discharged to the outdoor unit.

The plastic used most often for the indoor unit is very sensitive to known fluorescent lamps, so it is desirable to install the device in a location that is far away from them.

And one more important condition. The inner compartment must be at least 1 meter from microwave oven, since the radiation emitted by the microwave during operation adversely affects the operation of the installation and causes interference.

Selecting a location for the outdoor unit

When installing the outer compartment, the most important thing is a strong mount. The wall must be flat, the fasteners in the form of special brackets must be installed in such a way as to dampen the vibration that occurs during the operation of the device as much as possible.

It is necessary to carry out the installation of the split system yourself so that outer part the system was located in a place accessible for subsequent installation and maintenance work. Of course, all air intakes should not be forced by anything.

Installation of air conditioner

Before proceeding with the installation of the air conditioner, you need to take care of the availability of the necessary funds. You will need the following tool for installing split systems:

drilling hammer;
pipe cutter;
flaring tool;
pump;
a device that measures the pressure in a liquid.

Installation of the device includes the following operations:

Initially, you should open the front panel and unscrew the screws from the cover that closes the electrical box, it must be pulled out.
An electrical cable is connected to the unit and the cover is put in place. A couple of useful notes, the unit itself should not be lower than 2m 30 cm from the floor surface, the socket should be close to the element, and have a ground connection.

Installation of the drainage system

The drain hose must run under connecting pipe. It should not twist or bend. In the future, the hose must be wrapped with heat-insulating materials. Where the drainage route runs close to the wall, it is advisable to lay inserts from thermal insulation material. And the track itself is usually wrapped with felt tape.

Be sure to check the reliability of the connection of the joints of the drainage system, as this can subsequently lead to leaks. Next, the pipe is passed through a hole in the wall, and the block, which will be located indoors, is hung on the wall.

Experts are advised to adhere to the following restrictions when connecting a pipe line. On the inside, the number of possible bends in the route should not exceed 10 in total. The radius of the most possible bend should not exceed 10 cm.

The cap on the evaporator tube must only be removed immediately before installation work. First, air is released, then the nut on the connecting tube of the evaporator is unscrewed. Oil must be applied to the joint.

Hole tightness

Independent installation of a split system must be accompanied by careful sealing of all docking holes. It all starts with sealing the hole in the wall. For this, the usual standard putty is suitable.

The drainage pipe is usually tightly fixed with a special clamp. With regard to the electrical connection and the cable connecting the units for data transmission, they must be connected in accordance with a special diagram. Usually it is attached to the device passport. Depending on the type of installation and the manufacturer, the connection must also be made.

The cable and data line are connected to the appropriate terminals, which are usually marked with different colors. The cables connecting the two units must also be secured with a special clamp.

During the installation process, be sure to pay attention to the following factors:

The electrical unit must be securely fixed and closed. If this condition is not met, then the risk of injury increases. electric shock or elementary fire, since dust, dirt or water can easily get inside.
The electrical connection cable must under no circumstances be connected to the cold pipe. The cable through which the freon passes heats up during the operation of the installation, so their contact should be excluded.

How to bleed air

Do-it-yourself installation of a split system implies that you will also have to bring the system itself into working condition with your own hands. Initially, you need to get rid of the airiness of the system. To do this, you need to bleed air from the system.

The nut of the service pipe, as well as the plugs on the liquid and gas valves, must be unscrewed.
To do this, it is necessary to turn the gas valve by 90 degrees with an ordinary hexagon. counterclock-wise. After counting about 10 s. turn back and close it. Then apply a normal soapy solution to check for gaseous leaks.
If you did not find any leaks, repeat the procedure again, but after 10 seconds do not close it back, but press the fitting to service work. Steam should come out, indicating that air has begun to escape from the system.

Extra Freon charge

The maximum length of the connecting hoses through which freon moves must not exceed 7 meters. But in the case when another installation of the system is impossible for one reason or another, it is necessary to increase the length of the route for the refrigerant. In this case, a mandatory refueling of freon into the system will be required.

When all the work has been completed and, if necessary, additional charging of freon into the system has been made, the next step will be the need to make a trial run of the installation.

It is advisable to take care of your own safety before this action. Pressing the forced start button will start the system. Sometimes the system makes a double sound when it is turned on. sound signal. This indicates that you can control the device using the item remote control. In order to check its operation, you should also alternately press the buttons on the remote control.

Before considering how to install a split system yourself, you should know how it differs from a conventional air conditioner. The principle of operation of these systems is the operation of two interconnected blocks. One is installed indoors and the other is outdoors. They can both cool, and vice versa, heat the room. All systems have small dimensions and noise reduction.

