Step by step bath from a bar. A small bath from a bar with your own hands. Bath with a veranda

A shed on a suburban area is vital. Otherwise, you will have to store garden tools and equipment in the house itself. Naturally, this will not contribute to a comfortable stay. A barn is a simple structure of a lightweight type. Making it with your own hands is quite possible for most skilled men.

What is a frame shed for?

An outbuilding in the form of a barn on a suburban area is vital. It is intended for storing garden and garden tools, ranging from a simple shovel or chopper to a walk-behind tractor, a watering pump and other expensive equipment. In addition, it is simply unsafe to store pesticides, fertilizers or a small supply of gasoline in other rooms.

Thanks to the frame shed, it will be possible to store all garden tools

Benefits of frame construction

The main advantage frame structure is its rapid construction and low labor intensity of construction. The benefits are as follows:

The possibility of using lumber of the second or third grade.
Ease of design.
Opportunity fast travel to another place, if it is provided for by the structure of the building. To do this, the support frame is made with a small ledge and a notch at an angle of 45 degrees, forming a kind of skid.
Fast erection.

If we talk about the shortcomings of structures of this kind, then they arise only in connection with design or execution errors.

A frame shed is built simply and quickly

Preparation for construction, design and calculations

Preparation for the construction of the barn consists of the following activities:

Location determination. Since this building is intended to store items and materials needed for use in the garden, the barn must be placed on the site adjacent to the front garden. To save space, it is better to build it closer to the boundary. The rules establish that the barn should not be closer than one meter to the neighboring site.
The dimensions of the building in the plan are best chosen for reasons of rational use of materials. So, the optimal option would be a size of 6x4 meters. At the same time, the length corresponds to the dimensions of the standard lumber length - 6 meters, and the width assumes a two-meter-long departure, which can be used for racks on the low (rear) side of the building. For the front, you can cut the timber in half and take it completely on the racks.
Thus, the main dimensions of the barn with shed roof, the angle of inclination of which will be about 14 degrees. This is an ideal building option in terms of the rational use of materials.
The distance between the racks of the frame should be no more than one and a half meters. At the extreme openings, braces must be installed to counteract wind loads. The size of the beam for them should be the same as the size of the bearing support posts. If a beam of 100x100 millimeters is used, then the jibs can be made from a beam of 50x100. In total, you will need 8 pieces of such parts.
The upper trim of the frame must be made from a bar of the same size as the lower one, in our case it is 100x100 mm.
For rafters, you can use a bar 50x150 mm, installed vertically in width.
Wall cladding from the outside should be made from any waterproof sheet material: plywood, OSB boards, drywall. A common material for walls is unedged board. Tes must be sanded before installation.

Let's deal with the supporting structure. The barn does not need a massive foundation. It can be installed on concrete blocks small size, using them in the corners and in the middle of the walls. However, in areas with high wind loads, it is better to use screw anchors. This is a version of the screw pile in miniature. It is enough to install them at a distance of two meters from each other, the total need for such parts will be 8 pieces.

If you use the frame device scheme, you can make a solid barn with your own hands

Preparing the site for the shed

The site for this building is prepared as follows:

It is necessary to free up space from the fertile layer, which will require the removal of soil to a depth of 30 centimeters. The surface must be carefully leveled and compacted.
After that, it is necessary to arrange a drainage layer by pouring sand 12-15 centimeters thick into the recess. Fill the rest with gravel of medium fraction, compact the entire surface.

Thus, the likelihood of stagnation of water under the barn, which will easily leave through the drainage, is reduced.

Calculation of the need for materials

The amount of materials needed to build a barn is conveniently calculated in tabular form.

Table: an example of calculating materials for building a barn

Name	Purpose	Quantity (pcs)	Size (cm)	Normative data (pcs/m3)	Notes
Anchor	support structure	6
Pine beam 100x100 Total by type of material:	Bottom strap length Bottom strap width Top harness by lenght Top strap width Rack rear Rack rear Rack front Doorway	2 2 2 2 4 1 5 1 11	600 400 600 400 200 200 300 90s 200 600	16,6	From segments From the segment Total requirement 0.7 cubic meters
Beam 100x50 Total by type of material:	Additional crate in the openings jib Window openings 60x20 cm	24 8 2 2 11	150 300 160 600	33	Total requirement 0.33 cubic meters
The board is not edged Total by type of material:	Sheathing outer overlap of the rear wall The same for the front wall Same for side walls	48 48 32 56	200 300 300 600	28	Total requirement 2.0 cubic meters
Beam 50x150 mm	Translations	7	400	22	Remaining 7 pieces x200 mm Total requirement 0.33 cubic meters

In addition to the above, you will need a plastic film for a moisture protection device. With a width of three meters, it needs 20 linear meters for the outer protective layer and the same for the inner one. Depending on the price indicators, it can be replaced with roofing material.

The final covering of the roof is taken from the simplest of financial considerations. Suitable ordinary slate or fiberglass, galvanized or painted corrugated board. When calculating the need, it is necessary to take into account overhangs with a width of 0.3–0.5 meters.

Interior decoration is best made from sheet material. Useful and leftovers from the decoration of the house.

Thermal insulation in an unheated barn room has the opposite meaning. In hot weather, it is important to keep the temperature from overheating in the sun. In such a situation, without thermal insulation, it will be very uncomfortable to be in it. It is important to perform high-quality waterproofing of the walls.

A frame shed can also be built on poles

Barn building tools

For such a simple structure, the need for a tool is small.

Table: barn construction tool

Step-by-step instructions for building a frame barn

To build a barn, you need to perform a series of sequential steps:

What to make the foundation

A strong foundation is not needed to build a barn. Often it is installed simply on brick stands. It directly depends on the nature of the soil at the location. If the subsoil layer consists of clay or heavy loam, this threatens with significant soil movements, as a result of which the structure can be skewed with damage to the walls and jamming of the doors. In such a situation, a rather deep foundation is needed, the supporting part of which will be below the freezing level of the soil.

