Ladder 90 degrees platform with hands. We make a wooden marching staircase with a turn with our own hands. Competent manufacturing of a staircase structure: the choice of suitable materials

Staircase with 90° turn(L-shaped staircase) is a structure of two marches located relative to each other at right angles and interconnected by a turntable. It is the most popular type of construction, as it has small dimensions and allows installation in openings with small area while maintaining a comfortable step height.

Online calculator calculation of a staircase with a 90° turn with a platform from KALC.PRO allows you to obtain detailed data necessary for the manufacture of stringers, steps, risers, platforms, railings, balusters. In addition, you get complete set staircase drawings (assembly structure and constituent parts) in different projections, a virtual 3D model with which you can evaluate the structure in a given opening and recommendations for creating the most comfortable structure.

Calculation procedure

Step 1. The choice of optimal units of measurement - mm, cm, m, inches, feet.
Step 2. Determining the color of drawings - monochrome, color.
Step 3. The definition of the design of the stairs is right-handed (with a turn to the left), left-handed (with a turn to the right).
Step 4. Indication of the dimensions of the stairs - length, march width, opening height ( if the upper step is at the level of the 2nd floor, the height of the opening = the height of the stairs) .
Step 5. Step parameters - quantity, tread thickness, edge protrusion, upper step below the level of the 2nd floor or at the level ( optional).
Step 6. Characteristics of stringers - beam thickness, beam width.
Step 7. Turntable stiffening beams - thickness, width.
Step 8. risers ( optional) - the possibility of using risers and specifying the thickness of the board.
Step 9. Support column parameters - section side.
Step 10. Definition of fencing elements - height, thickness, width of handrails, section side of the baluster.
Step 11. Slabs and Walls - Blocks are used for rendering purposes only and do not affect the amount of materials.
Step 12. Rechecking all the entered parameters and starting the calculation of the stairs with a 90° turn with the landing using the button « Calculate».

Design features / designations on the drawings

Over the centuries, building practice has formed a huge base of buildings that has been constantly developed and improved. However, despite a significant technological breakthrough in all industries, modern calculations still use many mathematical expressions that have not changed over the centuries. When designing stairs, the most recognizable is the "convenience formula" of the French engineer Francois Blondel. The image shows the optimal values that are derived from this formula and which we recommend using in the calculator. Other options can be found on the " Calculation of stairs online».

Blondel formula: 2 × h + s = 60/65 cm

h - step height;
s - tread width;
60/65 cm - the average length of a person's step.

However, we warn you that for the construction of stairs there are construction documentation (SNiP, GOST, TU) that regulates the limit loads, the strength of materials, the minimum allowable parameters of load-bearing elements, and so on and so forth. The safety and reliability of the structure under construction is guaranteed only if they are observed, therefore we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the provisions of the following documents:

GOST 23120-78 "Steel stairs, platforms and railings", SNiP 21-01-97 (SP 112.13330.2011) " Fire safety buildings and structures”, SNiP 31-02-2001 (SP 55.13330.2010) “Single-apartment residential houses”, SNiP 2.08.01-89 “Residential buildings”, SNiP 2.08.02-89 (SP 118.13330.2011) “Public buildings and structures”, SNiP 2.01.07-85 (SP 20.13330.2010) “Loads and impacts”, SNiP II-25-80 (SP 64.13330.2011) “ wooden structures» .

Check out our articles - wooden staircase installation and the optimal angle of inclination of the stairs. We are sure that this information will be useful to you, including when calculating the L-shaped turning stairs on the calculator.

The construction of a two-, three-story cottage involves the presence of a staircase. Without it, access to the basement, underground garage, attic space will be problematic.
It is important not to forget that the staircase is a complex engineering structure. Its design and construction cannot be carried out according to the residual principle. The location, material, project is determined in advance. Wooden staircase to the second floor beautiful option for your choice.

For private households, the use of two main types of stair climbs is typical: marching and screw. Marching - with one or more spans separated by intermediate platforms. The most spectacular, but also expensive are screw. It is recommended to involve specialists with relevant experience in their construction, calculation of the number and width of steps.

In this article, we will consider in more detail all the popular types of stairs, their advantages and disadvantages. But you need to start with the choice of wood:

maple looks good, varnishing will emphasize the structure. But when bending, cracks and breaks will appear on the surface;
beech is considered one of the most durable options, but is not intended for use in conditions of high constant humidity;
oak is both durable and beautiful. The only drawback is the high price;
larch and pine - budget options. Approved for use subject to antiseptic treatment from rot and bugs.

How to make a wooden spiral staircase to the second floor with your own hands

If, in accordance with the plan of the house, a minimum space is allocated for the placement of interfloor passages, the screw modification will be indispensable. It is mounted both in the center of the room, hall or corridor, and against the wall.

Types of spiral staircases

There are four main types depending on the method of fastening steps:

directly to the central, supporting column, assembled from metal parts, lined with brick or stone;
treads are placed on top of each other. Their intersection becomes a support column;
with fastening to stringers or bowstrings. The central support may be absent or used as an additional element that provides strength. Railings and bolts are used as a link;
steps in addition to the stringer or the central rack are attached to the wall.

Benefits of a spiral staircase

The first thing to mention is the elegant appearance. The number of design and finish options is endless: from gothic and wrought iron railings to high-tech and postmodernism. There is no feeling of "heaviness", a light "transparent" design does not distract attention, while visually "increasing" the height of the ceilings.

Do not forget about saving space. Not everyone has the opportunity to allocate half the floor for the placement of stairs. A modern technologies and materials make it possible not to spend half of the state on organizing transitions from floor to floor.