The main nuances when installing a split system

The long service life, as well as the efficient operation of the system, directly depend on how correctly the equipment is installed. You can install the system on your own. The most important thing is not to rush and carefully understand the schemes. It is important when performing installation work not to damage the copper tubes connecting the blocks to each other and ensuring their efficient operation. These elements are designed for refrigerant - freon.

To begin with, it does not hurt to know how the system works. To cool the air, freon will flow from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit, which is located in the room. The included fan provides a strong stream of the cooled air which normalizes temperature in the room or office.

To remove the resulting condensate, a special drainage tube is used, which extends from the unit located indoors. It is quite possible to take her out into the street.

Before you install the equipment, you need to choose the right one. Like air conditioners, split systems differ in power, so when choosing equipment, you must take into account the following factors:

the area of the room in which the system will be installed;
type of indoor unit - floor-ceiling, wall-mounted, cassette or multi-zone.
absence or presence of forced ventilation in the room.

Required Tool

To improve the quality of work, it is desirable to prepare in advance necessary tools so as not to be distracted during the installation process. So in order to install the outdoor unit, as well as the indoor unit of the device, you will need:

copper tubes having a diameter of 0.25 and 0.5 inches;
electric cable, section 1.5 mm;
drainage hose - diameter 16mm;
insulation for connecting copper tubes;
dowel nails;
plugs;
perforator;
Vacuum pump;
drill with a diameter of 55 mm;
rolling.

The first stage of device installation

Before starting installation work, you need to decide where to install the split system. To determine the most optimal location, it is worth considering several factors.

In no case should the indoor unit of the system be installed where air circulation is limited. This is possible due to closely spaced cabinets, curtains or partitions.
The distance between the equipment and the nearest obstacle should not be less than 1 meter, since the cold air, reflected from it, will quickly return back without changing its temperature. Because of this, the system will quickly turn off, considering that the desired temperature regime reached.
It is advisable to locate the indoor unit of the system away from the place where people spend most of their time.

It is not difficult to install a split system yourself, the main thing is to observe the correct operation during installation. So, when fixing the outdoor unit, you need to carefully monitor the following:

it was located on a flat surface, and there were no sources of heat or steam nearby;
the block was installed strictly horizontally, therefore, when fastening to the surface, it is advisable to use the building level;
the unit located outside cannot be mounted close to the wall. The distance between the device and the wall must not be less than 10 cm. The air must circulate freely in the space left.

During the installation of the indoor unit, the following rules should be observed:

when installing the unit, make sure so that it is located strictly horizontally, without slopes;
try to keep the distance between outdoor and indoor unit;
do not install the equipment close to the ceiling or near sources of steam or heat.

So, when the place is chosen, you can proceed directly to installation work. Start with electrical wiring. The split system should be connected to the mains via a separate line specially allocated for this equipment, with obligatory installation additional machine in the electrical panel.

It should be borne in mind that if a house or apartment was built a long time ago, and the wiring has not changed, it may need to be completely replaced, since the split system is powerful equipment, and the old wiring may not withstand the power and this will lead to traffic jams being constantly " fly out."

The second stage of the installation of a split system

Correctly installing the indoor unit is very important, since the quality of the entire system directly depends on it. Most best option- fix the device on the wall with self-tapping screws, if the walls are finished with gypsum plaster, then you should definitely insert plastic spacers into it, since such material is quite loose and the self-tapping screws will quickly loosen from vibration.

If the wall is made of brick, then wooden or plastic “caps” are inserted into the holes drilled for self-tapping screws, and then a plate for the block is fastened with self-tapping screws. Be sure to check with the help of the building level evenness of the fastening of the plate.

The next step is to drill into the wall with a puncher through hole, for cold tube. Be sure to ensure a slope of at least 15 degrees. It should be out, not in.

Next, you need to connect copper pipes to internal device air conditioner, as well as a drain tube to a special hose on the device. The electrical cable can now be connected to the indoor equipment. For split systems, the cooling capacity of which is not more than 4 kW, you should use a cable with a cross section of at least 1.5 mm (5-core).

The third stage of system installation

On the last final stage It is necessary to connect the indoor and outdoor units of the system to each other. To do this, do the following.

First you need to measure the distance between the block cranes.
Put a special thermal insulation on the copper connecting pipes. Cut to required length. It is equal to the measurements that were taken earlier.
At the ends of the connecting tubes, it is imperative to fix the plugs that prevent dust from getting inside.
And the last step is to wrap the electrical cable and drainage system with protective sheaths.

How to avoid installation errors?

It is not enough to know how to install a split system, to avoid mistakes that can lead to device failure. That is why it is not necessary to allow frequent bends of freon tubes at a short distance, it is also unacceptable to loosen the connections between them. Subsequently, all this will lead to a freon leak.

