How to equip a winter garden in a private house - we reveal all the nuances. Winter garden in a private house: varieties, features and design Winter garden drawings

The most common mistakes in its creation are:

Placing absolutely all plants near windows is not desirable. This leads to the fact that it will become quite difficult to admire the beauty of nature. Since, flowering plants that reach for the sun will turn away from the "contemplator".

A more correct spatial solution is a multi-tiered placement of greenery along the walls. And it is preferable to install furniture near the window, and admire the beauty of plants. Placement of absolutely all plants on the lower or middle level. As a result, the upper level of the space remains without plant flora. You should be concerned about the availability climbing plants, it is recommended to hang them under the ceiling in a flower pot or run up the grid.

Climbing plants should be placed on the ceiling

A great idea would be a multi-tiered placement of flowerpots with plants

Under natural conditions, various green spaces necessarily grow in groups, for this reason, in landscaping, it is necessary to combine a variety of structures and textures. For example, a broad-leaved monstera with narrow yucca leaves, caps of blooming hydrangeas with small “eyes” of primrose. Lack of water with an abundance of tropical crops. To maintain an optimal level of humidity, a source of natural water evaporation should be placed. For example, it can be a fountain, a waterfall, a pond, an aquarium, including a pool. It is possible to create an imitation of a water pool by using reflective materials for the floor and walls. Lack of relationship between the constituent elements landscape design. All constituent elements should look harmonious due to the perfect combination of textures.

To maintain an optimal level of humidity, a source of natural water evaporation should be placed

In the winter garden, it is desirable to grow all the plants in a group

For any person, no doubt, it is considered an important task to create comfort and coziness in their own home. Especially in the cool season, there is a desire to equip the spring environment with the help of various plants. A home greenhouse can become your personal paradise, a haven of harmony and beauty. In a private house, it can be created with the help of a glass structure attached to the kitchen or dining room.

A winter garden in a private house can miraculously transform a living space. This is a great place for family tea parties. A quiet pastime among nature has every chance of becoming a glorious tradition.

When planning the decoration of the territory, do not forget that it must be divided into 3 rational zones.

Space for transplanting and caring for flowers.
Place for rest.
Enough spacious hallway.

This is not only an addition to the living space, it is also a meaningful feature comfortable existence.

Home greenhouse can become your personal paradise

In a private house, an extension with a winter garden can be made of glass

The winter garden in a private house is able to miraculously transform the living space

Winter Garden: design features

The best option would be the construction of a new building, combined with the house.

The best solution for such a building would be a frame with glass built into it. In addition, glass may be replaced by the most innovative and lightweight materials, such as polycarbonate.

An important advantage of such used material is its cheap cost. If the choice is made on glass as a material, then its properties should be taken into account, and strong glass should be preferred, with the expectation that it can withstand precipitation.

The layout of the winter garden should be carried out in advance

Choose only high-quality materials for the winter garden

Its creation is inspired by many different ideas. And, before its implementation, the plant flora should be correctly formed. In particular, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for the vegetation of such exotic crops as citrus fruits, orchids, begonias, cacti, palm trees and others. shade plants arrange in the center, and place light-loving ones closer to the windows. A high-rise greenhouse will significantly expand the possibilities of decoration.

It is confirmed in practice that the gifts of flora grow well where they are constantly taken care of. Attractive site created with my own hands, undoubtedly, will give a great moral return for the means and forces applied to it.

before the implementation of the winter garden, the plant flora should be correctly formed

Shade-loving plants should be placed in the middle of the room

Place light-loving plants near windows

A modern site can be decorated in any style you like, thanks to the wide range presented in flower shops. For comparative analysis let's bring brief characteristics the most common options for decorating the territory.

Table. Comparative characteristics various styles

	Dominant color	Types of trees and plants	Characteristic accessories
English		Climbing roses, living green hedge.	Separate large stones and boulders. 1–2 sculptures of the classical type.
French	Dazzling white, azure, and light pink with gold	Fruit crops, ornamental apple tree, thuja, barberry, thunberg, clematis, capricole honeysuckle sage, wormwood, bearded irises large groups, lilies, foxglove, stock-rose, ferns different varieties, both in groups and in single plantings, climbing roses, hydrangeas, lavender (in our conditions, mullein or veronica is better), different kinds geraniums.	Fountains. As a rule, such a plot is decorated with a decorative mini-garden on a raised "bed" Flower beds with herbs.
Mediterranean	All shades of pink, yellow and blue.	Juniper, barberry ficus, pistachio; thuja (smaragd, danica), citrus fruits, oleander, olive, laurel, periwinkle, cotoneaster, magonia, columnar thuja, lavender, veronica, creepers.	Bright flowers in beautiful pots. Numerous fountains, unusual shapes.
Greek	Blue, bright white, yellow-green, terracotta	Alyssum, gaiania, osteospermum, periwinkle, snapdragon, plumbago, geraniums, poppies, lemons, limes, oranges, tangerines, and perennials.	Wicker rattan, bamboo chairs, terracotta clay pots.