Important points during construction

A spiral staircase is built subject to the following criteria:

the distance between floors or intermediate platforms is at least 2 meters;
for the manufacture of the central support, a pipe with a wall thickness of 4 mm or more is used. Column diameter - 50-60 mm and more;
at the support, the depth of the steps is not less than 10 cm, at the railing - 40 cm. For treads in the shape of a rectangle, the optimal depth is 20 cm or more. For one full turn (3600), at least 12 steps up to 1 meter wide are required. Moving two at the same time is quite difficult, not to mention lifting or lowering furniture.

You can build a spiral staircase yourself. But the calculation of the number of treads, their height and turn requires special knowledge. To avoid mistakes and subsequent rework, it is better to contact specialists, at least at the design stage. If you decide to go through all the stages yourself, listen to the following tips:

the best material is beech or oak wood. It has good strength, can withstand decades of operation;
there should be no sharp edges or nicks. After sanding and sanding, all wooden parts are varnished with parquet;
the first baluster is not attached to the first step, but to the floor next to it for greater structural strength.

Straight wooden staircase to the second floor

A single-flight span is the easiest way to organize movement around the house. It has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include:

simplicity of design, ease of movement and a minimum of preliminary calculations. Even with little experience, but with due diligence, the manufacture and installation of stringers can be completed in a few days;
it is enough to make a sample of the tread and riser, and cut out all the details on them in the future;
if space along the wall is chosen for placement, then it is advisable to fasten one edge of the steps to a brick or concrete partition to increase strength.

There is also a disadvantage to be noted. Ideally, the slope ranges from 26-450, and the stairs take up a lot of space. You will have to decide where to place it and what to do with the space under the stairs.

Design parameters

It is not worth neglecting the design stage even if we are talking about 2-3 steps. The project helps to determine both the appearance and the overall length and other technical specifications. Regardless of the wishes of the owner in terms of registration, the requirements of SNiP remain the same for all modifications of flights of stairs:

step height - no more than 20 cm. Both the riser and the tread itself are taken into account;
depth - not less than 25-30 cm;
when calculating the width, they are guided by the dimensions doorways. The standard prescribes that a flight of stairs designed to move one person should not be narrower than 80 cm;
boards are selected well-dried with a thickness of at least 4 cm, without knots, cracks, or other defects that can lead to deformation. If you are ordering wood parts to be made in-house, make sure they are the same size, sanded, sanded and polished.

Why do you need a layout

Construction work begins with a plywood layout. Don't give up if you don't have enough experience. It is better to spend a few extra days, but avoid fatal mistakes.

Exact copies of stringers, risers and treads are cut out of plywood. They are assembled, "fitting" at the installation site. The dimensions, ease of use, placement of balusters under the railing are being specified. It is quite possible that you will have to add / reduce the number of steps, adjust the height of the lowest one.

The layout is ready, we proceed to work on the original

If the plywood copy is completely satisfied, proceed to work with the boards. It is not necessary to immediately install stringers or bowstrings at the place of permanent placement. Assembly is done on the floor. First, risers are mounted, then tread. Hats of fasteners (nails or wood screws) should not protrude above the surface.

For fastening to the floor and stairway, special mounting loops or parts are used, which are laid in the floors during the construction of the main building.

Upon completion of work on the steps, proceed to the installation of railings: wood, metal, profile pipe. A specific option is selected taking into account the general style, wall material, floor. On each tread, experts recommend placing one baluster. The presence of crossbars - individually. It is advisable to install them if there are small children in the house, or the railings are made of metal. On a wooden structure, crossbars are unnecessary.

Stairs with 90 degree turn

If the space for placing a flight of stairs is limited or the structure has more than 10-12 steps, experts recommend making an intermediate platform with a turn of 90 or 180 degrees, mounted in the walls of the house from two or three sides.

Calculations of the number and width of treads are carried out in the same way as for a standard single-flight span with a small exception. Does the turntable consist of winder steps? They are designed according to the type spiral staircase. At the narrowest point, the depth is at least 10 cm, at the widest point - 40 cm.

To facilitate calculations, millimetric paper is used. On it, in compliance with the scale, the upper and lower spans, the transition platform are drawn, winder steps are laid. In the middle line, their depth is not less than 20 cm. Otherwise, it will be problematic to go up / down. Do you critically evaluate your own abilities in drawing? Refer to special calculation programs distributed free of charge.

If the turntable does not provide for the use of winders, a frame is prepared corresponding to the width of the marches. For fastening the frame-platform are used:

one or two walls of the house;
common kosour;
support pillars. They are subsequently used as a base for a built-in wardrobe in the under-stair space.

For reliability, it is recommended to make a draft version of plywood or waste board. The turntable is a complex structure. Correcting errors is almost impossible. On a plywood layout, it is easier to correct the number of steps or the angle of rotation if there are inaccuracies in the calculations.

Installation of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees

kosour is attached to the wall with anchor bolts;
support poles are installed if they are provided for by the project. They can be concreted into the floor and further strengthened with mounting loops with bolts;
an external kosour is attached to the supporting pillars. At each stage, slopes, the presence / absence of deviations from the plan are carefully checked;
on stringers or bowstrings in the grooves, risers are first attached, then treads. For greater strength, it is recommended to glue all seams;
installation of the upper span ends with the installation of winder steps. The presence of gaps between structural parts is unacceptable;
railings and balusters are installed last.

Do-it-yourself wooden staircase to the second floor with a 180 turn

In a private house, situations are not uncommon when there is no place for placing a direct mid-flight staircase, and it is undesirable to build a spiral staircase. For example, elderly people live in the building. In this case, you should pay attention to modifications with a rotation of 1800, made using one of two technologies:

two marches “meet” at an intermediate interfloor platform, equal in width to the spans plus an additional gap separating them. The site can be capital (reinforced concrete slab) or wooden on supports or built into the wall. For each run, a standard calculation is performed;
in place of the site - winder steps that form a turn. The option is more difficult to manufacture, but more ergonomic. When ascending / descending, you do not have to change the pace of movement. But, it must be borne in mind that the running treads have a trapezoidal shape. Navigating them is more difficult than standard rectangular ones.