These conditions are met by the following types of support bases:

Pile-screw. Screw piles are screwed into the ground to the required depth, their upper ends must be aligned horizontally along the stretched cord. Then, heads are installed on them for attaching the support beam. In addition to the quality of the soil, such a choice can be made when building a barn on a slope.
Columnar. For the device, you need to dig (or drill) pits below the level of soil freezing. At the bottom, make drainage from sand (12–15 centimeters) and gravel in approximately the same layer, tamp the backfill. Reinforcement is carried out with a frame of steel bars in the amount of 4–6 pieces vertically, fastened with crossbars. The armored rack must be collected on the surface and immersed in the pit. Install the formwork of the desired height on top of the soil. Pouring concrete into the ground. After seven days, the formwork can be removed and work can continue.

It makes no sense to consider other foundation designs. They are heavier and more expensive in execution: tape, grillage and other types of support bases, and they are inappropriate for a building weighing several hundred kilograms.

Photo gallery: types of lightweight foundations for light buildings

The columnar foundation with a concrete grillage serves as a reliable support Lightweight foundation on piles will withstand loads on unfavorable soils Pile-screw foundation with a wooden grillage for the installation of a barn does not require excavation Strip foundation - a lightweight option for installing a light structure

Frame device

The base for the barn is ready for further installation when the timber trim is installed and fixed on top of the supports. It should represent a regular rectangle, the diagonals of which are equal to each other. The check is made by measuring with a long tape measure or cord.

Frame assembly:

Installing a lag for the floor. A bar measuring 50x150 mm is used. The distance between the lags should be 75 cm. Each of them cuts into the strapping beam to a depth of 50 mm. A corresponding cut is also made. You need to fasten it with a nail in the middle and two corners to the body of the strapping beam.
Installation of corner posts. Three meters high racks are installed on the front wall, two meters high on the back. The distance between them is 1.5 meters. Corner posts are placed vertically with plumb control. They need to be fixed with temporary jibs, once again check the verticality and fasten to the harness with two corners and two flat plates each. Fastening is done with self-tapping screws.
A cord is stretched between the corner posts and the rest are installed at a specified distance along it. Fastening is made by corners and plates.
Installation of the upper strapping from a bar 100x100 mm. Under the inclined bars, the supports are cut with the required slope.
Installation of translations for the device of a roof from a bar 50х150 mm. On the support bars, when connecting parts, a tie-in is performed. The translations are fastened with screws or M12 studs with wide washers, two screws per joint.
Fixing jib. They need to be placed from the top of the corner posts to the bottom trim. The material for them is a bar 50x100 mm. Fastening is done with self-tapping screws.
Lathing on the walls. It is made from a bar 50x100 mm. Parts are placed in openings formed by racks at a distance of a meter from each other parallel to the strapping. Fastening is carried out using flat plates with self-tapping screws.

As an option, you can consider making a barn frame from profile pipe size 60x60x3 mm. The dimensions of the building are the same, the distance from the base of the lower harness to the top should be two meters.

The profile pipe for the frame will ensure long-term operation of the barn

The work is carried out in the following order:

Preparation of parts: racks and crates. Metal cutting is done by a grinder. In addition to parts from pipes, you need to prepare metal corners that are installed on each pipe connection. The size of a triangular part made of steel 3 mm thick is 200x200 mm.
The frame is welded by electric welding with angle control. The front welds are cleaned, the reinforcement is removed.
Before further assembly, the metal frame is treated with a primer, then covered with paint for metal.
With a metal base, sheet materials are used for wall cladding: flat slate, fiberglass, OSB boards or moisture-resistant plywood.
Moisture protection in this embodiment is necessary. The film is pre-fixed with construction tape.
Translations and logs are made from the same timber as with a wooden frame.

Video: building a metal frame for a barn

Floor and wall cladding

Further work on a wooden or steel frame is carried out in almost the same way:

Wall covering. It can be made with various sheet materials. For economic reasons, we will opt for an unedged board. Before stuffing the boards on the racks and the crate, it is necessary to install moisture protection from a 200 micron thick polyethylene film or roofing material. You can fix it with a construction stapler on metal brackets.
Unedged boards are perfect for finishing the walls of the barn
Sheathing the back wall with boards should be done in segments two meters long, that is, three parts from each. Fill the first row of boards, on top of which install the second with overlapping slots. Similarly, sheathing the front wall with boards three meters long, as well as the sides of the barn. Trim the end of the side walls in place after the end of the wall cladding.
Before laying the roof, install a ceiling covering, which is best made from sheet material. First, arrange an inner crate from a board 25 mm thick, then stretch the moisture protection film, and fasten the front material to it with self-tapping screws.
For the ceiling in the barn, it is better to use sheet material
Perform ceiling insulation with any slab or roll material. A popular solution is to use expanded clay with a fraction of 5–10 millimeters. Pour it between transfers and level it. Install moisture protection on top, then the top coat of the roof.
To insulate the walls of the barn, you can lay one layer of insulation from the inside.
Then, sew on the support strips along the bottom of the lag plane, arrange a crate on them from an edged board 25 mm thick.
Install moisture protection.
Insulation of the floor is carried out in the same way as the ceiling.
Lay a floor covering over the log. First you need to make a draft floor. For it, you can use a cut or unedged board. A finishing coat is placed on top of the finished floor. Under the operating conditions of the barn, it is better to lay the floor flat slate or cement board.
The draft floor in the barn is made of boards
The last to perform wall cladding from the inside with any sheet material.

Calculation of the need for insulating materials

Thermal insulation of the floor is made with expanded clay. It is advisable to use a fraction of 5-10 millimeters. For wall insulation, it is better to take rolled or slab materials, using the remains of building a house.