Consider the above options in more detail.

There are several styles of winter garden design.

A tall greenhouse will give more room for decoration.

English

The British are sophisticated connoisseurs of antique interiors. It is just right to confidently characterize them as the founders of many architectural trends. English design The winter garden provides a classic space for unhurried conversations during tea parties and family vacations. Of great importance in this case is the decoration of windows and floors. Often, it is possible to meet a huge floor carpet and magnificent stained-glass windows in it. The atmosphere is dominated by antique or antique furniture - another important component of the interior. In addition, the English style is distinguished by large doors and decorative components on the roof ridge.

To create a British flavor, it is important to choose the right plants. For example, the English site cannot be imagined in the absence of roses. Weigela - this bush can be seen quite often in British greenhouses. If you look through the antique folios, then you can see that in the 17th century the British loved to plant hazel, lilac, and euonymus.

In a spacious space, it is possible to plant individual specimens of large flowers. It is important that they stand out for their decorative effect. The remaining plants are a safe base background.

English winter garden design suggests a classic space

Often a huge carpet is laid in the garden

garden in English style suggests a calm and pleasant atmosphere

French

The French style originated in France, and subsequently successfully spread to many countries of the world. Its characteristic features are smooth paths, precisely trimmed bushes, and precise symmetry.

This option is useful for people who value wealth, pomp and solemnity. If you want to build a cozy space for intimate conversations, a French-designed plot can be the best option.

This one is so refined interior can be found in the following interior solutions:

furniture with copper-bronze elements;
expensive vases;
ceramics;
mirrors;
many flowers and fruits.

The color palette is a combination of snow-white, azure and light pink with gilding. Often here, it is possible to meet a cabinet for porcelain, and a bergère chair is spacious easy chair with armrests and long back. Plants are at a low height so that they are perfectly visible from any viewing option. Presented here a large number of vegetable and medicinal herbs. It highlights such spaces - man-made order in absolutely everything.

French winter garden will give a feeling of relaxation and comfort

French style is suitable for people who value wealth, pomp and solemnity.

Mediterranean

A characteristic feature of the territory in the Mediterranean version is the simplicity and impeccability of the contours. It looks like a building adjacent to the building with pitched roof. For this reason, this option is suitable for a veranda or greenhouse. It stands out for its functionality and durability. It is usually preferred by lovers of southern flavor.

Used in the interior decorative tiles“under antiques” and walls of gentle tone. When choosing textures, it is very important to achieve the impression of the interior, as if the floor and walls were burned out under the glimpses of the burning midday sun.

The Mediterranean interior of the winter garden in the house contains:

statues;
decorative pond;
pottery vintage vases;
forged table with glass top;
sundials and pergolas wrapped in roses.

In general, this design can be expressed in words as - insulated, clear and fragrant. This is a great place to relax. The special elegance of the Mediterranean appears in the darkened patio covered with flower beds with herbs. This interior is used mainly in numerous southern states, in which it is interpreted in its own way.

What crops are preferred? This, of course, is all kinds of fragrant spices - saffron, rosemary, basil, coriander, celery. And, of course, lavender, rose and junipers. These cultures are equally suitable for flower beds and vases. Various small trees are also in demand, for example: citrus, pistachio and olive, and small palm trees. Mediterranean style is a great platform for creativity.

The floor is tiled

The Mediterranean-style winter garden will be a great place to relax

In a Mediterranean-style winter garden, everything should be simple

Mediterranean Provence

Among the varieties of Mediterranean interiors in France, Provence is a prominent representative. His distinctive feature it is considered to be the absence of distinct lines, and naturally the amazing smell of lavender and other herbs. Flowers are also placed in pots - flower beds, along the paths and instead of a lawn.

Elegant furniture is used as interior items. forged furniture: screens for climbing plants, bridges, chairs and benches with soft cushions.

Among the varieties of Mediterranean interiors in France, Provence is a prominent representative.

Flowers are also placed in pots - flower beds, along the paths and instead of a lawn

Greek

To demonstrate the atmosphere of Greece, blue, bright snow-white, yellow-green, terracotta tones are used in the decor of the site. Be sure to use these colors for furniture.

The inhabitants of Greece while away a large amount of time in nature: talking, eating, and relaxing. For this reason, the Greek site is decorated with a large number of comfortable recreation areas located in the loggias, and in the kit garden furniture there is certainly a huge dining table. Wicker rattan and bamboo chairs perfectly emphasize this style.