It is important to ensure that the connecting tubes do not twist into a ring with a radius of less than 100 mm. Because of this, it will be difficult for the device to pump refrigerant.

Conclusion

Now you know how to install a split system yourself. Never forget that there are no minor factors when installing it. And everything that is done poorly or not completed to the end, for example, poor-quality rolling, loose nuts, kinked pipes, dirt in them or moisture - all this will eventually lead to a breakdown of the system.

Split system is a complex electrical device. If it is connected incorrectly, then due to a failure in the electrical network, the board may burn in it. Therefore, make sure that a voltage relay is installed.

For preventive purposes, for high-quality and long-term operation of the device, clean the filters in the system every month. Do not start the device in winter if it is not equipped with a winter set for operation at low temperatures.

Check the drainage system before starting the device. Usually they pour water into the air conditioner, if no leaks appear under the block, then everything is in order.

With proper use and timely maintenance, a split system may well last more than one year. Therefore, if your neighbors claim that all air conditioning systems are designed for a short time period, then perhaps they simply do not know how to use them correctly.

This article will focus on the outdoor unit. The indoor unit of the air conditioner, as you know, is located indoors. It is the second component of the split system.

The principle of operation of such a device as an outdoor unit of an air conditioner is based on the absorption of heat during evaporation and its release during condensation. The system is usually filled with freon. When the unit is operating for cooling, the liquid begins to circulate through the indoor unit, after which it evaporates and then settles in the outer part.

To heat the room, the refrigerant in the outdoor unit evaporates and it settles as condensate inside.

With the help of a compressor, the coolant passes from one state to another by creating a difference in pressure in the apparatus. At the same time, the system carries three times more electricity. What are the air conditioners equipped with in this case? The outdoor units of split systems are complemented by an internal structure.

Design features of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner

For example, let's take split air conditioners, the outdoor unit of which consists of several parts:

Compressor. Its function is to compress freon and maintain its movement along the refrigeration circuit. The compressor can be based on a piston or a scroll-type spiral. Piston models are not as expensive, but they are less reliable, especially at low outside temperatures.
A four-way valve that is mounted in reversible models of air conditioners (hot and cold modes). In heating mode, this valve changes the direction of freon flow. At the same time, the indoor and outdoor units seem to change their functions: the indoor unit provides heating, and the outdoor unit provides cooling.
Control board. This part is present only in inverter-type units. In other configurations, all electronics are located in the indoor unit, as temperature and humidity changes can damage the operation of electronic components.
A fan that provides air flow to the condenser. In models of a cheap segment, it has one rotation speed. Such a unit works stably in a single temperature range coming from outside. In expensive models, the fan speed is designed for a wide range of temperatures. The fan, as a rule, has 2-3 speed modes and smoothness of their regulation.
Radiator. It provides cooling and condensation of freon. The air stream blown through the condenser is heated.
Freon system filter. The part is located in front of the inlet of the compressor device and serves as its protection against copper chips and other small particles that can get into the air conditioner during its installation. If the installation was performed unskillfully, and during the work an excessive amount of dirt got into the device, then the filter in this case will be powerless.
Connections on fittings. Copper pipes are connected to them, which serve as connections between the outdoor and indoor units.
Quick release cover for protection. It closes the connections on the fittings and the terminal block. The latter is used to connect electrical cables. In some configurations, the protective cover covers only the terminal block, while the connections on the fittings are on the outside.

Split system installation

Every year in our country, a lot of household wall, ceiling and window split systems are purchased. Large companies, in addition to selling units, offer services for their installation. It should be noted that the installation has its own nuances, non-observance of which leads to a failure in the operation of the unit.

Basic installation rules

Many are wondering how to install the outdoor unit of the air conditioner correctly.