How much expanded clay is needed

The volume of this bulk material is determined by the area of the backfill and the thickness of the layer. The floor area is: 6 x 4 = 24 square meters, the backfill layer, taking into account the layer thickness of 0.1 meters, will be 24 x 0.1 = 2.4 cubic meters. For the ceiling, you will need the following amount: 24 x 1.16 = 28 meters, 2, 4 + 2.8 = 5.2 cubes. Coefficient 1.16 takes into account the angle of inclination of the side walls.

How much slab or roll insulation is needed

The need for this material is determined by the area of the walls:

The frontal wall has an area of 6 x 2 = 12 sq. m.
The total surface of the side walls will be: 4 x 2.5 x 2 = 20 sq. m.
Front wall area: 3 x 8 = 18 sq.m.

Thus, the total area of \u200b\u200binsulation for wall covering will be: 12 + 20 + 18 \u003d 50 square meters.

Photo gallery: finishing work of the barn

Sheathing shed walls is inexpensive and lasts a long time Glass wool reliably keeps the temperature in the barn Laying OSB boards on the floor - practical option barn Material with low thermal conductivity will save the barn from overheating in summer Plywood is a great material for finishing the ceiling in the barn.

All wooden parts must be treated with fire impregnation and antiseptic. Otherwise, the barn will not live long.

Video: building a shed roof barn on your own

The apparent simplicity of construction should not have a relaxing effect on the owner of the site. One way or another, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the soil. If movements lead to a skew of the structure, the door may jam or break window frames. And also the slightest inaccuracy or mistake in the choice of materials for construction will lead to the loss of costs incurred.

Before the start of the construction of a large cottage or a small country house, a modest compact building appears on a country plot, which can be called a change house, utility room or utility block. A useful room, divided by partitions into several sections, can play the role of a bathroom, pantry, tool storage or even a summer kitchen. It is difficult to underestimate the importance of this building, so let's take a closer look at what a household block is for giving and whether it is possible to build it yourself.

Hozblok - the building is small in size, but universal, therefore it is absolutely not limited by any framework in its use. Its appointment depends entirely on the priorities put forward by the owners of the country residence. Initially, outbuildings were used to store construction and gardening tools, some materials, and dacha equipment. Long-term work on the beds or at a construction site led to the fact that household summer residents turned part of the premises into a kind of summer kitchen so that they could drink tea and relax a bit.

Some utility blocks are more like a country house than a utility room: they are finished with siding, covered with flexible tiles and decorated with decorative elements

Long work makes itself felt, especially in the hot season, so summer residents who especially care about their health have allocated a small corner for a shower; accordingly, a toilet can fit behind the partition, requiring completely small area. If the footage of the building allows, then part of it can be taken as a rest room, and if you install a bed in it, you can sleep peacefully while the air temperature allows. It is clear that with the appearance of a house in the suburban area, the hozblok will lose some of its functions, however, it will always remain useful and in demand.

Hozblocks can be completely different in appearance and resemble any building, from an ordinary simple barn to a fabulous house decorated with openwork carvings.

Many gardeners give great importance the style of each object located on the site. Such a compact structure in the style of minimalism is suitable for owners who keep up with the times.

Can be purchased finished structure assembled or disassembled, which resembles a block frame-modular container. It is formed from a corner and a channel, and then sheathed with wood board. The advantages of this type of building:

fast construction speed;
lack of foundation;
mobility;
the possibility of multiple assembly and disassembly;
democratic value.

You can build a hozblok with your own hands, having previously prepared a tool and purchased material.

The most popular outbuildings are made of wood - plastic, easy to process, durable material, with proper processing, ready to serve for decades.

The easiest way is to build a wooden change house, sheathe it on the outside with clapboard or profiled sheet, and cover the roof with inexpensive rubber tiles or sheet iron. A couple of walls are equipped with windows to penetrate inside sunlight. It is better to divide the room with the help of partitions or cabinets into several zones that differ in purpose. In order to feel comfortable in the hozblok in winter, its walls, floor and roof should be reinforced with thermal insulation - glass wool mats, a membrane or polyurethane foam.

Installation rules for this building

The place for the utility room is regulated by the requirements of SNiP 30-02-97, while taking into account the purpose of the utility block. Suppose you decide to arrange a shower there, in this case, the minimum distance to the neighboring building should be 8 meters, and to the border of the site - at least one meter. Every meter between the building and other objects can be useful: on a small piece of land you can place a woodpile, build a small canopy or plant a fruit bush.

When using the hozblok as a bathroom, as well as for keeping poultry or livestock, keep an eye on the distance: to residential buildings - at least 12 meters, to the neighboring territory - at least 4 meters

6 acres each square meter The dacha territory is worth its weight in gold, so the only way to save more land for planting is to combine all household premises under one roof, creating something like a multifunctional building. It resembles an ordinary house with many rooms, differing only in size and degree of insulation. For example, a toilet, shower and pantry can easily fit in one room, and a large shed on the side will replace the garage.

Scheme of a multifunctional utility block, consisting of several sections, in which you can place a rest room, a bathroom with a shower and toilet, a pantry for storing canned food or tools

One more interesting solution- construction of the second floor. In the upper room, you can arrange a guest room, a dovecote or a hayloft if rabbits or goats are kept in the country house.

Now many companies offer ready-made buildings, but it is much more interesting to create and equip a household block for a summer residence with your own hands. Let's take a building with dimensions of 6m x 3m x 3m as a sample.

The finished hozblok consists of two separate rooms, each of which has a separate entrance. The windows are on three walls, excluding the back.

Before the construction process, it is necessary to purchase material:

timber of various sections (15cm x15cm, 10cm x 15cm, 10cm x 10cm, 5cm x 10cm);
edged board;
roofing material (or equivalent);
plywood;
sand, gravel, cement for concrete production;
asbestos-cement pipe (15 cm in diameter).