Windows are decorated with weightless light curtains or blinds, they are designed to protect from the heavenly body at noon. The main green plantings of the Greek site can be conifers. If they are in containers, it is possible to swap them, and thus instantly change the visual image. Against the background of conifers, flower cultures of the brightest shades and shapes look great.

Aromatic herbs will be a great addition. They are recommended to be planted in flower beds, in flowerpots, in hanging pots, or placed near the windows.

Video: Do-it-yourself winter garden design

50 photos of winter garden design examples:

Juicy greenery and pleasant aromas of summer can be extended for the whole year. This is what winter gardens are for. Just imagine how pleasant it will be to go into a real roofed garden in winter and be transported to a warm summer, breathe in the smell of greenery and flowers, sit, relax, for a couple of hours and have a great rest. Such a pleasure is worthy of being a little confused and organizing a winter garden in a private house. On the way to your own oasis, you will have to solve a lot of issues, from choosing a place to choosing plants. Let's deal with the main aspects.

No. 1. Winter garden, greenhouse and greenhouse - what's the difference?

The first winter gardens appeared in ancient Egypt. Then in the palaces the rich put stone vases with plants. Confirmed the facts of the use of winter gardens in Ancient Rome. Then the greens were placed on the windowsills, and the richest allocated a separate room in the house for the garden, decorating it with columns. Later, the idea of an indoor garden conquered Holland, France, England, and then the whole world. Today, winter gardens are at the peak of popularity. Of course, you can try and build a small semblance in an ordinary apartment, but the owner is much more fortunate - you can turn around in them and realize almost any idea.

No. 2. The main types of winter gardens

Depending on location, functionality and role winter gardens can be of the following types:

No. 3. Choosing the right place

As a rule, a winter garden is organized in an extension to the house, and in this case it is very important which side this extension will be located on:

Very often they are converted into a winter garden, equipping them with the necessary engineering systems.

Much less often, a winter garden is placed on the roof.. This is a technically more complex solution, it is necessary to calculate the load on the supporting structures, properly organize the roof, supply all communications. But in return, you will get a house that compares favorably with the rest. There will be no problems with finding the cardinal direction, and household members will be able to admire not only plants, but also the starry sky.

No. 4. Construction of the winter garden

Winter garden can be realized as a separate building, but this option is rare. It is usually adjacent to the house, and in this case the construction can have different shape:

No. 5. Optimal material for the winter garden

In order to provide plants with a sufficient amount of sunlight and heat, it is necessary to make the structure of the winter garden as accessible as possible to light. Both the walls and the roof are best made of transparent materials. The most popular are:

glass have been used for many years to equip not only winter gardens, but also greenhouses and greenhouses. It is highly durable, withstands snow and wind loads, transmits 98% of the rays, and allows the space inside the garden to warm up quickly. However, with a strong impact, the glass can break, the material is expensive, and difficult to process. To save money, many go to reduce the thickness of the glass, but at the same time it will be necessary to strengthen the frame (part of the light is stealing), and thin glass will keep heat even worse than the standard one;
lighter than glass, cheaper, easier to process. The material can be bent, it is completely moisture resistant, not afraid of corrosion and fungus. However, in terms of light transmission, it is inferior to glass - it transmits only about 88% of the rays. In addition, it cannot boast of high thermal efficiency, so a serious heating system will be needed;
double-glazed windows they are not cheap and weigh decently, but they store heat well inside the garden, and in terms of light transmission they stand in the same place with glass. If you choose not ordinary glasses, but energy-saving ones, you will be able to decently save on heat, and that is why today they are used more and more often when arranging winter gardens;
plexiglass usually used in combination with other material for arranging the side walls. The material is perfect for these purposes, but is very heavy.

No. 6. Foundation and frame

So that the winter garden does not sink, it is better to take care of the construction. This is a rather time-consuming and costly part of the entire project - about a fifth of the budget is spent on creating the foundation. Suitable shallow strip foundation. You can use ready-made reinforced or reinforced concrete blocks 20 cm thick. Depth depends on soil type, climate and topography. Instead of ready-made blocks, you can use it, but you will have to work hard with the formwork and reinforcement frame.

The floor is made of concrete, then it can be revetted, or. The board is also used, but less frequently.

For the arrangement of the frame, you can use prefabricated structures eg aluminum or steel profile, wood. You can go the more complicated route and build the frame yourself. It is used, as well as all the same wood, aluminum and steel. After mounting the frame, proceed to the glazing with the selected material.

When equipping the roof, do not forget to provide a slope so that in winter the snow does not linger on the roof, does not increase the load and does not cover the sunlight.