First, main point. The outdoor unit of the split system must be mounted in the outer part of the dwelling, which will provide access to the open air cooling radiator. This means that if the unit is installed on the air conditioner owner must make sure that there is a window there. It will ensure the flow of air during operation of the unit. If the device is subjected to cooling in a closed space, this will lead to its overheating. As long as the new temperature sensor is functioning, it will notify about automatic shutdown air conditioner until the outdoor unit cools down. At high temperatures, the device will only function for 5 minutes, and it will take half an hour to cool down when turned off. If it fails, the outdoor unit will simply overheat and burn out. Repair of the unit in this case will be expensive. Sometimes it is even more profitable to buy a new air conditioner.
The second significant point. To carry out diagnostics of a split system, there is also a need to charge the device with refrigerant. Master at after-sales service must have easy access to the valves, which are located on the side of the outdoor unit (usually on the left side). The valves are closed with plastic caps. If it is impossible to reach the valves, then you will have to call a professional climber.
The outdoor unit of the air conditioner should not operate noisily at night. The maximum allowed value is 32 dB.
Optimum condensate drainage should be organized so that it does not fall on the walls of the building, the entrance canopy and passers-by.
Be sure to take into account the strength of the walls. The wall must withstand a load of several tens of kilograms. It is contraindicated to fasten the unit to walls based on aerated concrete, to the outer lining of the dwelling and to the insulation layer.
Brackets with a block must be provided with the most reliable base and fastening.
To avoid overheating of the compressor device, the minimum distance from the wall to the outdoor unit should be at least 10 cm. Nothing should interfere with normal airflow.
Absolutely not allowed a large number of bends of the copper pipeline, since the creases interfere with the full pumping of freon by the compressor.
The maximum indicator of the length of the pipeline between the modules of the split system should not exceed the length specified by the manufacturer. Otherwise, the level of performance will be markedly reduced.
Avoid direct sunlight on the back of the unit. Therefore, there should not be a very large distance from the outer wall to the outdoor unit.
It is desirable to provide protection against moisture penetration.

Compliance with the installation of all existing rules will allow the unit to function for a long time without failures.

Selecting the location of the outdoor unit

At standard installation the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is fixed under the window a little below the level of the window sill or on the side of the window, while not affecting the territory of the neighbors' apartment.

There are also not quite generally accepted options for the location of an external device. If the allowable length of the route and the height difference allow, then the installation is carried out on the roof or in the attic.

Many carry out the installation of outdoor units of air conditioners on the front of the balcony or loggia. It can be installed inside them, provided there is no glazing.

Those who live in private houses or on the ground floor often install the unit under the loggia, thereby protecting it from the adverse effects of precipitation and without violating the appearance of the building.

Particular attention should be paid to the installation of an outdoor unit in the basement. Such a project is possible with increased track sizes and elevation differences. If there is heating in the basement, then the air conditioner will provide not only cooling, but also warming up on frosty days.

To this end, it is not necessary to resort to installing a winter kit on the device or to purchase a system with a wide temperature range, since installed in the basement will not be exposed to very low temperatures. The main thing in this case is to ensure normal air circulation in order to avoid overheating of the heat exchanger.

It is cool in the basement in summer, so it has its own pole. In this position, the operation of the external module will have high rate Efficiency, since the air in the basement is colder than the street.

What should the outdoor unit be mounted on?

When installing the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, be sure to fix it. The standard form of fastening involves the use of brackets, which consist of two welded strips. They are made, as a rule, from an ordinary profile with a different section. They are equipped with two holes for attaching the air conditioner itself. Such elements can withstand heavy loads exceeding the weight of the average block by several times.

Air conditioners located on stands

Installation of outdoor units of air conditioners on the roof, floor or ground involves the use of special stands for the outdoor unit of the unit. They are made from metal with a powder coated finish. Stands are attached to the surface by means of welded holes (facade fasteners on frames). They have sliding bars that can be adjusted to any size of the unit. Typically, the stand can support more than 250kg, which is the weight of a very large industrial air conditioner.

Repair work

As a rule, the breakdown of the outdoor unit is caused by the failure of the mechanics of the device or its electronic system.

The first group can include malfunctions of the refrigeration module, and the second group can include malfunctions in the operation of the control board and disturbances in the electrical circuit.

Mechanical breakdowns

These include the following faults:

the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is frozen;
noise and vibration uncharacteristic for work appeared;
the heat exchanger is not blown enough;
there were oil leaks on the boards.

There are other reasons for freezing of the outdoor module, and this happens not only in winter, but also in summer.

The system may contain excess refrigerant, air or moisture. It is possible that the capillary tubes turned out to be clogged or the device needs preventive cleaning (filters are replaced, the panels of both blocks are washed, dirty deposits are removed from the fan and heat exchanger).

Often there is an incorrect length of copper piping. There may also be a lack or high content of freon.

Electronics problems

An equally serious problem is the failure of the control board. Usually it is signaled by special codes and LED lamps. They are installed on the body of the indoor unit.

When the board burns, the outdoor unit may start to smoke. Although such a phenomenon, as a rule, indicates a burnout electric motor, compressor or fan. If the outdoor unit smokes when heated in winter, then this may not be a fire signal, but a heat exchanger defrosting. In this case, steam can be mistaken for smoke.

Regardless of the degree of complexity of the breakdown, you must immediately disconnect the device from the power supply and contact the repair service.

Outdoor unit models

Models of external blocks are presented by different firms. There are devices of various sizes and capacities in the segment. Each unit has its own technological features. The size of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner can also be different. For example, consider two models from different manufacturers.