Step #1 - Installing the Foundation

The first stage is the marking of the perimeter for the future foundation. The posts will be located at the corners and in the center of the long, 6-meter walls. First you need to prepare the soil - remove a layer of turf and fertile soil to a depth of 20 cm, fill in a sandy 10-centimeter pillow and carefully compact it. For each column, a hole with a depth of about 1 m 20 cm will be required - a column for the foundation of the appropriate length should be placed in it.

The dimensions of the hozblok can be different and depend on its purpose, so it is not necessary to focus on the specified parameters - the length or width can be changed

The bottom of each hole also needs to be prepared: covered with a thick layer of fine gravel or sand, compacted. After installing the pipes in the finished holes, their strictly vertical position is checked (it is better to use the building level), and the free space is covered with sand. The inside of the pipes should be filled with cement mortar by about one third, and then the pipe section should be raised. As a result of this action, a solid foundation for foundation pillars is obtained from concrete.

The foundation on asbestos-cement piles is a guarantee of stability and durability of the structure; you can build a hozblok without a foundation, but it will be less reliable and will last a shorter period

Then it is necessary to completely fill the cavity of the pipes with cement mortar. Many, in order to strengthen the subsequent fixation of the base from the beam, mount pieces of reinforcement fixed in the solution and protruding upwards by about 20 cm in four corner posts. Pipes should be poured carefully, so that air pockets do not form. The final hardening will occur only after a couple of weeks, during this time the solution should be moistened with water and closed from direct sunlight.

Step #2 - Forming the Base Frame

While the foundation “ripens”, you can start assembling the frame. The most powerful timber (15cm x 15cm) is fixed in the form of a rectangle, the long side of which is 6 m, and the short side is 3 m. At the corners, a “half-tree” fastening is used, the grooves are connected with self-tapping screws (2 pieces are enough for the anchor, 4 pieces for reinforcement) . between foundation pillars and wooden frame it is necessary to make a layer of roofing material, the ends of which should be bent down (so that rainwater does not accumulate). To protect against insects, mold and moisture, the timber is treated with an antiseptic. One of the traditional options is two layers of drying oil. The frame is then reinforced with three evenly spaced transverse joists using a 10cm x 10cm beam.

The main qualities of the frame are stability and reliability, so the main attention should be paid to the joints of the timber and the treatment of wood with protective agents.

Step # 3 - erecting the frame

For the construction of the frame, a beam with a smaller diameter should be used than for the installation of the foundation. First you need to assemble parts of the frame from the ends, taking into account the fact that there will be window openings on both sides. Vertical racks are fixed on the frame with steel corners and self-tapping screws. In order to "plant" the rack on the foundation reinforcement, it is necessary to drill a hole with a diameter of 1 cm (in this way 4 corner posts will be fixed). Additional elements and struts are fixed between them - with the help of bolted connections. Opposite sides should look identical after assembly.

To strengthen the fixation between the first and second, as well as the third and fourth racks, struts should be installed - small bars of a smaller section, located diagonally

Then the front facade is assembled. The middle racks are fixed in increments of 1m 80 cm. So that they do not move while fixing other elements, they can be temporarily connected to each other with a board planted on self-tapping screws. It is planned that the utility block consists of 2 sections, so you will need to arrange 2 doorways and additionally install a partition. Dimensions doorways- 2 m high and 85 cm wide. On the front side there will also be a window opening, its location is between 2 and 3 racks.

During assembly, window bolts should be set: the distance from the frame to the lower horizontal is 80 cm, the distance between both horizontals is 1 m

The rear facade is assembled in the same way as the front, but the process is simplified due to the absence of window and door openings. Two middle racks should be set at an interval of 1 m 80 cm, and braces should be fixed between pairs of racks. The final touch is the upper interchange at a height of 2 m, for which a beam of 5 cm x 10 cm is used. It is formed from elements fastened together "end-to-end" and fixed with galvanized corners.

Step #4 - Assembly of rafters and roofing

It is better to assemble the rafters on the ground, and then install them on the hozblok in finished form. It is important to correctly assemble the crate - solid or at intervals, depending on roofing material. The slope of the roof is approximately 10 degrees. When installing, the rafters are attached to self-tapping screws, and the overhangs and cornices are sheathed with edged boards. Holes for self-tapping screws are pre-drilled to avoid cracking.

The roof structure is installed as follows: it is placed on the logs behind the building, then it rises up with the help of stops or rods and is inserted into the grooves

Step #5 - Outer and Inner Sheathing

The final stage is lining with clapboard from the outside and interior decoration of the premises. Roofing is laid on the roof (tiles, slate, sheet iron), doors are hung, windows are inserted. If necessary, internal frame-type partitions are installed, which can be sheathed with plywood. Mineral wool or polystyrene foam can be used to insulate external walls.

If you have at least a little experience in carpentry, the construction of a dacha hozblok will not seem complicated and intricate. In the future, instead of the first, trial version, a more reliable and durable structure can be erected.

If the utility room is built after the construction of the house, it can be made in the form of an extension to the main building by making an additional internal entrance

Video clips with examples of the construction of household blocks

The hozblok is a building small in size, but universal in use, therefore, such a structure belongs to the category necessary buildings in any household area. Self erection allows you to get not only an individual, but also an affordable building that meets all the requirements.

Outbuildings or outbuildings are a number of non-residential premises, which include a barn and a woodshed, which are being built on a land plot and belong to the category of utility buildings. In small areas of homestead territories, economic blocks are being built, whose purpose may be as follows:

storage of gardening equipment, tools and equipment;
summer workshop;
a multi-section building, including a utility room, an outdoor shower and a toilet;
multi-section building, including a pantry, a bathroom and a rest room or a covered veranda.