No. 7. Choosing a heating system

Choosing the right place and glazing material is only half the battle. Of course, plants will receive a large amount of heat from the sun, but in winter this may not be enough, therefore, even at the design stage, they select the most optimal heating system. The choice depends on the area, type of plants grown and even from the regularity of visiting the garden. If frost-resistant plants are planted, and you are far from being in the garden every day, you can get by. If the garden is part of a permanently inhabited house, then a more serious one needs to be considered.

There are plenty to choose from today:

electric heaters do not require complex installation, they can be moved from place to place, they allow you to quickly heat the room and quickly adjust the amount of heat. Such heaters are affordable, but they are expensive to operate, especially if you use them regularly and heat a large area. Another problem is air drying;
water heating, i.e. connection of the garden to the heating system of the house with installation. As a result, it turns out to achieve stable temperatures, the costs will be minimal, and the microclimate in all rooms of the house will be the same. Minus - the complexity of the arrangement. It is better to plan such a heating system at the stage and sum up all communications. In order to make the insert correctly later, calculations and the help of specialists will be needed, and even then not always, it will be possible;
warm floor( or ) allows you to optimally heat the room. The soil and water for irrigation will be heated first. If you lay the cable or pipes correctly, then the walls of the garden will also warm up, which will prevent them from icing. The only downside is the cost of this method. The water system will be difficult to repair, its arrangement is a complex process. Electric underfloor heating is easier to organize, but the cost of maintaining it will be higher;
split systems do not dry out the air, allow you to quickly warm up the room, quickly adjust the temperature, but are not suitable for regions with low winter temperatures;
UFO they do not dry the air, they heat the surfaces, not the air, i.e. I work on the principle of the sun. For a compact winter garden - that's it, but for a large room this is not an option;
stove heating allows you to get cheap heat, but it will be distributed unevenly, which is not good for plants, and firewood / coal will have to be constantly thrown up - it is dangerous to leave without the presence of a person;
air heating allows you to use warm air from living quarters. It is distilled into the garden by means of vents and fans. It turns out cheaply, but the whole system takes up a lot of space, and appearance garden will be spoiled by the duct system.

Several systems can be combined.

No. 8. Choosing a ventilation system

Plants need an influx of fresh air - this is the key to their normal life. It is necessary to provide a way for air from the street to enter the garden, as well as for air to be removed from the garden. There are only two options here:

No. 9. Winter garden lighting system

A winter garden in a private house needs, because in winter the sun's rays may not be enough for the normal growth and development of greenery. Have to take care of and explore the spectrum of light different types lamps to choose the suitable ones. To ensure photosynthesis, it is necessary that the lamp gives rays in the range of 400-500 nm (blue spectrum), 500-600 nm (green, for photosynthesis of the lower leaves), 600-700 nm (red). Light 1200-1600 nm accelerates many biochemical reactions.

No. 10. Protection from excess light

Keep in mind that in summer there can be too much light, especially if the garden is facing south, so you need to consider options for protection from excessive solar radiation. This includes the following activities:

No. 11. Irrigation system in the winter garden

If you are equipping a very, very compact garden, then you don’t even have to think about a special one. It will be enough ordinary watering cans and a good memory to add water in time.

For a more or less dimensional garden, manual watering will become hard labor, it will take too much time and effort, so you have to think about automation. Habitual for greenhouses, rain and aerosol types of irrigation are not appropriate here.

The best option for a winter garden -. From the water source through a system of perforated hoses and tapes, water flows to the root system of plants. There will be no puddles. If you connect a system of sensors that measure the level of humidity, then water will be supplied only when it is really needed, and this guarantees optimal soil moisture.

Some plant species draw some of their moisture from the air. For such greenery, additional humidify the air. You can use fog installations, humidifiers or fountains, which will also perform a decorative function.

Do not forget that in order to remove excess moisture, it is necessary to equip drainage.

No. 12. Selection of plants for the winter garden

When choosing plants for a winter garden in a private house, you must rely only on your own taste. But when combined different types already have to think about how to properly combine them. The requirements for lighting, temperature and humidity are different for all varieties, and it is almost impossible to create several microzones with radically different conditions in one garden. So choose better plants, which require approximately the same conditions, and then combine them with each other.

When choosing, consider the direction of the world, which overlooks the winter garden. If it is the south, then preference is given to heat-loving varieties.

Plants according to growing conditions can be divided into several types:

No. 13. Design and decoration of the winter garden

It is advisable to start work on creating a winter garden with design. In special applications, a sketch is created, on which the dimensions of the structure, windows, hatches and transoms are marked. Then a project is prepared, when creating it, lighting, ventilation, heating, irrigation systems, materials used, and a connection scheme to the house are thought out. The design stage involves the creation of drawings indicating all the details. Only with a serious thoughtful approach will it be possible to build a durable and reliable winter garden.