Project development

on a sheet of graph paper, projections of the stairs are drawn vertically and horizontally in compliance with the scale;

the steps of the upper and lower flights are marked, taking into account the requirements of SNiP for height, depth, width;
They do the same with refugees. In the simplest case, there will be four. But this option may be inconvenient if the site is large. Also, experts recommend making cross-country steps not only directly on the site, but also part of the nearest marching ones, in order to make the movement more comfortable;
the basis of the whole composition is the central support pillar with a section of 10 x 10 cm or more. Both span stringers and winder steps in the narrow part are attached to it.

Installation of stairs with a 180 degree turn

Preparation of holsters with grooves for treads: two shorter ones and four long ones. The short ones reach the support post, the long ones reach the wall behind the transition platform. The stringers of the lower span are attached with anchor bolts to the support beam of the floor of the first floor. In the upper part - either to the pole or to the wall. The stringers of the upper span are attached to the ceiling, pillar and wall;

for treads, risers (if any), a transition platform, a board with a thickness of 4 cm or more is used without knots, notches that can ruin the structure;
All details are cut according to the template, carefully polished. At the initial stage, risers are installed, then - treads. For fixing, self-tapping screws with a flat head and glue are needed. It is possible to replace self-tapping screws with dowels;
transition steps are set. The wide edge is attached to the wall, the narrow part - to the support post;
at the last stage, railings are mounted. Holes are drilled in the steps. For fastening, bolts with a length of at least 10 cm or wooden studs are used. The lower (uppermost) baluster is located on the floor, even before the first step.

Outdoor wooden stairs to the second floor

Building wooden stairs on the street practically does not differ in technology from the process in the room. The type of construction is selected, the number of steps, the parameters of the transition platform are calculated. There are also nuances:

wood does not like moisture. There are several ways to avoid excessive water absorption and rapid destruction, for example, place it under a canopy. It is necessary to choose types of wood that are resistant to water, such as oak or larch. But at the same time, the project significantly increases the cost. You can make railings and treads from wood, and use metal or reinforced concrete for load-bearing structures;
under the lower supports, a tape or is equipped. Otherwise, subsidence is inevitable. Mounting loops are attached to the ends of the stringers, followed by embedding in concrete. So the design will become more reliable.

How to paint a wooden staircase

The staircase is ready, the railings are installed, the steps are lined, the decorative panels and slats are mounted, masking the stringers and fasteners. It's time to move on to painting or varnishing.

Industry Offers different variants paint solutions. Each of them deserves separate consideration.

Alkyd paints

dry quickly;
the composition includes special substances with the effect of antiseptics to protect against insects and putrefactive processes;
allowed for indoor use, non-toxic, do not cause an allergic reaction;
wide range of colors.

Acrylic paints

drying time is minimal;
no unpleasant odors;
dyes do not change color and saturation under the influence of sunlight or artificial light;
the color palette is able to satisfy the most sophisticated taste.

Oil paints

minimum cost;
the structure of the tree is not preserved during painting, the surface "does not breathe";
with intensive use of the stairs, it will be necessary to periodically re-stain;
dries for a long time while maintaining an unpleasant, pungent odor.

Enamel paints

ideal for indoor work, as they dry very quickly;
in the composition there are no toxins and elements that give a pungent odor;
in the course of work it is necessary to ventilate the room in a constant mode. It is advisable not to work during rainy or high humidity periods.

Lucky

most of them are not recommended for outdoor use, as they do not withstand low temperatures;
dry quickly;
preserve and emphasize the structure of the tree;
the surface is smooth (provided that at least 3 layers are applied) and shiny;
it is better to choose alcohol-based options;
"yacht" modification cannot be used for interior design due to the high content of toxic substances and bad smell, which persists for a long time.

wood stain

it is used both as an independent tool for wood processing, and as a base for paint;
preserves and emphasizes the structure of the original material, has fire-retardant properties, especially in combination with polish layers.

Experts say that the best option for painting the stairs in the room are alkyd paints. For greater effect, they are varnished on top.

Painting options

The stairs are painted in one of two ways:

before installation. Each element is colored separately. Assembly work begins after complete drying. The main difficulty in this case is not to damage the paint or varnish layer during the assembly process, drilling holes;
after installation. There are options here. If the second floor is residential, and the staircase is the only one, they paint through the step. After the first "batch" dries, they move on to the second.

If it is possible not to use the second floor yet, or an additional descent is provided, painting is carried out without passes. This option is preferable, as there will be no color variation.

Regardless of the chosen staining method, at least 5 hours must be added to the time specified by the manufacturer. The direction of the strokes is along the grain of the wood.

The subtleties of staining pine stairs

Pine boards require special handling. Resin is actively released on their surface. If it is not removed before staining, the paint will lie unevenly, will not penetrate deep into the structure, and will darken in places over time. Removing resin is a mandatory step in the work.

For deresining, a 25% acetone solution is used. It is applied to all surfaces, followed by wiping with a damp cloth. Apply paint or varnish after complete drying. If there is too much resin in certain areas, it is recommended to cut them out and putty the surface for leveling.

General technology for painting a wooden staircase

cleaning the surface from debris, construction dust, chips;
grinding, priming chips, cracks, scratches;
after the soil has dried, a new sanding cycle is carried out with the removal of debris;
Ideally, the surfaces are primed again 24 hours after the initial treatment. But this only applies to coloring. The tree is not primed under varnish;
paint or varnish is applied in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. It is not recommended to choose both too hot days and rainy ones for work;
in the process of staining, there should be no dripping drops on the surface;
varnish is applied in 3-5 layers.