Often, the arrangement of standard outbuildings consists in attaching a shed for storing firewood, the location of a poultry house or a small greenhouse.

Types of finished hozblok

Manufacturers currently offer enough wide choose house models, which are represented by monoblock and collapsible categories:

monoblock structures are made on the basis of metal containers or using welded frames. The corners of the roof are equipped with special lugs designed to transport the structure using a truck crane. The main advantages of such models are represented by the presence of internal networks, which must be connected to external communications after installation, as well as the speed of installation, which takes no more than two to three hours. The cost is determined by the dimensions, materials used and performance indicators. However, the complexity of delivery to the installation site and the need to use special equipment make such models not very popular;
collapsible structures most often belong to the category "turnkey". They are delivered unassembled and installed by professional installers. The advantages of such blocks include ease of delivery and the possibility, and the attached detailed diagram and instructions greatly facilitate the assembly of the structure on site and describe this process step by step. The disadvantages are the lack of the ability to independently perform the installation and the need to re-install all the necessary communications.

In accordance with another classification, all manufactured utility blocks can be subdivided according to the materials used in wall, floor and roof sheathing:

plastic blocks represented by lightweight panels that are simple to connect, relatively cheap, but have a number of heat-insulating problems;
blocks of wood they have external attractiveness, have fairly good heat-insulating characteristics, and the use of special processing increases hygroscopicity, but such structures need more careful maintenance;
to the category of the most durable and durable structures include reliable metal blocks, which, however, require a mandatory anti-corrosion coating.

It is equally important when choosing a ready-made model to pay attention to the number and area of sections of the hozblok:

one-piece construction;
two-section design;
three-section design.

The purpose of additional sections may be different, but such a usable area should allow you to equip all the necessary devices and communications inside.

Do-it-yourself frame hozblok (video)

How to make a hozblok for a summer residence with your own hands

Build an outbuilding next to country house you can do it yourself even if you don’t have much experience in the construction industry. As a rule, the construction of any barn is a forced measure and arises if it is necessary to allocate space for gardening tools, various construction tools or devices and equipment that needs to be stored in dry rooms. If we are building a block on our own, then first of all it is necessary to determine the main parameters of the structure being erected, as well as choose a design and draw up a competent drawing.

Drafting and design selection

When making a drawing, it is very important to correctly distribute the overall dimensions of the structure being erected, including height, width and length, by the number of required compartments. Among other things, when designing a building, it is important to remember that Such a structure must necessarily meet the following basic criteria:

the most efficient distribution of usable space;
the longest period of operation;
high level of reliability;

If necessary, it should be possible to carry out all necessary communications, including electricity and water, as well as a sewerage system. It is desirable to build a structure that will organically fit into the surrounding landscape and will be worthy of additions to other structures on the territory.

It is also very important right choice location of the hozblok taking into account all the requirements prescribed in SNiP 30-02-97 and in accordance with the main purpose of the building being built. If it is planned to keep livestock, poultry or when arranging a toilet, the minimum distance to residential buildings should be at least 12 m, and to the border of neighboring plots - at least 4.0 m.

When arranging a shower room, the minimum distance to a residential building must be more than 8.0 m, and to the border with neighboring plots - one meter. The best option is the construction "back to back" with the household block of neighbors. In this case, one can consider corner option location.

The standard drawing of the building is represented by a combination of a summer shower, as well as a utility room and a toilet. Owners of small household plots can be recommended to give preference to multi-storey blocks, which save space. The underground part is most often used as a cellar and compost pit. The first floor is reserved for a pantry and a workshop, a bathroom and a summer kitchen. The attic space is ideal for hay storage, dovecote placement or seedling growing.

Drawing of a wooden hozblok (video)

List of building materials and tools for the construction of a utility block

From the qualitative characteristics of the selected building materials directly related to the durability of the structure. The construction of the simplest, but a practical option for a barn for the household, involves the design presented:

strip reinforced foundation;
galvanized casting;
a frame based on a metal profile;
floor board;
block house panels;
window and door frames;
crate;
roofing.

List of materials used in the construction of an outbuilding:

reinforcement with a diameter of 12-14 mm and wire for a bundle of reinforcement used in the construction of a strip foundation;
boards or moisture-resistant plywood for the construction of formwork;
concrete grade M200.
metal profile for the construction of racks and crossbars in the amount according to the project;
tongue-and-groove floorboards in quantity according to the project;
window and door blocks in quantity according to the project;
block house panels;
edged board for roofing;
roofing material in the form of slate, andulin or metal tiles;
drainage system;
fasteners.

Technology self construction outbuildings on the plot of land as follows:

marking the site for the structure and digging the trench in accordance with the markup;

arrangement of a strip foundation base by tying reinforcement and pouring concrete mortar;
assembly in accordance with the drawing of a metal frame based on an aluminum profile;
laying on the surface of the foundation base a pair of waterproofing layers of roofing material and the subsequent installation of a galvanized ebb;
installation of the assembled frame on the foundation base;
laying on the frame logs of the floorboard;
fixation on rafter legs crate frame;
roofing and drainage system;
installation of doors and window frame. Before the final installation, the wooden frame, along with other wooden elements, is treated with an antiseptic composition and a couple of layers of drying oil.

On the final stage it is necessary to sheathe the frame of the structure with block-house panels, after which windows and doors are installed. Depending on the purpose, it may be necessary to perform thermal insulation of the building. For this purpose, a “pie” is laid on the inside of the racks, consisting of waterproofing, insulation boards and vapor barrier. After completing the insulation, you can proceed to the interior decoration. Moisture-resistant plywood or lining is most often used as an internal facing material.