After the technical side of the issue has been thought out, you can move on to the pleasant and plan the interior arrangement of the winter garden in the house. Better foresee several functional areas:

It is difficult to clearly follow any particular one within a small winter garden, but common features can be used:

No. 14. What else?

Do not forget to find out in advance what kind of soil the selected plants will need, what fertilizers will need to be bought, how much money will be spent on providing all engineering systems. Also, do not forget to consider the location of the outlets.

Summer residents "pull themselves up" not immediately. It happens that many years pass from the beginning of the development of the site until the realization of the real need for a covered climatic space. For the most part, winter gardens are becoming continuation country house , functionally integrating into an existing building. Although it is impossible not to mention the existence of separate structures. But you will meet them infrequently, and therefore in this article we will discuss only about extension options. Such gardens are structurally divided into two-facade(an extension to the inner corner of the building) and three-facade(attached by one wall).

What is the functional "load" of new heated areas, except for lush vegetation?

From the northern facade of the cottage, it is advisable to place a study there, which along the way will become a "heat-insulating barrier";
from the east - a dining room;
from the western flank - the living room.

However, there can be no unambiguous canonical recommendations here. Each owner has his own preferences. But in any case, the attached conservatory expand usable living space while at the same time keeping the cottage warm.

Letters from readers of our portal show that real life outside the city makes tough adjustments to the above "library" truths. For example, one of our most respected and experienced readers had a serious and completely unexpected problem: the owner of a neighboring dacha organized a dog kennel on his territory with the corresponding round-the-clock soundtrack. Agree, no matter how much you love nature, the endless barking of dozens (!) Wolfhounds can greatly poison the suburban idyll. In this case, the construction of a winter garden will help stop the negative acoustic background. on the facade of the cottage, which faces the neighboring plot.

The winter garden "ascended" to the second floor

Steel frames

Let's move from aluminum to another metal, or rather, to of stainless steel. Its corrosion resistance is enhanced by powder coating of exposed surfaces. As a successful technological solution, one can mention steel profiles. Moreover, the cavities in them are filled polyurethane playing the role thermally conductive damper. Thus, the high strength of 1.2 mm thick steel and polyurethane are combined in one design. Such technological synthesis allows the construction of significant unsupported spans, the use of large and weighty ones.

Frames from other materials

For the construction of a winter garden are often used and combined bearing elements, for example, wood-aluminum frame. It is also made of an aluminum profile, the function of which is to protect against the negative effects of celestial abysses.

It would be unfair not to mention plastic (PVC) profiles. However, their bearing capacity is incomparably lower than that of metal and even wooden counterparts. Therefore, they can be used only for small spaces attached to the base cottage, which at the same time serves as the main supporting structure for the winter garden.

The above materials are used for the "skeletons" of winter gardens. BUT a vital role in these oases of flora and comfort translucent structures.

Winter garden glazing

Main requirement to enclosing glazing - not transparency, as it might seem at first, but security. Therefore, in the construction of winter gardens, safety glass or . The latter can be matte, transparent or bronze.

One of the most competent Russian specialists in the field of complex construction of summer cottages for various purposes, the most acceptable coverage option for domestic winter gardens will be polycarbonate 8-10 mm thick, which the:

15 times lighter than glass
crack resistant,
has sufficient bearing capacity for the structures used.

However, back to, which is not going to give up its positions in the construction of winter gardens.

To remove the problem of sharp fragments arising from the sudden destruction of the roof, it is advisable to apply for its glazing impact-resistant triplex.

Security issues for vertical railings not so sharp - in the literal and figurative sense of the word. Therefore, for them, you can use two- or single-chamber with energy-saving glasses.

With the first appearance, condensation appears on the windows, and snowfall easily covers the roof with a dense crust. To prevent these minor problems, you can install double-glazed windows with electric heating. Manufacturers claim that it simultaneously prevents the formation of fungus and mold on glass. Since the author of the article did not personally experiment with this, I am reporting this information with some degree of doubt.

Winter garden flooring

in the winter garden it makes sense to veneer waterproof materials.

You can choose: it is durable, wear-resistant, durable, resistant to hydrothermal effects.
Floors made of ceramic cladding: such a coating is durable and light in weight, moreover, it creates an environmentally friendly environment for summer residents and plants. Today, such a cladding (or its variety - porcelain stoneware) is combined with glass, metal and wood.

If you plan to place housing in the winter garden - an office or a dining room - and not just a tropical one, then the floor can be finished with natural wood: parquet, massive deck boards or, at worst,. Moreover, the ends of the latter around the entire perimeter must be processed hydrophobic composition.