Model Mitsubishi Electric MXZ-8B140VA

The external block of the Mitsubishi Electric MXZ-8B140VA conditioner is made by the world famous Japanese firm. It is designed for cooling and heating air in rooms with an area of 140 square meters. m. This is an outdoor module of a multi-zone air conditioner system with inverter type regulation. The unit has a high level of performance.

The indoor units in this configuration operate independently of each other, except for the simultaneous operation of cooling and heating.

System features

Mitsubishi air conditioner outdoor unit has:

cooling mode;
drainage;
air ventilation;
mode on an automatic basis.

The outdoor unit has a modern, elegant design.

The module can serve from 2 to 8 indoor units of various configurations, which form the basis of a multi-zone split system.

Inverter regulation of productivity serves as a guarantee of a quick exit of the unit to the desired mode and subsequent slowdown of the compressor rotation speed. This makes it possible to save energy without compromising the quality of the unit.

The device is inherent low level noise and vibration. It uses optimized stabilizers that provide an even and smooth distribution of air masses. This allows you to nullify the contact of air with the fan, and, therefore, to achieve a reduction in noise during operation.

The air conditioner has a high level of efficiency when operating in cooling mode. This function is applicable for special usage conditions. For example, to cool the room in winter.

The main indicator of the unit is its high level of energy efficiency, achieved by smooth regulation of the heat exchanger.

Outdoor unit model from manufacturer Daikin

It is distinguished by the following features:

The Daikin RXYQ-T outdoor unit has a special refrigerant temperature control scheme that allows the VRV to be set individually. This provides maximum convenience and also improves seasonal efficiency.
The use of variable refrigerant temperatures makes it possible to increase seasonal efficiency up to 28%.
A high level of comfort, no cold drafts at low outlet air temperatures is ensured by the use of variable refrigerant temperature and inverter technology.
The VRV configuration tool performs fine-tuning and commissioning.
An integrated circuit in the room temperature control system provides fresh air. The system is also very easy installation, automatic filling and testing.
The presence of a display on the outdoor unit allows you to get information about possible failures in the operation of the unit, check its parameters and functionality.
A high static pressure makes it possible to mount the outdoor unit indoors.
A wide segment of outdoor units makes it possible to connect stylish household units of the Daikin Emura, Nexura, etc. series.
The flexibility of the installation of the system is provided by the length of the routes (the maximum sum is up to 1000 m).
The height difference between the indoor modules is increased to 30 m, which makes the unit's scope of application wider.
The system is being put into operation in stages.

Installing an air conditioner is a rather complicated undertaking that requires, if not experience in carrying out such work, then at least a thorough theoretical preparation. In more than half of the cases, air conditioning problems appear due to improper installation and errors in the process of connecting the system. Even the most expensive and modern device will not be able to fully realize its potential if it is installed in violation of technology.

The structure of the traditional split system includes an external unit, which is located outside the window, and an internal unit. In some cases, more than 1 block is installed. Such combinations are known as multi-split systems.

Each element of the system performs its functions. So, the outdoor unit is responsible for condensation, while the indoor unit performs the functions of an evaporator. The blocks are connected using a line of tubes and wires. Freon circulates through the tubes. The system also includes a drain tube. It is connected to the outdoor unit. It is responsible for the removal of moisture condensed during the operation of the installation. According to the rules, this tube must be connected to the sewer system.

Air conditioning systems are available for sale for every taste and request. However, in terms of their composition and connection technology, they practically do not differ from each other.

Before proceeding with the installation of blocks, you need to decide on a number of important points.

First, decide on the side of the world to which the capacitor unit will go.
Secondly, you need to establish the material from which the walls of the house are made. In accordance with this moment, suitable fasteners will be selected. Additionally, certain changes in the installation process of the system are made by the weight of the blocks.

It is important to ensure that blocks can be accessed normally for execution preventive work and repair activities. The outdoor unit must be protected from precipitation, icing and other adverse effects.

When choosing the power of a future split system, take into account operational and other important characteristics housing. First of all, consider the orientation of the apartment or house to the cardinal points. Also important is the number of people inhabiting the dwelling, the total power of electrical appliances, the number of heating radiators, the presence of other ventilation systems and devices.

Before proceeding with the installation of the outdoor unit, you need to make sure that the strength of the balcony railing or wall is sufficient to support the weight of the product. The most powerful models weigh up to 60 kg and even more. On average, household outdoor units weigh 10-15 kg and usually there are no problems with their placement. The wall and all fasteners used must have a minimum of two times the safety margin.

If there is external insulation, be sure to ensure that the brackets are not attached to the thermal insulation, but directly to the wall material.