When choosing a color, you need to focus on your own preferences, the style of the room, design solution Houses. If steps or balusters of several colors are planned, then it is better to paint before the assembly process.

Building a staircase to the second floor with your own hands is a difficult task, but not hopeless. With a little effort, everything is done in a few days.

Additional services

The company "Lesenok" offers a wide range of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees from pine, oak, beech, ash and larch. We guarantee quality, efficiency of manufacturing and installation, and our own production allows us to set affordable prices.

Description and types of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees

The device includes two marches, and the angle of rotation is 90º. The 90-degree turn staircase is compact in size and is ideal for houses and cottages with a small area or non-standard layout. In most cases, installation is carried out in a corner.

There are two main types:

Winder designs are compact and require minimal space for installation. It is worth noting the smoothness of the rise and a large selection of unique models.
A 90º turn wooden ladder with a platform is safer to operate. A niche is formed under the flight of stairs, where you can put a closet, organize a storage room or install shelves for books or interior items.

Right-handed and left-handed ladders are on sale.

When choosing, you need to be based on the following points:

the presence of window and door openings;
dimensions of the interfloor space;
architectural features of the walls and ceiling.

When buying for help and advice, you can contact the managers of the Lesenok company.

We will give you detailed advice
to accurately assess the scope of the work.

3 requirements for the calculation and installation of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees

Various stairs with a 90 degree turn are quite compact designs. Sometimes they are supplemented with special intermediate platforms. Although some masters prefer to use winders in order to save space. Yes, it is quite possible to make such structures with your own hands. But this is an extremely complex process that requires precise calculations.

Turning staircases with winder steps are a kind of intermediate option between straight structures and more complex, helical structures.

Standard requirements for turning stairs

Detailed instructions for the calculation and installation of the structure, posted in this article, will help create not just a beautiful, but a truly reliable staircase that will serve its owners for many years. However, before proceeding with its manufacture, you should familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for structures of such a plan:

the height of the stairway must be at least 2 m;
the length of the steps of the products should range from 80 to 110 cm;
the width of the steps (on a straight march) cannot exceed 37 cm.

The minimum width of steps for a rotary structure, most often, is exactly 35 cm

But the height of the steps should reach 17 cm. Its increase at times will increase the load when climbing the stairs, the photo of which is below. In addition, during the descent, these elements may well become traumatic. Separately, it is worth mentioning the width of the winder steps. In the middle part, it cannot be less than 20 cm, and in the narrowest part - less than 10 cm, this is really important.

The height of steps on a straight march cannot be less than 14 cm under any circumstances

After watching all sorts of videos about stairs posted on various network resources, you can understand that the aforementioned building is considered not only extremely convenient, but also incredibly functional. However, during its manufacture it is necessary to take into account a lot of nuances. One of them is the optimal number of turning steps. For a structure with a width of 80 cm, it is recommended to use three such elements, no more.

An increase in the number of turning steps sometimes has an extremely negative effect on the level of convenience of a ladder product.

You should also pay attention to the dimensions of these steps. When calculating their dimensions, it is also necessary to take into account the size of the existing protrusion. But the height of these parts should be the same in all parts of the structure being created.

The comfort of a 90-degree staircase is always calculated using a special formula based on the length of human steps. On average, it is 63 cm. Therefore, a really convenient structure corresponds to the following formula: 2 full step heights + optimal step depth = 63 ± 3 cm.

It is desirable that the slope of the finished product does not exceed 40 degrees. The depth of the design steps should range from 28 to 30 cm, but their height should be exactly 17 cm. Such an instruction for calculation and installation will allow you to create the required rotary product in a relatively short time.

The width of the structure as a whole is also very important. It directly affects the convenience of the applied rotary steps.

Competent manufacturing of a staircase structure: the choice of suitable materials

In order to make a high-quality staircase with your own hands, you will need to choose good materials. Basically, rotary structures are made exclusively from wood such as:

Beech. It is recommended to use it for rooms with high humidity.

Stairs made of beech always look incredibly attractive and elegant. That is why they have become so popular Maple. Such a material has excellent resistance to various external influences, but small cracks often appear on it.

Maple wood has sufficient bending strength, this also needs to be taken into account. Larch. This wood is extremely durable and hard.

Larch is very resistant to decay. And in terms of strength, it is slightly inferior only to Oak Oak. This material is also considered incredibly durable. However, it is quite heavy, so you need to take into account such a nuance when working.

Oak stairs are very beautiful and reliable. But they are also more expensive than their counterparts.

In some cases, staircase structures, photos of which are posted in the article, are also created from pine. But it should be carefully checked for knots. After all, under the influence of high temperatures, the structure can be deformed. If the existing knots fall out at the same time, the structure will be significantly weakened.

Yes, pine structures are far from the most durable. But their main advantage is considered to be quite reasonable cost.

What tools will need to be prepared in advance?

From the video on the manufacture of rotary stairs, you can find out that in order to create products of this type, it is necessary to stock up on certain tools:

professional screwdriver;
drill and drills;
jigsaw;
perforator;
a good hacksaw for wood;
chisel;
file;
axe;
hammer;
gas key;
convenient side clippers;
squares;
ruler;
level.

When working with a jigsaw, be sure to use special safety glasses and gloves.

In addition, craftsmen should prepare several bearing bars with a section of 100x100 mm. However, it can also be large. It all depends on the specific height of the march of the future design. To create a 90 degree stair you need to use edged board, the thickness of which is exactly 50 mm. It is also advisable to stock up on wood glue, special screws, anchor bolts, screws and corners.