It is necessary to remember about negative impact sunlight: in summer the temperature in the winter garden can "pass" and over + 60 ° C. To solve the problem, various sun protection(curtains, blinds,) or surfaces that accumulate heat (floors). That is why the floors in the winter garden, at least in winter, not recommended for carpeting, paths, etc.

Creating a microclimate

Although the amount of space in the winter garden is significantly inferior to the size of a traditional cottage, the requirements for the microclimate in it are very "finicky". After all, the calculation is not only for the presence of owners in it, but also for various representatives of the flora, sometimes. The temperature should be maintained at +20°С...+25°С, relative humidity - from 40% to 60%.

Vanda - an orchid growing in the winter garden of the Moscow Aptekarsky garden

Here, the interests of various engineering systems collide at the same time, and it is by no means easy to find a consensus. Designers of a winter garden must take into account the problems of organization.

The main task of the winter garden is to maintain a positive temperature even in the coldest winters, so that your house has a corner of greenery that will delight or even feed you. Many gardeners grow not only flowers, but also tropical fruit trees at home, so it is necessary that the future building be extremely efficient in terms of saving heat.

The second very important indicator of quality is absolute transparency. You must be in the bosom of nature, under sunlight, which is necessary not only for the owner for Have a good mood, but also to the plants located there. It is necessary to use transparent and not easily soiled materials, which will transmit from 80% of the sun's rays. Only in this case, you can not only grow greens, but even enjoy tropical fruits or vegetables.

The third indicator of the quality of the structure is the excellent bearing capacity of materials, durability, and corrosion resistance. You are building not for 1-2 years, but erecting a capital structure, and quite expensive at that. It should stand for many years, not be destroyed by winds, snow, hail. That is why it will not work to cover the metal frame with a film - you need to find the most suitable option, where not only the frame will play the role of a supporting element, but the material of the walls itself is not subjected to physical impact.

Most often, a winter garden is made of glass, polycarbonate, plexiglass, PVC bags. Other materials are practically not suitable for light transmission or thermal efficiency. Consider the most popular buildings, their features, advantages and disadvantages.

Choosing a material

Glass winter garden - pros and cons

This is the most common type building material when it comes to durable greenhouses, extensions. Its main advantage is a large bearing capacity (it is easy to withstand snow, hail and other impacts), as well as high throughput. Up to 98% of the light passes through this material, so your plants get the sun they need to thrive.

For a 3x4x4 meter building, it will be enough to use glass 12-13 mm thick as a supporting element of the walls and 3-4 mm thick, if you make high-quality metal embroidery, create a kind of “crate” with squares of 100x100 centimeters. The glass is easy to clean, just pour water from the hose on top, pour cleaning products and rinse again - the roof will again let in light, delight you with its excellent appearance. The only drawback is the relatively high cost, but you can save a lot if you buy glass of a smaller thickness and compensate for its relative strength with the density of the metal jointing of the room. This will reduce costs by 2-3 times. one square meter walls will cost no more than 450 rubles.

Another relative minus is fast heat transfer. If you heat the room to +25 degrees, but after a few hours the temperature may drop to 0, since glass practically does not retain heat and it quickly “runs away” through it. The foundation is not mandatory, but it does not hurt to eliminate all possible distortions. Fill with a depth of up to 30 centimeters and a thickness of 10-12 cm - enough. Do the jointing with metal: it is better to use 2 channels of 30 mm each, which are welded together with the back wall - it will be much easier to fix the glass.

The easiest way is to make the room square, and the roof at an angle of at least 55%, so that the snow does not linger and immediately falls (unless, of course, it melts from warm roof). It will not be difficult to build a winter garden of such a plan; you will have to fool your head only with fastening the glass to the channel. To do this, you will need to buy a sealant, preferably under car windows - it is durable, not exposed to sunlight, does not freeze, does not crack, does not melt.

Polycarbonate structures - why they are chosen and how they are installed

Building a winter garden is not always a long, expensive process. To significantly reduce the cost of such a building, many use an innovative material - polycarbonate. It has many advantages: the weight is 15-20 times lighter than that of glass and 30 times lighter than metal. Transparency 88%, which will satisfy the requirements of even the most modern greenhouses. Easy to bend, you can make any desired shape. Does not crack, absolutely resistant to corrosion of any kind. It has a good bearing capacity, is mounted on metal supports, there is no particular need for a foundation.

The only drawback of polycarbonate is low thermal efficiency. You will spend a lot of money on heating in the winter, as it lets heat through like a sieve. If you do not need to constantly heat the room or you can maintain +5 degrees in winter when growing, then there is a point in building, if there are tropical plants- heating will bankrupt you.

It is very simple to fix polycarbonate - you screw it directly to the metal, and you can use an ordinary corner as a support and a "crate". A corner with shelves of 20x25 mm will suffice.