Quite often, aerated concrete is used in modern housing construction. This great material with high thermal insulation properties, however, it, unfortunately, cannot boast of great strength. If the external walls of your house are built of aerated concrete, you should refrain from installing the air conditioner directly on the wall.

It is not recommended to hang the unit on a ventilated facade, because during its operation, quite strong vibration and noise can be created. In the situations described, the installation of the unit should be carried out using a special damping seal, previously fixed on the wall. The air conditioner itself rarely produces noise more than 25-30 dB, therefore, in houses with walls made of a material denser than aerated concrete, there are usually no inconveniences.

Any distortions when installing the outdoor unit are unacceptable. At each stage of installation, you need to check the horizontal installation of the product using the building level. Deviations from the horizontal will lead to a violation of the circulation of freon or other refrigerant used.

If possible, the air conditioner should be installed in such a place that it is blown from all sides by the wind, but at the same time it is protected from precipitation and other negative influences. The best option is to place the unit under a pre-installed canopy or at least on a balcony. The inhabitants of the upper floors apartment buildings can install the outdoor unit of the air conditioner on the roof. It is only important to ensure that the line has a total length not exceeding 15-20 m. Otherwise, significant cold losses will be noted in the system, and the air conditioner will consume electricity for nothing.

Take care of the proper arrangement of the drain of condensed moisture. Regulations require that this tube be connected to the sewer. However, this requirement is almost never met, and moisture simply drips onto the ground under the window. In such a situation, you need to take care at least that water does not drip on passers-by.

Regulations require that the distance between the outdoor unit and the wall surface is at least 10cm. The problem is that the compressor must be sufficiently blown from all sides. If it is installed closer than 10 cm to the wall, in summer the airflow will be insufficient, which will lead to the breakdown of the unit.

Installing an outdoor unit is associated with a certain danger, because It's still high-rise work. Therefore, installation can be carried out only with the necessary insurance, or it is better to completely entrust it to professional installers.

How to install the indoor unit

Inside the premises, the installation of the corresponding block and the laying of the highway are carried out. Special attention should be paid to the process of arranging electrical wiring. Domestic air conditioners consume about 2 kW of electricity or more. First make sure that the wiring in your apartment or house can withstand such a load. If she is not capable of this, lay an individual line from the shield with a separate fuse. This will protect the wiring from overheating, and your property from fire.

Lay the line from the outdoor unit of the air conditioning system to the location of the indoor unit. The line can be laid outside or inside. With external laying, it hides in a plastic box, in accordance with internal installation the line must be sunk into the wall.

Carefully consider the choice of location for placing the indoor unit. The farther the blocks are removed from each other, the less efficient the system will be and the higher the energy losses will be.

The indoor unit must be placed so that there are no objects near it that can interfere with the normal flow of chilled air. Appliances, curtains and other items that are at the same height as the unit must be at least 3 m away from it.

The unit must not be placed directly above a heating radiator. The place of installation must be such that the unit can be easily reached for repair and maintenance work. The distance between the unit and the ceiling should be at least 20-25 cm. It is not recommended to install the air conditioner above appliances and furniture.

The air conditioner must be installed in such a way that the cold air emitted during its operation does not blow directly onto the person. Otherwise, bronchitis and tonsillitis will not keep you waiting long.

The indoor unit can be wall-mounted or ceiling-mounted. The latter are extremely rare. However, regardless of the type of system, it is necessary to ensure the most correct and reliable fastening. Installation is carried out using brackets and screws. Brackets must be checked for strength.

After connecting the outdoor and indoor units, it is necessary to remove moisture and air from the line. This process is known as evacuation. Special equipment is used to pump out air and water.

Do-it-yourself air conditioner connection sequence

Installation of the air conditioner is carried out in several stages. First, the wiring is laid. Further the external unit of the system is installed. The technology requires that it be placed at a height of at least 180-200 cm from ground level. This requirement is relevant for owners of private houses and residents of apartments located on the ground floor.

IN outer wall holes are drilled for laying communications. The diameter of these holes should be 500-600 mm. Brackets are installed, due to which the unit will be fixed. A special waterproofing cup is inserted into the prepared hole and direct connecting communications are laid.

Next you need install the indoor unit. The maximum allowable distance between these two elements is 20 m. The optimal distance is 7-12 m. Specific recommendations are given in the instructions for the equipment, be sure to study it before starting installation. Install the brackets and fix the indoor unit of the air conditioning system.

In the end, it remains only to lay the wires, due to which the functioning of the system will be ensured. Mount the box. It, as already noted, can be internal or external. Connect electrical wires and pipes for freon. Evacuate the system. For this, special equipment is used. The actual procedure lasts an average of 45-60 minutes.