Step-by-step instructions for building a wooden hozblok with a shower and toilet

A significant part of summer residents prefer to build auxiliary structures with their own hands. The most popular model in this case is the practical option with outdoor shower and an open-plan toilet. During the construction of a wooden utility block with a shower and toilet You must follow these simple guidelines:

marking and arrangement of the foundation. Standard signal pegs should be installed in the central part and in the corners of the marking being performed. In accordance with the markup, a quarter of a meter of soil is removed, after which a sand and gravel cushion is poured;
under the pillars you need to dig or make holes a meter deep with a drill. Gravel is poured into the bottom of the pits. Installed pillars in order to extend the service life is recommended to be concreted. The next step should be started in a couple of weeks, when the concrete mortar gains a sufficient level of strength;
all used wooden elements must be treated with special antiseptic compounds or covered with a layer of paint based on drying oil. The rectangular frame base is made of wooden beam with dimensions 150x150 mm. The fixation of the corner parts is carried out “half-tree”, and galvanized self-tapping screws are used for the grooves;

before installation wooden frame it is necessary to lay a waterproofing roofing material layer on the foundation. To strengthen the frame, reinforcement is made with the help of three transverse logs from a beam of 100x100 mm;
further assembly of the frame will consist in fixing the ends of the structure, taking into account the installation of windows. To fix the vertical posts, steel corners and galvanized self-tapping screws are used, and the corner posts are attached using additional elements and struts;
when arranging the front facade and rear parts, the middle racks are fixed with a distance of 180 cm. It is also necessary to take into account doorways and a partition on the facade. The upper denouement with a beam measuring 50x100 mm must be carried out at a height of a couple of meters with fastening with galvanized corners.
at the last stage, a truss system is erected and a roof with an inclination angle of at least ten degrees is equipped. To fasten the rafter system, galvanized self-tapping screws are used, and the overhangs and cornices are sheathed with an edged board treated with an antiseptic.

Options for household blocks in the country (video)

At the final stage, internal and external finishing, roofing material laying, as well as installation of windows and doors are carried out.

When planning the construction of a private house or cottage, it is important to provide for the presence of such an important building as a barn in the project. During the construction of housing economic block it will serve as a good shelter for inventory, and at the end of all work it will be able to play the role of a pantry or chicken coop or become a reliable place to store firewood. Using various building materials and original projects, such a design is quite realistic to install on the land with your own hands.

Peculiarities

Country life begins not only with the improvement of residential premises, but also personal plot. Therefore, in order to provide convenient placement of things and keep the area clean, you will need a garden shed. Before building such a change house, the summer resident must decide what functions it will perform. If you plan a shed for a summer residence, which will only accommodate tools and garden tools, then you can erect a simple building without a foundation with windows and a good roof. In the same case, when the owners want to store hay in it, vegetables and fruits harvested for the winter, vehicles and keep poultry, then a more durable structure will be needed.

Since the barn will perform separate building on the site, then it will have to be registered, having previously prepared all the necessary documents.

For the construction of utility blocks, the law provides for special standards, so they cannot be erected without obtaining permits from the sanitary and epidemiological services. In addition, it is worth considering that capital structures can obscure the beds in the neighboring area, which will lead to conflict situations. To avoid this, it is necessary to comply with the rules for placing a shed, according to which the distance from its borders to the passage and the borders from the side of the street must be at least 5 m. As for the distances within the site, outbuildings can be installed from houses not less than 3 m, other buildings - from 1 m, and from trees - 4 m.

The legislation also states that each owner of a land plot cannot infringe on the rights of neighbors. Therefore, the placement of the barn should be planned in such a way that it does not interfere with other summer residents in any way. Blocks without keeping birds and animals are recommended to be installed according to household and sanitary standards at a distance of 6 m from adjacent territories. Before registering a barn, you must also obtain permission from the fire department. To do this, representatives of the Ministry of Emergency Situations will go to the site and make an assessment of the plan and make a conclusion technical specifications object.

After all the documentation is in order, you can safely proceed to the construction and arrangement of the barn.

Design

Any construction begins with the design, and the installation of an economic unit is no exception. As a rule, at dachas, a change house is used not only for storing tools and things, but also serves as a separate room for a shower and a bathroom. Therefore, depending on the purpose of the barn, the owners need to provide for the installation of windows and doors in the future building. The simplest is the project of structures from boards with assembly, but there are also many options using other building materials. Before drawing up the drawings of the barn, you should decide on its size and location.

It is also important to take into account whether the construction will be capital or temporary, which will help to avoid all kinds of extensions in the future. On medium-sized plots, barn projects with a size of 2 × 3 m and a height of 2.4 m are usually chosen.

Plank structures are considered an economical option for construction; they are installed within a week and can be easily dismantled. If a permanent economic block is planned, then it is best to give preference to brick buildings. They are strong, durable, but their construction is expensive.

In addition, at the design stage, it is necessary to resolve the issue of laying the foundation. The lack of a base can lead to rapid rotting of the floors, due to which the life of the barn will decrease. If, according to the project, a cellar is placed under the barn, then the foundation must be installed. For this, a drawing of the main and underground structure is drawn up.

layout

The barn represents simple design, so it is quite possible to build it yourself. In order for the outbuilding to harmoniously fit into landscape design and served convenient place to place things before installing it, you need to properly think over the layout and make drawings, taking into account the following nuances:

The building is best placed in the background of the site so that it is not visible from the main entrance to the courtyard.
The location of the building is chosen so that it does not restrict access to other buildings.
To protect the structure from rain and melt water, it should be erected on a hill.
Planning options need to be considered before starting construction works. If the barn is additionally equipped with a summer kitchen, a play area or a workshop, then in this case it is advisable to make two separate entrances.
If the utility block will only act as a place to store inventory, then it is enough to put a small collapsible shed on the site and sheathe it with siding or clapboard.
When planning a structure, you should choose the appropriate type of roof for it. Usually it is made single or double.
The location of the doors and the roof slope should be determined before construction, otherwise precipitation will flow directly above the entrance.