Plexiglas winter garden

If you have chosen this material, then building a winter garden with your own hands will be very quick and simple. Enough to cut plexiglass the right sizes, drill holes and take on the bolts. The room is ready. A minimum foundation is required, if the room is more than 2.5 meters in height - the material is heavy, the soil may sag. Thermal efficiency is high, light transmission is 85%.

The only, but very big disadvantage of this design is soiledness. With any touch, friction, plexiglass loses its transparency, so many have abandoned its use as roofing material for winter gardens. Despite the relatively low cost, it is recommended to use it only indoors or only as side walls.

Why double-glazed windows are the best material for a winter garden

At first glance, it might seem that PVC installation windows as load-bearing walls and even a roof in a winter garden - money down the drain. In fact, this is an extremely large savings, since the construction of the winter garden is designed for subsequent savings on heating. The hermetic design will keep all the heat even 1-2 days after turning off the heating of the room, if everything is done correctly. Heating will be provided with a heater of only 300-400 watts, which will be enough to maintain an acceptable temperature for most plants.

Thus, in 3-4 years you will be able to fully return all the money spent on the construction of this building, especially if you are going to grow exotic species that require a temperature of 25-28 degrees.

Another problem when building a building from double-glazed windows is their heavy weight. It will be necessary to fill in a solid foundation, up to 45-50 centimeters deep and 12 cm wide, it is desirable to reinforce the base. As a result, you get a strong, heat-efficient building with light transmission up to 90%.

What can be planted in the garden?

You can plant absolutely everything, but the profitability of such cultivation depends on the type of premises constructed. If you want to grow exotic plants, fruits and vegetables from the tropics, then it will be beneficial for you to build only a room from double-glazed windows, since you will have to heat up to +28 degrees. If you just want some greenery, and it’s also nice to sit over a cup of hot tea in an “oasis” when there are meter-long snows around, then polycarbonate or glass will be enough.

Some gardeners make a mini-greenhouse in the building, planting plants for the winter garden, which not only please the eye, but also bear fruit. It can be radishes, indoor self-pollinated peppers, cucumbers, tomato trees, and even strawberries planted along. Very often you can see banana dwarf trees there, which have excellent appearance. They will not only decorate your oasis, but also delight you with delicious small fruits.

Many prefer tropical types of cucumbers and actinidias - they perfectly braid walls and upright strong plants, ripen quickly, they can be enjoyed at any time of the year. However, you can grow absolutely everything, the choice depends only on you, what you want to do with your garden, what goal you are pursuing when constructing this structure.

Ecology of consumption all year round. It is an erroneous opinion that only owners of large mansions can make such a decision; if desired, even the loggia of a multi-storey building can be turned into a garden. We will talk about all the intricacies of winter gardens further.

The winter garden is a great opportunity to find a place to relax that will delight you with a riot of colors all year round. It is an erroneous opinion that only owners of large mansions can make such a decision; if desired, even the loggia of a multi-storey building can be turned into a garden. We will talk about all the intricacies of winter gardens further.

About types of winter gardens

Before we tell you how to build a winter garden, let's see what it can be.

It is from the choice of one or another type that the design will depend.

Subtropical or cold. In such gardens, the air temperature should not rise above +10 ° C, so it will be an excellent solution for those owners who are rarely in the countryside. country house and cannot control temperature regime. You will be surprised, but ferns, feijoa, azaleas, oleander, myrtle and figs grow well in such conditions.

Winter garden of subtropical type

Moderate aluminum winter gardens often need additional heating, the temperature inside should be above 18 ° C. in such conditions, you can enjoy the riot of colors of bougainvillea, coffee and banana trees.

Do you want to surprise your guests with a coffee or banana tree? Provide green residents with a temperature of at least 18 ° C.

Tropical gardens are demanding in terms of humidity and temperature, which is maintained at 25 ° C. In a tropical garden climate, you will feel comfortable:

- dieffenbachia,
- orchids,
- arrowroot,
- agloanema.

Humidity and high temperature are the main requirements for tropical winter gardens

Construction affairs

Foundation

Aluminum winter garden - enough lightweight construction, which does not require a separate foundation and is built on existing reinforced concrete slabs. If the thickness of the slab is less than 20 cm, it will be necessary to strengthen the foundation with piles that are driven to a depth of at least 1.5-2 m.

Construction of a winter garden - the stage of building a foundation

However, most often an aluminum profile winter garden is installed on a plinth that rises above the ground. The latter gives you the opportunity to mount window sills, radiators without unnecessary fears, and on snowy days drifts will not spoil the appearance, propping up the transparent walls of your oasis from the outside.