Among other things, you need to purchase attractive balusters and handrails in advance. They will make the stairs more original

Step-by-step installation of a reliable design

Detailed instructions for the calculation and installation of a staircase structure, located in the article, will allow you to easily make an aesthetically attractive product that will fit into any interior. To create a high-quality design with their own hands, the craftsmen will have to:

Make a template in the form of a right triangle. It is desirable that its legs be equal to the height of the riser and the depth of the tread.
Attach the triangle securely directly to the guide rail.
Mark the stringers with a template and cut off the excess.

In the thinnest part, the width of the finished kosour should not be less than 15 cm

Install the support pillars, having previously hollowed out the grooves for the stringers in them.

Secure the upper ends of the elements with the prepared corners.

During the installation of kosour, it is necessary to carefully monitor the level. Thanks to this, the stair steps will later lie strictly horizontally.

Cut winder steps from a rectangular board, fitting them in length.

Apply at least three layers of glue to the steps.

Cut grooves in the posts for the steps.

For winder steps, you must use a board with dimensions of 900x900x40 mm. And the height of the grooves designed to secure these elements should be less than the thickness of the board

Modify the supporting structure from the outside.

Secure straight steps with longer self-tapping screws.

Make a lower flight of stairs on a bowstring.

Trim the end of the bowstring exclusively at a right angle.

Balusters are usually installed at the end, this can be clearly seen in the photo. First, the craftsmen drill small holes in the steps and carefully fill them with glue. And then they make exactly the same holes in the balusters themselves (in the center). Dowels are used to secure the elements.

In principle, fastening balusters is also allowed with the help of self-tapping screws. But this method is considered less reliable.

Then the rope is pulled between the first and last pillar. It marks the optimal angle of inclination of the railing. To prepare the balusters for the installation of handrails, it is enough to carefully cut off the tops of the racks. And the railing is already fastened with self-tapping screws. In general, the manufacturing process of the turntable perfectly describes this video.

The best combination of price and quality!

Of course, it is quite possible to create stairs with a 90-degree turn on your own. But it is much easier to purchase ready-made structures with the help of our specialists in Moscow at the lowest prices.

The standard set of this staircase includes a metal frame, a railing on one side and uncoated pine steps.

Do-it-yourself staircase to the second floor made of wood with a 90-degree turn: calculation and installation

For the manufacture of stairs, a lot is offered modern materials. Nevertheless, wooden stairs in the interior of the house are the standard of impeccable style. It is wooden structures that form the feeling home comfort. The key points in the arrangement of the stairs are accurate calculation, high-quality manufacturing and correct installation. Do-it-yourself stairs to the second floor made of wood with a 90-degree turn can be installed by strictly following the recommendations for design and calculation of the structure. It will save usable space and ensure free and comfortable movement on it.

Accurate calculation of a wooden staircase greatly simplifies its installation, guarantees convenience and long service life.

Types of stairs to the second floor. Photo design of different models

Before equipping your house with a ladder structure, it is necessary to determine exactly what type of ladder will be and from what material. The choice of the type of ladder system depends on its location in the room, the layout of the house and the individual preferences of the owner. The materials for their manufacture, given the rapid growth of technology, can be a variety of samples: plexiglass and ceramics, a natural stone and marble, metal and wood.

Marching stairs - the most popular way of arranging stairs

The main types of stairs are classified according to the type of bearing element:

mid-flight stairs - on stringers or bowstrings;
spiral staircases - with support in the form of a carrier rack;
ladders on bolts - beskosourny systems. The steps of such a ladder are attached to the wall, and are connected to each other with the help of bolts;
combined - when one system includes several types of structures.

L-shaped mid-flight turntable with a platform

The main difference of the stringer design is that the steps are fixed on top of the supporting element. While in bowstring systems recesses are provided, where steps are inserted. Marching systems, in turn, may consist of several marches interconnected by a platform or winder steps.

The choice of one or another marching system depends on the location of the stairs in the room and the availability of the necessary space for its installation. In the case when space is limited, rotary systems of mid-flight stairs are used. For connection different levels in private cottages, stairs made of wood are most often used. Such designs are quite light, fit well into various interiors and can be made by yourself.

Staircase with 180 degree rotation

Numerous photos of wooden stairs to the second floor with their own hands confirm the popularity of using this material for stair structures.

Stairs on the rails do not have a frame in their design. Each step of such a ladder, with the help of special fasteners, rests on the wall on one side, and on the other, it is connected in series with bolts. The designs of stairs on the bolts have an openwork light appearance and are highly durable. You can install such stairs along the wall, which will be the supporting element, or in any other place in the room - then the metal profile will act as the supporting structure.

The variety of modern staircase systems in the interior is evidenced by the photos of the stairs in the house to the second floor with their own hands.

90 degree winder staircase

Types of rotary mid-flight stairs

Marching ladder systems can be straight and rotary. Direct marches in private houses are used when the dimensions of the rooms are spacious enough to install a long straight span. Most often, wooden rotary systems are used to connect the first and second floors. So, there are stairs made of wood to the second floor with a turn of 90 and 180 degrees. They are called L-shaped and U-shaped, respectively.

Marches of L-shaped stairs can be interconnected by platforms, two winder (turning) steps, three turning steps. The greater the number of rotary steps, the less convenient it will be to move along them. The structures of the stairs, installed in the corner and having a fence, include in their design an angular (support) pillar, on which winder steps, balusters and a bowstring are attached. The corner post is installed on the base or can be suspended.

90 degree turn stairs

U-shaped stair systems are structurally solved through a turntable or winder steps. When arranging U-shaped stairs important point is that the staircase railing in the upper projection should not intersect, so it is important to correctly calculate the stairs to the second floor. Both in U-shaped and L-shaped turning stairs, the use of winder steps allows you to save the space of the room as much as possible.

The space left under the turning stairs is often used to advantage for storage or cabinets. Some photos of stairs to the second floor in a private house clearly demonstrate this with their own hands.