In the event that the area of \u200b\u200bthe site allows, then it is possible to build a spacious shed, the layout of which would include not only a spacious pantry, but also a shower with a bathroom. This will allow you to rationally store tools, garden tools and take a shower after working in the beds.

Kinds

Depending on the design features, the barn can be permanent or temporary. Country buildings that are planned to be operated on a permanent basis, as a rule, are erected in such a way that they fit beautifully into general form site and resembled a residential building. Such mini-houses perfectly decorate the landscape design, since the same building materials are used to decorate their walls and roofs as for the main house. The capital barn must be durable, so it is installed on the foundation. In this regard, for this type of buildings, it is important to choose the right location, because after installation it is problematic to transfer them.

The foundation for the capital barn is selected taking into account the material of its walls and the type of soil on the site. As a rule, a columnar, shallowly buried, monolithic and strip foundation can act as a reliable foundation. As for the walls, they are considered an excellent option aerated concrete blocks which are easy to install and light in weight. In addition, many craftsmen for exterior decoration use frame technologies, sheathing the walls with decorated corrugated board, clapboard or siding.

If a budget barn is being built, then concrete blocks are suitable for it.

The roof of permanent structures is usually covered with ondulin. This sheet material is in great demand, as it is characterized by excellent performance properties and is available in various colors. Traditionally, these types of sheds are built with a toilet or shower.

No less popular with summer residents are modular designs that have a collapsible look. They are placed mainly in small areas or when the construction of a residential building is not completed and further planning of the territory is to be done. Temporary sheds are built as soon as possible from improvised materials. Since the design is simple, it is possible to build it yourself, without resorting to the help of specialists.

The dimensions of the block are selected depending on the number of items that are planned to be stored in it. Usually these are small sheds 2 × 2 or 3 × 3 m in size. Their design is made of a frame, choosing wood as a sheathing. This allows quick disassembly and assembly. As for interior decoration, then the walls are often left unsheathed, since the structure is designed for a short service life.

How to choose?

The main components of any suburban area is a house, a garage, a gazebo and, of course, a barn. These facilities are necessary for comfortable living outside the city, so they must be included in the plan of the territory. When the area of the site allows, then household objects are built separately, but if the place is small, then they are often combined to build a barn. In such situations, it combines at the same time a pantry, a shower room and a small toilet, options for outbuildings with a firewood shed are also possible. Therefore, the layout and design of the barn must be chosen even before construction begins.

The outbuilding should be placed in such a way that it is located behind the house, next to the boundary of the site. To hide it from neighboring views, it is recommended to mask it with vertical gardening.

You can also choose the original type of building and install it close to the house. Dimensions and appearance sheds are selected not only taking into account the area of the backyard territory, but also its general design.

by the most simple option for summer cottages, ready-made hozbloks with a prefabricated type of construction are considered. They are a monoblock structure consisting of a metal frame. The walls of such a barn are sheathed with metal and additionally insulated. Since electrical wiring is carried out inside the building, the structure can be used as a multifunctional unit, including a place to relax, a small storage room, a shower room and a toilet. In addition, some prefabricated models have a folding canopy that allows you to install a veranda.

Ready-made sheds are considered beneficial for a summer cottage, they are quickly assembled, inexpensive and take up little space. For the installation of a container structure, it is not necessary to lay a foundation, it is enough to get by with monoblocks or a columnar base. The only thing to consider is that when buying such a model, you will have to connect internal communications: electricity and water collectors with hoses.

The installation of prefabricated structures is carried out using a truck crane. Such sheds look attractive and fit perfectly into any landscape design. In addition, they are also durable and reliable in operation, and due to their mobility, household blocks can either be sold after the construction of the house, or transferred to another convenient place.

Economical sheds built from slabs are also considered a good option for giving. For their installation, an unedged board is used. The frame is placed on a pre-prepared base. Since the structure is light in weight, a foundation is not needed for it.

To protect the building from moisture, it is placed on wide beams or wooden pallets. As for the size of the shed, it is usually made 2 × 3 m with a height of 2.5 m, the frame of the budget shed is made of timber, which is sheathed with slabs. The attractiveness of such buildings gives pitched roof and planted climbing plants.

If the owners of the dacha want to see more modern version barn, then they need to choose frame structures. They are quick to install, but the main condition for their construction is the manufacture of a strong frame of their high-quality timber. The exterior decoration of such blocks can be done with siding, which over time can be easily replaced with another material. The roof is usually made single or gable, it is covered shingles. A columnar foundation is well suited for a frame structure.

Of course, choosing a shed for a summer residence is not an easy task, but if you first calculate everything and create an individual project, then even the most nondescript hozblok will become a real decoration of the site. In addition, today there are many design ideas, thanks to which an ordinary pantry will turn not only into a place to store things, but also an excellent area for relaxation.

materials

When planning the construction of a farm building, it is important to foresee its location, size and choose building materials. Brick sheds are very popular with summer residents. They are durable, practical, have a beautiful look.

They also have disadvantages:

Not everyone can do brickwork, so often you have to use the services of specialists for construction. And this will entail additional costs.
Expensive cost. In addition to bricks, gravel, sand and cement must also be purchased for work. In the end, the amount will be rather big.
The need for the organization of the construction site. If the backyard area is small, then this will create certain problems and inconveniences.

In no way inferior in their performance and wooden sheds. They are quickly and easily assembled from timber; MDF, boards or OSB are used for their sheathing. The main advantage of such buildings is considered to be light weight, low cost and the possibility of installation by one's own hands. The only drawback of wooden structures is the need to constantly treat the tree with special protective agents or paint.

In order for such a structure to look beautiful on the site, it also needs to be regularly restored, and this will require additional costs.