Advice!
Whatever type of foundation is chosen, it needs thermal and waterproofing.
A 10-centimeter foam sheet will help to keep warm, and waterproofing is provided by roofing felt or film.

carrier profile

The carrier profile can be aluminum, metal-plastic or wooden

The carrier profile can rightly be called essential element winter garden.

Aluminum glazing of winter gardens is the most popular method due to the lightness of the structure itself, ease of installation and resistance to erosion. It is necessary to choose a profile taking into account its cross section, the most suitable values vary from 50x30 to 180x60. External appeal to aluminum is given by electrostatic painting, PVC or wood finishes.

Advice!
If your conservatory is large, aluminum can be replaced with steel.
However, keep in mind that with direct contact there is a high probability of corrosion, so the fasteners used must be galvanized or plastic.

Metal-plastic are inherently aluminum, but are covered with plastic in the factory. Facades from such frames are often reinforced with galvanized steel and connected using docking racks. Window sashes should not exceed 0.8 m in width, otherwise the hinge group receives heavy loads and may be deformed.

Advice!
It is not recommended to mount inclined structures from metal-plastic profiles; over time, they sag and begin to leak.

Support profile installation

Support beams to which it will be attached rafter system, mounted on top of the facade of the garden. The details of the roof are fixed with the help of pressure beams with seals. Experts do not recommend taking a step less than 55 and more than 75 cm.

The wooden profile, despite all its environmental friendliness and attractiveness, will upset you with fragility

The slope of the roof is chosen by you personally and can vary between 7-45 °. If you plan to take full advantage of natural light, the slope of the roof should be within 30°.

Arrangement of the roof can be done with the help of skates, semi-skates or valleys. Factory ready systems they win over facade ones with their ability to fix the gutters for water flow to the support beams.

Installation of winter gardens to the wall of the house is carried out using self-tapping anchors and starting profiles, strengthen silicone sealants. special attention require knots between the wall and the starting rafters.

You can carry out sealing with your own hands, for this a layer of insulator is applied to the wall in the wall. A corrugated lead, copper or aluminum tape is inserted into the shtraba at one end, and the profile is covered with the other.

Advice!
It is highly undesirable for the roof of the house to hang over the structure of the winter garden; if this cannot be avoided, take care of installing a snow retention system.
This will help to avoid the formation of additional load during a snowfall.

Glazing

The issue of glazing should be approached only after the completed installation of the frame. Most often, single- and double-glazed windows are used for this purpose, the former are suitable for the roof, the latter for the walls.

For roof glazing, experts recommend using building triplex or polycarbonate, which are durable and safe in case of damage.

Cellular polycarbonate is able to take on various curved shapes, which is undoubtedly its advantage (price - from 120 rubles m²)

A do-it-yourself winter garden made of polycarbonate is decided to be done in 30% of cases. Such popularity of cellular polycarbonate lies in its low cost, ability to isolate heat and protection from UV rays.

Sheets can be tinted, white, matte or bronze. It would seem that such a variety should be an advantage, but no, this is their drawback, which will not allow you to admire wildlife while inside your garden, which is why polycarbonate is still losing the fight with double-glazed windows.

Note!
Cellular polycarbonate changes volume when heated, so it cannot be rigidly attached to the guides.

Heating

Regardless of the chosen design of the winter garden, the organization of an air and soil heating system will be required. Air, water and combined type are available for your choice.

Agronomists and amateur gardeners tirelessly repeat that the most comfortable for plants is a water heating system. Its installation is carried out in several levels: under the roof of the garden, at ground level and at the outer walls. Each level is adjusted separately.

Autonomous air heating is used extremely rarely and only if the plants can feel comfortable at temperatures below 20 ° C.

It is worth thinking about heating the soil if the plants in the garden do not grow in garden flowerpots and pots, but in the ground. The temperature of the soil should not exceed 40 ° C, otherwise there is a possibility of drying out the root system and death of the plant. The earth is heated by a single heating layer, which lies no deeper than 40 cm.

Photo of the arrangement of layers of soil heating

If you live in a cold zone, a simple heating system may not be enough; floor radiators, electric floor heating and hot water reservoirs will come to your aid.

Ventilation

The device of the automatic ventilation system

The ventilation of the winter garden consists of an extract and air supply channels. The inflow is organized by simply opening the window of the facade frame, but for the hood it will be necessary to install small hatches under the roof, they can be adjusted mechanically or using electric drives.

The system of constant passive ventilation is also effective, which is a constantly blown valves mounted at floor level. Such a system allows you to update the air in the garden up to four times per hour.

Output

Undoubtedly, the arrangement of a winter garden is a troublesome business, requiring temporary and financial costs, but just imagine how flowering fragrant plants will please the eye, and maybe even home-grown yellow-sided lemons and bananas. published