After vacuuming is completed, perform a trial operation of the air conditioner. Professionals at this stage use special hardware and software equipment. In its absence, at least observe the operation of the system and the state of the power grid for some time.

Basic connection errors and their elimination

Mistakes made during the installation of the air conditioner entail a lot of different troubles. However, the services of professional installers are becoming more expensive every year and an increasing number of people, in an attempt to save money, are trying to install the air conditioner themselves. This, as already noted, is a rather complicated and very responsible work, which has many features and requires taking into account a wide variety of nuances.

One of the most common mistakes is laying pipes with unacceptable and/or repeated kinks. Because of this, the load on the compressor will increase, which will not have the most favorable effect on the operation of the system.
The outdoor unit cannot be installed on a glazed balcony. Previously, recommendations were given for its installation in this room, but they are relevant only for non-glazed balconies. It is important that normal air circulation is maintained, and the unit is blown from all sides.
The air conditioner must not be installed where any kind of installation generating high-frequency electromagnetic vibrations is in operation. Such equipment includes various welding machines, machine tools, etc.
It is important to maintain the maximum evenness of the installation of blocks. If this rule is violated, the resulting condensate will simply drain to the floor, which will cause a lot of inconvenience. As already noted, the air conditioner cannot be installed directly above the radiators.

If these and any other errors were made and led to undesirable consequences, it is necessary to take appropriate measures to eliminate the violations. In the event of a draft from the air conditioner, it is usually sufficient to change the direction of the air flow by adjusting the dampers.

When the system is turned on in heating mode, frost is often found on the outdoor unit. The reason for this phenomenon is usually that the system does not have an automatic defrost function. To remove ice, it is enough to turn on the equipment for cooling for a while. The air conditioner will heat up and the ice will disappear.

If the air conditioner has stopped cooling normally, it is necessary to check the filters. They require regular cleaning. Detailed recommendations on this matter are usually given in the instructions.

If water starts to drip from the indoor unit, the cause of this problem in most cases is a severe blockage of the drain channel. It also leads to the formation of ice plugs. It is impossible to eliminate this kind of blockage on your own without the necessary skills. It is recommended to urgently call a wizard who can properly warm up the system and correct the situation.

Uncharacteristic noises during system operation usually indicate a fan imbalance or severe bearing wear. This problem can also be handled exclusively by a qualified master.

If you find that the air conditioner has begun to overheat, you should call the wizard to check the level of freon and the tightness of the system.

In this way, self-installation and connecting the air conditioner is a completely feasible job. But you need to tune in in advance to the fact that this event is not easy. Follow the instructions in everything and promptly eliminate emerging troubles. Then the air conditioner will serve as long as possible, fully performing all the tasks assigned to it.

Successful work!

Video - How to install the air conditioner yourself

Split systems are special equipment that ensures the creation of high-quality and effective system conditioning. It is represented by two different blocks, one of which is located in a specific room, and the other is mounted on the wall of the building. In another way, such a system is called standard air conditioning. Installing a split system is not difficult if you know exactly what elements it consists of, what tools you need to use and in what sequential actions the work is implemented.

The principle of operation of the air conditioner

This device has sufficient complex design, therefore, before its direct installation, you should study well what components it consists of. The principle of its work consists in the following processes:

through a nozzle or die, which is a small hole, under considerable pressure, a refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator, represented by a low-boiling solution with a high heat of evaporation;
in the evaporator, the refrigerant first expands, and then boils and evaporates, which leads to the absorption of a huge amount of heat;
a lot of water condensate appears on the evaporator radiator, flowing into a special container and escaping out through the drain pipe;
refrigerant vapor from the evaporator is constantly pumped out by a special compressor, the principle of operation of which is similar to a vacuum pump;
as the pressure increases behind the pump, the refrigerant heats up, so it goes into a unique supercritical state, therefore it is presented as a mist;
in this form, it passes into the condensation chamber, in which a special radiator with a fan is also installed;
in this chamber, the temperature of the refrigerant decreases, so it passes into a liquid state;
through the spinneret again it enters the evaporator, after which the full cycle is repeated.

The nuances of the correct operation of the air conditioner

Split systems, which are installed on their own, should be installed in such areas of the room so that they are provided with optimal conditions operation.

For this, the following key points are taken into account:

it is not allowed to connect the cold zones of the equipment with hot ones, since this will lead to a significant consumption of electrical energy, so the installation is carried out according to this rule;
do not allow dust or debris to enter the system, since various crumbs and dust can easily cause damage to the vacuum pump, which is essential element devices;
during operation, the tightness of the system cannot be violated, since even the smallest cracks can become the basis for the evaporation of a low-boiling liquid - a refrigerant;
the outdoor unit is mounted in such a way that it is slightly lower than the indoor element, which will positively affect the efficiency of the compressor and energy consumption;
it is desirable that the outdoor unit is located in a cool and shady area of \u200b\u200bthe wall of the building, since its heating leads to difficulties in the operation of the system;
the drainage tube is brought out in such a way that it does not have any bends.