Do-it-yourself staircase to the second floor made of wood with a 90-degree turn: we design it ourselves

Many manufacturers today offer ready-made sets of elements for stair systems. To order such stairs to the second floor, you will need to make accurate measurements of the height of the span, determine the expected width and length of the stairs and transfer the data to the selling company. However, this method will deprive you of the pleasure of making the staircase structure yourself, endowing it with individuality and originality.

Materials and tools for making a wooden staircase to the second floor with your own hands

The use of wood in construction, including for the manufacture of staircases, is due to high strength characteristics, environmental friendliness, ease of processing and a relatively affordable price.

The width of the stairs is selected based on considerations of ease of movement and the availability of free space

A staircase to the second floor with your own hands made of wood with a 90-degree turn can be made of the following hardwoods:

beech - used for rooms where high humidity is not observed;
maple - its wood is very stable, has sufficient bending strength. However, it should be borne in mind that maple is prone to cracking;
oak is an excellent building material. It has strength, hardness, rather heavy material;
larch is a rot-resistant, hard and durable wood. In terms of hardness, this breed is second only to oak.

Marching rotary stairs are convenient for movement and reliable in operation

Sometimes pine is used for stairs, but you should check the wood for knots. Under the influence temperature regime possible deformation ladder construction, as a result of which the knots may fall out, and entail a weakening of the structure.

When starting to manufacture a ladder structure, the wood must first be thoroughly dried and treated with special compounds to make it resistant to moisture, mold and fungus.

Elements of a marching staircase with a turn of 90 degrees

To make a wooden staircase to the second floor you will need:

load-bearing timber 100x100 mm (the cross section can be large, depending on the height of the flight of stairs);
edged board 40-50 mm thick;
handrails, railings, balusters;
wood glue for sealing all connecting lines and gaps.

For arranging a wooden staircase, choose well-dried and well-treated wood

A staircase to the second floor with your own hands made of wood with a 90-degree turn can be made and mounted using the following tools:

a hacksaw for wood, a set of drills, a chisel, a file;
screwdriver, puncher, drill, jigsaw;

Useful advice! When working with a power tool, follow the safety rules: use protective equipment (glasses, gloves), do not hold on to the cord of a running tool, watch the position of the wire to avoid damaging it, do not use the tool near an open flame.

ax, hammer;
square, ruler, level;
gas wrench, side cutters (side cutters);
hardware: self-tapping screws, screws, anchors, corners.

With a hacksaw, it is convenient to cut the wooden parts of the stairs

Features of calculations of a 90-degree swivel ladder structure

For the correct calculation and design of a mid-flight turning staircase, you should familiarize yourself with some of the features of such structures.

The main elements in them are:

load-bearing beams - these can be string or string beams;
steps - in rotary stairs these are straight steps and rotary (winder), with the help of which the rotation of the structure is realized;
stair railings - include balusters, railings and handrails.

Prefabricated wooden balusters in various colors and shapes

The calculation of turning stairs is carried out using:

geometric formulas;
graphic methods - here you will need to determine the middle line of the span (march). In a curved structure, this line runs parallel to the inner edge of the structure at a distance corresponding to the middle of the step width. The radius of curvature of the turning step depends on the radius of the circle between the two spans.
you can use the online calculator for calculation, where the basic data are entered: the length and width of the opening, the height of the steps, the thickness of the stringer and the protrusion of the steps.

The choice and calculation of the mid-flight design of the stairs is determined by the width of the opening and the height of the room

Do-it-yourself calculation of a wooden staircase to the second floor: drawings, diagrams, tables

When calculating a wooden staircase to the second floor with your own hands with a 90-degree turn, you should decide how the turn will be provided: through an inter-march platform or turning (winder) steps. Considering that stairs with a platform are installed in fairly spacious houses, we will give as an example a turning staircase with winder steps.

The dimensions of the stairs are selected individually, but it is worth adhering to certain recommended parameters:

90 degrees

Typically, 90 degree turntables are popular with people who have limited space in their home. This type designs saves space, being compact. They are often installed in the corner, and under the steps the owners organize pantries, putting useful equipment and various little things there. The advantages of such structures are also affordable price, a large number of configurations and versatility. Thanks to the latter, they look great in any interior.

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If the room has high ceilings, then you should also pay attention to the buildings from a series of steps with a 90-degree turn. To make lifting safer, it is preferable to use an intermediate platform during the construction of structures.

Let's highlight some of the features:

the space under the steps can be used for your own needs;
may, if necessary, have entry from any side: ninety-degree stairs are right-handed and left-handed;
winder steps during the construction of the structure are smaller in height, unlike other types of stairs;
marches are at right angles, the intermediate platform is executed in the form of a square.

The most commonly used material in the manufacture is wood. By production of stairs of wooden rotary on 90 degrees firm breeds of wood are used: an oak, an ash-tree, a beech. Or semi-solid: spruce, larch, pine. Wooden structures have always been famous for their elegance. In addition, wooden products will have a beneficial effect on health.

The presented structure, right-handed or left-handed, can be equipped with winder steps. Climbing a winder staircase with a 90-degree turn cannot be called very comfortable, since the inside of its steps is smaller than the outside. However, the design is elegant and correct location saves a lot of space and will serve for many years.

Calculation of a turntable at ninety degrees

Calculate dimensions finished construction the task is not an easy one. You can use special mathematical formulas, but it's easier to do this with the help of an online calculation calculator, which can be found on the Internet. You will need the following measurements:

distance between two floors (from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second);
opening length;
building width.

This is the minimum set of parameters that you will need.
With certain knowledge and skills, you can carry out the calculation yourself. If not, then we recommend using the services of our professional measurer.