Sometimes cellular concrete is chosen for the construction of a barn. At the same time, it is not recommended to use gas silicate, since it quickly absorbs moisture and, therefore, a structure without a high-quality finish will last a short time. Foam concrete is good for outbuildings, it is easy to install, it is inexpensive. Ordinary plaster can serve as its finishing. There are practically no minuses in the foam block.

In the event that it is planned to install a barn of light construction, then polycarbonate will be an ideal choice for this. This material is usually attached to a support frame made of timber. The frame is usually made of aluminum profiles or plastic pipes. With proper installation, the barn is assembled in a few days, all work is carried out without outside help and unnecessary financial costs.

Budget option for the country barn, corrugated board will also serve, with which the structure is sheathed. It has an aesthetic appearance, but in order to extend the life of the structure, you will have to worry about protecting it from moisture. With intense condensation and dampness, the “iron” will rust. In addition, it is not recommended to leave tools and other garden accessories in such a block for the winter.

If the barn is intended for temporary use, then it can be built from improvised materials. Installation in this case is carried out from everything that is at hand: old boards, profiles and slate. After the layout of the site is completed and the residential building is built, such a utility block is dismantled and a permanent facility is installed.

How to do?

The country barn is a simple design, so it is quite possible to build it yourself. The most important thing is that everything needs to be done in stages and worry about the availability of tools and materials in advance. Recently, summer residents have been in great demand wooden structures, they can be easily installed by yourself with minimal cost.

Before starting construction, you should make a construction plan and purchase the following building materials:

brick;
ruberoid;
shaped boards with a section of 150 × 50 mm;
slate;
logs 25 mm thick;
staples;
nails.

If the work is carried out by a novice master, then the following step-by-step guide will help them complete the construction:

First of all, it is necessary to carefully prepare the site and clean it of debris and plantings. Then, in order to protect the lower part of the building from moisture, “brick chairs” are constructed, on which a layer of waterproofing material is necessarily laid and covered with a bar on top.
The next step will be the installation of racks. Their number is determined depending on the size of the barn. When installing the racks, a step of 1.5 m is observed. In the corners, the joints are fixed with nails and the supports are fixed with temporary struts.
Then the upper harness is prepared and the corners are fixed "to the floor of the tree." All harnesses and racks are fastened with nails at least 200 mm long. In this case, you need to pay attention to the fact that the ends of the strapping are released from the back and front of the shed by 20-30 cm. A crate is installed on the upper strapping, which is covered with roofing material and slate from above.
Next, permanent struts and bars with a section of 50 × 50 mm are mounted. They should be placed on the corner posts diagonally. In the place where the doors will be installed, they additionally put a rack and attach a crossbar to it. door frame inserted into the prepared opening, after which boards are nailed to the racks of the structure. In the event that the boards are even, then they are laid tightly to each other, unedged boards are best nailed alternately.
The walls of the boards are covered on the outside with roofing material, this will protect them from the negative effects of the external environment. The roofing material should be nailed in such a way that its upper edges go beyond the lower ones.
The final stage of work will be the flooring of the floorboards along the bottom trim. They also hang the door itself and attach the lock.

This instruction concerns the construction of a wooden barn for temporary use. If it is planned to install a permanent structure, then you must first lay a solid foundation, make a frame and sheathe it with any building material. For utility blocks, which will perform not only the role of a pantry, it will also be necessary to perform interior decoration.

Arrangement for the intended purpose

The garden shed has different functionality, so it can be arranged inside in different ways. The most popular type of finishing for utility blocks is clapboard cladding. It is possible to design a barn in this way if it is intended for storing shovels, firewood and other equipment, but when a shower is installed in the change house, the wooden walls will not best idea. To solve this problem, a plasterboard partition is first erected, which is later lined with inexpensive tiles.

An important issue in the arrangement of the barn will be the installation of all communications, including the installation of lighting. For summer residents who plan to use the building as a workshop, it is necessary to provide for the presence of spacious cabinets and shelves in it. Often in spacious sheds there is a place for storing vehicles, in this case, to facilitate entry, a concrete descent should be made near the entrance gate. In addition, the hozblok should be provided with a canopy, which will serve as an excellent place to store firewood.

Design

Recently, most urban residents are trying to spend their free time in summer cottages. Therefore, the cottage should not only be comfortable for living, but also have an appropriate appearance, emphasizing the beauty of nature. This applies to both a residential building and all outbuildings adjacent to it. If you decorate the barn in an original way, then the dusty and tool-clogged pantry will easily turn into an attractive “room”.

It is necessary to create the design of hozblokov from their placement on the site. If the area allows, it is best to build spacious facilities with a similar style and finish as a residential building.

This combination will harmoniously fit into the landscape of the backyard territory. In the case when the cottage is small, you can install neat structures, decorating their walls with weaving plants. So they will be invisible and will merge in an original way with other plantings.

The color of the barn finish should be selected depending on its size and the prevailing palette on the site. For small dachas It is best to choose light shades, they will help to visually expand the space. In addition, decorative painting can be done on a white or pastel background of the walls, thanks to which the building will take on a fabulous look. To obtain original design barn, when finishing it, it is desirable to use several types of building materials. For example, combinations of wood, brick and metal look unusual.

Beautiful examples

To date, there are many projects for the construction of a barn, but summer residents are very popular interesting options decorations that allow you to make something original out of an ordinary pantry. Regardless of the size and design of the adjustment, it must be ennobled with climbing plants or capsho with flowers. Thus, a small shed with a canopy and a woodshed will turn into a beautiful mini-greenhouse.
Recently, most summer cottage owners prefer to replace ordinary sheds with large buildings, complemented by windows and doors. Thanks to this, a spacious and bright room is obtained, where you can not only store garden tools, but also relax comfortably. In this case, it is recommended to install windows made of plastic, and wall cladding should be done with colored corrugated board. good decision there will also be a small office shed or library shed, where electrical outlets, fresh interiors and smart design will allow you to enjoy coffee and read books in the morning.