If all the above conditions are followed, then a correct, efficient and optimal installation of the equipment is ensured.

What is an air split?

Split systems are represented by two different blocks. The evaporative element is located inside the room that needs cooling, and the condensing element is outside. Modern equipment has the ability not only to cool rooms, but even to heat them.

If expensive equipment is purchased, it may consist of one outdoor element to which several indoor units are connected. Although the cost of all elements will be quite high, however, during operation, the created system is considered economical.

The nuances of mounting the device

The installation of an air conditioner, the instructions of which are given below, is usually carried out during repair work in a specific room. The fact is that quite complex and specific work is being carried out. To do this, it is carried out along the wall of the room. electrical wiring, as well as the drain tube. For an attractive appearance of the entire room and facade, it is desirable to hide all elements of the installation behind finishing materials.

Before direct work, tools are prepared that are useful for installation. These include:

perforator for creating holes in the walls;
reinforcing reinforcement required for concrete walls;
a pipe cutter that cuts pipes designed to move the refrigerant;
a set required for expanding these pipes;
An example that provides optimal stripping of the ends of pipelines;
a low-power hand pump, with which the tightness of the device is checked;
a vacuum pump that evacuates the system, which is necessary before it is completely filled;
phase indicator;
manometer;
a tester used in the process of implementing electrical work.

Sequential split system installation technology

Do-it-yourself installation of an air conditioner is carried out in certain sequential stages. Each action is given enough attention and time to ensure the perfect result of the work. These stages include:

The split system itself is purchased, consisting of two blocks. Tubes and other items, materials and tools are also purchased to ensure efficient installation of equipment. Usually a copper pipe is bought in a full-fledged bay, and all ends must be rolled. Dents or other imperfections are not allowed on the elements.
The tubes are cut into the required length elements. Next is their scraping. After that, they flare up.
It is determined exactly where the main elements of the system will be located - the indoor and outdoor units, for which markings are applied to the walls of the room and the walls. It is not allowed to mount the indoor unit above different elements of the heating system. Also, curtains or other screens should not close the block. It is not recommended that other powerful electrical appliances be located in the same room as the equipment.
In accordance with the markings, electrical wiring is laid. Air conditioners are powerful devices that consume more than 1.5 kW, so high-quality and reliable wiring is selected for them, the cross section of which will be more than 1.5 square meters. mm. A shut-off switch is also required.
The outdoor unit of the system is mounted. If the work is not carried out on the first floor, then it is best to trust them to specialists, since doing work on your own at a considerable height is not only difficult, but also extremely dangerous. It is allowed to work independently only if the installation is carried out on a balcony or loggia. High-quality and reliable brackets are used for installation. This arrangement of the outdoor unit is not only easy to install, but also facilitates the maintenance of the entire system in the future.
To connect communications in the wall, a hole of a suitable diameter is created. It is important to clarify in advance where the reinforcement passes in the wall. The diameter of the resulting hole is created more than 8 cm.
Pipes are being prepared and pipelines are being laid.
The electrical connections of the two units of the system are established. For this, they are used stranded wires equipped with insulation.
The performance and tightness of all elements of the equipment are checked.
A vacuum is created in the system. This is necessary in order to completely eliminate air from it, and together with the dust present in it. Additionally, this process eliminates moisture found in individual pieces of equipment. To do this, a nipple is installed in the desired section of the device, which is carefully tightened. A reliable and efficient vacuum pump is connected to it. Pumping of the system begins, and usually work is done within one hour, which will ensure complete evaporation of moisture and pumping air out of the system.
The equipment is being filled with refrigerant. For this, an optimally sized refrigerant cylinder is used. It connects to the equipment through an adapter equipped with a pressure gauge so that you can easily track the pressure in the system.
The equipment is connected to electricity. For correct operation, the designations on the terminal block are taken into account.
The resulting system is tested to make sure it works and is safe to use. When the air conditioner is turned on, the test mode is automatically turned on, which can also be turned on through the remote control.
The harness between the blocks is additionally insulated.
The hole created earlier is sealed in the wall.

Thus, installing an air conditioner with your own hands, the video of which can be viewed below, is considered an understandable, but also difficult job that requires careful study of the instructions, the use of high-quality materials and a competent approach to each stage of work.

Video instruction for installing the air conditioner