Ways to buy and order

If you decide to buy a ninety-degree turning structure with a landing or with a platform, then you have come to the right place. The World of Stairs company in Moscow offers a wide range of ready-made right-hand, left-hand and universal structures, which you can find on our website. We also have the opportunity to order a product according to an individual sketch. In this case, you need to contact the operators and describe to them your wishes for the future building. The price will also be calculated individually. If you would like the experts to contact you themselves, then send a request via e-mail. Our employees are always glad to new clients and are ready to help them in their choice.

The prices of all goods correspond to quality. We also always have discounts and promotions.

Delivery of the finished structure is carried out in Moscow at a convenient time and place for you. It is possible to use the self-delivery service.

Choose high quality - buy and order stairs in our company in Moscow!

Stairs swivel 90 degrees

The Stil-T company manufactures and sells 90-degree turning stairs, which have another name - L-shaped. This is due to the fact that if you look at the structure from above, it looks like the letter G. Depending on the wishes of the customer, the turn can be made through the platform or through triangular (winder) steps. If we talk about convenience, then the option with a platform is the most convenient, but this design takes up more space.

Selection of stairs according to parameters

Stairs found by parameters

Open stairs on a metal frame LT series

Graceful stairs on a reliable metal frame made of thick steel sheet. Stairs are made according to individual sizes. Steps to choose from: solid wood, metal, glass, stone. Fences can be forged in a classic style, or in modern style: stainless steel, glass, wood and their combinations. Ladders are made to order, the production time is from 3 working days to 4 weeks, depending on the configuration you choose.

Stair geometry options:

Closed stairs on a metal frame KO series

Classical closed stairs with wooden steps on a reliable metal frame. The frame of the stairs - two metal kosour from the channel, provides the stairs with tremendous strength and rigidity, and wooden steps create comfort in use. From below, the stairs are hemmed with drywall or wood. You can lay out a wall under the stairs, and you get an excellent additional room. If you need a staircase in a modern style, a stainless steel or glass railing is installed. If you like classic style, completely wooden or forged fences are installed. Ladders are made to order, the production time is from 3 working days to 4 weeks, depending on the configuration you choose.

Let's highlight some of the features:

the space under the steps can be used for your own needs;
may, if necessary, have entry from any side: ninety-degree stairs are right-handed and left-handed;
winder steps during the construction of the structure are smaller in height, unlike other types of stairs;
marches are at right angles, the intermediate platform is executed in the form of a square.

The presented structure, right-handed or left-handed, can be equipped with winder steps. Climbing a winder staircase with a 90-degree turn cannot be called very comfortable, since the inside of its steps is smaller than the outside. However, the design has an elegant appearance, and if properly located, it will save a lot of space and will serve for many years.

Calculation of a turntable at ninety degrees

Calculating the dimensions of the finished structure is not an easy task. You can use special mathematical formulas, but it's easier to do this with the help of an online calculation calculator, which can be found on the Internet. You will need the following measurements:

distance between two floors (from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second);
opening length;
building width.

The wooden staircase is a great decoration country house. For the rational use of space, an L-shaped staircase structure with winder steps or an intermediate platform is often installed. The turntable has enough complex structure, and its manufacture requires accurate calculations of the main parameters and competent installation.

Choosing the best type of stairs for your home

The choice of the type of staircase should be approached carefully, taking into account the layout and dimensions of the house, the age of the residents and the design of the room. It is necessary to determine in advance the material of manufacture, the dimensions of the structure and how the space under the stairs will be used.

Each type of staircase structure has its own characteristics in terms of installation and use. The following designs are among the most popular stairs for the home.

The stairway is easy to manufacture and install, but it occupies a large area in the room. This design can be placed along the wall or installed in the middle of the room. The direct design is not suitable for small houses, where every square meter counts. Its successful alternative is the turning staircase to the second floor. It is not difficult to create such a lift with your own hands, the main thing is to perform the correct calculations.

Swivel stairs have a number of advantages:

compactness - take up little space, while maintaining the optimal design parameters;
ease of use - safe for walking children and the elderly;
aesthetics - turning stairs look beautiful in interiors of different styles.

Important! A 90° swivel staircase is usually placed in a corner. You can take a turn in any area. The direction of movement for a walking person is almost imperceptible and does not reduce the convenience of movement.

Turning stairs are of two types: with a platform or winder steps. When choosing, it must be taken into account that the smaller the number of rotary steps, the more convenient it is to move along them.

Spiral staircases are indispensable when arranging a limited space. Cons of the design: low throughput and difficulty in lifting large items.

An interesting option is a combined staircase with elements of a marching and spiral structure. Looks very nice and elegant.

Basic requirements for stairs

Corner stairs are designed taking into account the general requirements:

In addition to existing standards, when planning and calculating stairs, it is advisable to take into account the advice of professionals:

It is better not to place a ladder in the living room - this will create certain inconveniences. The best option- impassable place, which is involved the least.
It is necessary to provide free access to the ladder structure.
At self construction it is better to give preference to a simple structure with a platform, rather than winder steps.
Immediately it is necessary to provide for the possibility of skidding up the stairs large equipment and furniture.
A practical solution for the corridor is a closed staircase, the space under which can be used for storage. V small room it is better to place an open staircase - visually the space will appear larger.
In advance, you need to find out the material of the ceiling (ceiling), where the opening will be made for access to the attic or attic. Working with a monolithic slab creates significant difficulties.
Do-it-yourself metal staircase to the second floor wooden house can be erected only when the house has shrunk. As a rule, this is 1-1.5 years after construction. Otherwise, the structure will be deformed.

Revolving staircase design

Everything structural elements stairs can be divided into three groups:

bearing components;
steps and platforms;
fencing elements.

The main components include:

stringers - supports on which steps are mounted;
bowstring - a side element for supporting steps from the ends and from below; the beam is installed at an angle;
bolts - metal bolts for fixing steps to the walls of the house.

The supporting structure is the basis of the stairs, which takes on the weight of the remaining elements and the load from the movement of people along it.

Steps consist of a tread and a riser. 90° turn stairs use winders or intermediate landings.

Enclosing elements ensure the safety of movement. The fencing system includes:

balusters - vertical posts on which the railing rests;
railings - used to protect marches and intermediate platforms;
handrail - mounted on balusters or attached to the wall.

Important! According to building codes the height of the railing should be in the range of 86-110 cm.

Do-it-yourself calculation of the stairs to the second floor

You can do the calculation and create a diagram of the stairs to the second floor with your own hands in different ways:

Mathematical formulas. A complex method, the implementation of which requires knowledge of the strength of materials.
Online calculator. To calculate, it is enough to enter the main parameters of the stairs into the program: the height of the steps, the width / length of the opening, the size of the protrusion of the steps and the thickness of the stringer.
Graphic way. The simplest option, which is suitable for self-calculation.

To create a drawing, you need to prepare a sheet of graph paper, a simple pencil and a ruler. On paper will be displayed detailed plan ladder construction in the projection. With the help of the scheme, it will be possible to accurately establish the desired dimensions.

To make the calculation of the stairs with the hands of the cottage on the second floor, you need to decide on the main parameters:

The middle line of the march. This line runs on straight sections of the march through the center. On curved segments, the line is drawn at a distance equal to ½ of the step width parallel to the inner edge of the staircase.
The radius of curvature of the winder line. This value directly depends on the diameter of the circle between the two perpendicular flights of stairs.
The angle of rotation is projected between the outer edges of the steps.
The width of the steps is determined by the center line.

To build a drawing, you need the basic parameters of the stairs:

L - the length of the projection of the flight of stairs in the horizontal plane at a distance from the top of the angle of rotation to the last step;
S - march width;
R - radius of curvature;
B - tread width.

Procedure:

Draw a circle with radius L/2.
Divide the circle in half - draw a line at an angle of 45 °. Draw two lines to the circle - this will be the center of the flight of stairs.
Inscribe segments in the middle line, the length of which is equal to the width of the steps.
On the middle line, draw straight flights of stairs.
Draw two perpendicular lines AC and AB along the boundaries of the steps.
From point A, draw two lines to the edges of the central winder. The size of the resulting segment "e" must be at least 100 mm, and the segment "d" - no more than 400 mm.

We make a staircase to the second floor with our own hands: detailed instructions

Preparation of the necessary materials and tools

Wood does not lose popularity in the manufacture of stairs today, despite the appearance a large number contemporary building materials. For the manufacture of staircases, it is recommended to use hardwoods:

maple - differs in bending strength and stability, but is prone to cracking;
beech - recommended for rooms where there is no high humidity;
oak is a rather heavy material with hardness and strength;
larch - resistant to decay.

Advice. You can make a staircase to the second floor with your own hands from inexpensive wood, such as pine. The main thing is to choose high-quality material without knots. Over time, due to temperature fluctuations, a slight deformation of the staircase structure may occur. As a result, knots may fall out, which will entail a weakening of the structure.

So, from the materials you will need:

edged board - thickness 40-50 mm;
load-bearing beam with a section of 100 * 100 mm;
railings, handrails, balusters;
joiner's glue for sealing gaps and docking lines.

To build a staircase to the second floor with your own hands, you need to prepare the following tools:

a wood saw, a chisel, a file and a set of drills;
perforator, jigsaw, drill and screwdriver;
hammer and ax;
building level, ruler, square;
side cutters and gas key;
corners, anchors, self-tapping screws and screws.

Important! Working with power tools requires strict adherence to safety regulations. It is necessary to use protective equipment, do not hold a working tool by the cord and monitor the position of the wire.

Making and installing a simple staircase to the second floor with your own hands

Stage 1. Manufacturing of stringers. The work is carried out in the following sequence:

Make a template in the shape of a right triangle. The legs of the figure are equal to the depth and height of the step. For ease of use, it is better to fix the workpiece on the guide rail.
Use the template to mark wooden beam and cut with a jigsaw or a hacksaw for wood. We must not forget that the smallest part of the stringer in width must be at least 15 cm.

Stage 2. Installation of stringers. Work order:

V support post hollow out a groove for installing a stringer.
Install the support, and mount the base for the winders in the corner.
From the upper side, attach the stringers with metal corners to the ceiling beam, and from the bottom - to the support beams. When installing the stringers, it is necessary to control that the grooves under the steps are clearly opposite each other. Otherwise, the steps will turn out to be skewed. When leveling, it is necessary to focus not on the floor surface, but on the level.

Stage 3. Cutting winder steps. Three steps can be used for the 90° swivel design. These elements can be made from a board measuring 90 * 90 cm, thickness - 4 cm.

Divide the wooden canvas with lines into three sectors. All lines should come from the same corner.
Cut the steps along the lines and correct their length.
Lacquer the steps.

Stage 4. Assembly of the staircase. Action algorithm:

Stage 5. The railing is installed in the following sequence:

Balusters are sometimes fastened with self-tapping screws. But a more reliable way is to use dowels (wooden rods).
Drill holes in the steps - the size of the diameter should be slightly smaller than the cross section of the dowel. Make the same hole in the center of the balusters. In rectangular balusters, the center is defined as the intersection of its diagonals. The hole must be strictly vertical.
Fill the holes with PVA glue, install the dowel and fix the balusters.
Stretch the rope between the first and last post. On the balusters, mark the angle of inclination of the railing and, according to the markings, cut off the tops of the racks.
Fasten the handrail with self-tapping screws. Putty the attachment points.

Advice. For safe walking on the stairs, it is recommended to install balusters on each step. This is especially true if there are children in the house.